The document describes a model for prioritizing catchments for terrestrial liming in Nova Scotia to aid in mitigating freshwater acidification threatening Atlantic salmon populations. The model provides a complete workflow including catchment delineation, criteria analysis and ranking, weighting, and suitability scoring. It aims to identify the best catchments for liming through an easy-to-use interface and comprehensive user guide. Suggested improvements include further analysis of watershed delineation methods using different digital elevation models.
Prof Graeme Dandy at the Landscape Science Cluster Seminar, May 2009pdalby
Professor Graeme Dandy from the University of Adelaide presenting on Optimisation of Water Management at the Landscape Science Cluster Seminar, May 2009
DSD-INT 2020 Real Time Hydrologic, Hydraulic and Water Quality Forecasting in...Deltares
Presentation by Tony McAlister, WaterTech, at the Delft3D User Days - Australian Time zone: Inland to Estuary, during Delft Software Days - Edition 2020. Tuesday, 10 November 2020.
Environmental Management Modeling Activities at Los Alamos National Laborator...Velimir (monty) Vesselinov
esselinov, V.V., et al., Environmental Management Modeling Activities at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Energy Technical Exchange Meeting, Performance Assessment Community of Practice, Hanford, April 13-14, 2010.
February 2022 TAGD Business Meeting
Study Results: Delineating Injection Well Buffer Zones in Brackish Aquifers
Juan Acevedo, BRACS Hydrologist, TWDB Jack Sharp, Professor Emeritus in Geology, UT- Austin
DSD-INT 2015 - Assessment using delft3 d of the impact of canal del dique - j...Deltares
The document discusses a coastal impact assessment of the Canal del Dique system in Colombia using the Delft3D modeling software. It summarizes key problems affecting the canal and coastal zone, including sedimentation, degradation of wetlands, and negative impacts on marine ecosystems from freshwater and sediment inflow. The study aims to assess potential environmental impacts of restoration measures in the canal and coastal zone. It details the model setup, calibration using measured tide, hydrodynamic and water quality data, and presents preliminary impact assessment results comparing sediment concentration, salinity and temperature under different alternatives.
This document discusses using the MODFLOW groundwater model to evaluate the impact of artificial groundwater recharge in Abbid Sarbishe, Iran. A conceptual model of the study area was developed using hydrogeological data and discretized into a grid for use in MODFLOW. The model was calibrated and validated before using it to simulate different levels of artificial recharge. The results show that recharge has the greatest impact on piezometers closest to the recharge site, with water levels rising up to 2.25 meters. Western parts of the recharge site had a larger impact due to thinner unsaturated zones in the aquifer in that area.
The document describes developing a custom GIS application to examine the impact of raster datasets on flood and low streamflow regional regression models. The objectives are to 1) develop a custom GIS application, 2) examine the impact of DEM horizontal resolution, 3) examine new raster datasets, and 4) identify important watershed characteristics. The methods involve automating GIS processes to derive watershed boundaries and characteristics from soil, climate, hydrology, and remote sensing raster datasets at various resolutions for regional regression modeling.
This document summarizes a study on brackish groundwater comingling in Texas aquifers. It reviewed applicable statutes finding no clear definition of comingling. Factors like water quality stratification, hydraulic gradients, and well construction can enable comingling. Assessments of the Gulf Coast, Eagle Ford Region, and Trans Pecos aquifers found potential for comingling due to multi-aquifer wells and water quality variability. Case studies provided evidence of comingling. A statewide ranking identified 10 high-risk aquifers based on cross-formation completions. Future policy guidance on assessing comingling potential in brackish settings was recommended.
Prof Graeme Dandy at the Landscape Science Cluster Seminar, May 2009pdalby
Professor Graeme Dandy from the University of Adelaide presenting on Optimisation of Water Management at the Landscape Science Cluster Seminar, May 2009
DSD-INT 2020 Real Time Hydrologic, Hydraulic and Water Quality Forecasting in...Deltares
Presentation by Tony McAlister, WaterTech, at the Delft3D User Days - Australian Time zone: Inland to Estuary, during Delft Software Days - Edition 2020. Tuesday, 10 November 2020.
Environmental Management Modeling Activities at Los Alamos National Laborator...Velimir (monty) Vesselinov
esselinov, V.V., et al., Environmental Management Modeling Activities at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Energy Technical Exchange Meeting, Performance Assessment Community of Practice, Hanford, April 13-14, 2010.
February 2022 TAGD Business Meeting
Study Results: Delineating Injection Well Buffer Zones in Brackish Aquifers
Juan Acevedo, BRACS Hydrologist, TWDB Jack Sharp, Professor Emeritus in Geology, UT- Austin
DSD-INT 2015 - Assessment using delft3 d of the impact of canal del dique - j...Deltares
The document discusses a coastal impact assessment of the Canal del Dique system in Colombia using the Delft3D modeling software. It summarizes key problems affecting the canal and coastal zone, including sedimentation, degradation of wetlands, and negative impacts on marine ecosystems from freshwater and sediment inflow. The study aims to assess potential environmental impacts of restoration measures in the canal and coastal zone. It details the model setup, calibration using measured tide, hydrodynamic and water quality data, and presents preliminary impact assessment results comparing sediment concentration, salinity and temperature under different alternatives.
This document discusses using the MODFLOW groundwater model to evaluate the impact of artificial groundwater recharge in Abbid Sarbishe, Iran. A conceptual model of the study area was developed using hydrogeological data and discretized into a grid for use in MODFLOW. The model was calibrated and validated before using it to simulate different levels of artificial recharge. The results show that recharge has the greatest impact on piezometers closest to the recharge site, with water levels rising up to 2.25 meters. Western parts of the recharge site had a larger impact due to thinner unsaturated zones in the aquifer in that area.
The document describes developing a custom GIS application to examine the impact of raster datasets on flood and low streamflow regional regression models. The objectives are to 1) develop a custom GIS application, 2) examine the impact of DEM horizontal resolution, 3) examine new raster datasets, and 4) identify important watershed characteristics. The methods involve automating GIS processes to derive watershed boundaries and characteristics from soil, climate, hydrology, and remote sensing raster datasets at various resolutions for regional regression modeling.
This document summarizes a study on brackish groundwater comingling in Texas aquifers. It reviewed applicable statutes finding no clear definition of comingling. Factors like water quality stratification, hydraulic gradients, and well construction can enable comingling. Assessments of the Gulf Coast, Eagle Ford Region, and Trans Pecos aquifers found potential for comingling due to multi-aquifer wells and water quality variability. Case studies provided evidence of comingling. A statewide ranking identified 10 high-risk aquifers based on cross-formation completions. Future policy guidance on assessing comingling potential in brackish settings was recommended.
This document provides an introduction and overview of groundwater modeling. It discusses why groundwater modeling is needed for effective groundwater management. It outlines the modeling process, including developing a conceptual model, selecting governing equations, model design, calibration, validation, and using the model for prediction. It describes different types of mathematical models, including analytical, finite difference, and finite element models. It emphasizes that a modeling protocol should establish the modeling purpose and ensure the conceptual model adequately represents the system behavior. The document stresses the importance of calibration, verification, and sensitivity analysis to evaluate a model's ability to reproduce measured conditions and the effects of uncertainty.
DSD-INT 2015 - unique delft3 d applications in the usa- edwin eliasDeltares
Deltares is a Dutch research institute focused on water management. It has over 850 staff working on developing and applying expert knowledge to sustainable development of deltas, coasts, and rivers. Deltares has been collaborating with USGS to apply its modeling capabilities to coastal systems in the US, including the Columbia River, Puget Sound, and San Francisco Bay. Key areas of collaboration include understanding sediment processes, developing community models to assess climate change impacts, and applying models to inform management of dredging, flooding, and ecosystem restoration.
Data Requirements for Groundwater ModellingC. P. Kumar
Groundwater modeling requires data on the physical and hydrological framework of the aquifer. The physical framework data defines the aquifer geometry and properties, including topography, geology, aquifer thickness and boundaries. The hydrological framework data describes the flow in and out of the aquifer, such as water table elevations, recharge and discharge rates and areas. Collecting these types of data from existing sources and monitoring programs is the first step of any groundwater modeling study.
This document summarizes improvements made to hydrologic and water quality models as a result of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). Several models were enhanced to better assess the impacts of conservation practices, including RUSLE2, AnnAGNPS, SWAT, and CONCEPTS. Key enhancements included improved modeling of processes like subsurface drainage, riparian buffers, and streambank erosion. Case studies demonstrated the models more accurately simulated factors like sediment reduction from conservation buffers and the effects of farm ponds on streamflow. Overall, CEAP led to important advancements in the ability to evaluate conservation practices using validated, process-based models at multiple scales.
This document summarizes a presentation on improving reservoir simulation modeling with seismic attributes. It discusses how seismic interpretation provides information on stratigraphy, facies distribution, and reservoir properties through attributes. Seismic attributes can help with horizon and fault interpretation when seismic signals are poor. They are also used for facies and property modeling to distribute lithology and properties between wells and in un-drilled areas. Integrating seismic attributes into reservoir modeling can significantly improve dynamic models, simulations, and production forecasts.
Gab Abramowitz_The e-MAST data-model interfaceTERN Australia
The document discusses the e-MAST data-model interface and the Protocol for the Analysis of the Land Surface (PALS) data portal. PALS aims to bridge the observation and modeling communities by hosting standardized model experiments that include multiple observational data streams for model evaluation and development. It addresses issues like data formatting and access that have hindered interaction between the communities. PALS currently has around 140 users conducting site-based experiments and is working to expand to larger-scale distributed experiments to further evaluation of land surface, hydrological and ecosystem models.
DSD-INT 2021 Webinar 3D water quality modelling using Delft3D FM Suite - VilminDeltares
The document discusses 3D water quality modeling using Delft3D FM Suite. It provides the following key points:
1. Delft3D FM allows for flexible mesh grids that can increase resolution in areas of interest while modeling large domains with reduced computation times. It integrates waves, water quality, and other modules.
2. The North Sea is intensely used with increasing pressures on space and ecology from energy transition, sustainable food, and nature conservation. Integrated modeling tools are needed to assess combined effects of large-scale changes.
3. The 3D DCSM-FM model is used to study effects of offshore wind farms and seaweed cultivation on hydrodynamics, nutrients, primary production and higher
DSD-INT 2018 Delft3D FM - validation of hydrodynamics (2D,3D) - De GoedeDeltares
Presentation by Erik de Goede, Deltares, The Netherlands, at the Delft3D - User Days (Day 2: Hydrodynamics), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2018. Tuesday, 13 November 2018, Delft.
DSD-INT 2018 A Methodology Study for Model Build and Calibration of 2D Hydrod...Deltares
Presentation by Edward Shen, Ove ARUP & Partners, Hong Kong, at the Delft3D - User Days (Day 2: Hydrodynamics), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2018. Tuesday, 13 November 2018, Delft.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on MODFLOW given by Nisha Belbase and Prabin Banstola. It discusses the history and development of MODFLOW as a groundwater flow model developed by the USGS. It then describes key aspects of MODFLOW including its governing equations, inputs, outputs, versions, advantages, and disadvantages. Finally, it provides examples of MODFLOW being used for numerical modeling of groundwater in the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal.
DSD-INT 2016 Delft3D Flexible Mesh Suite 2017 in a nutshell - MelgerDeltares
The document provides an overview of the new Delft3D Flexible Mesh Suite 2017 software. It includes updates to the D-Flow Flexible Mesh engine for 1D, 2D, and 3D hydrodynamic modeling. It also includes updates to modules for real-time control, waves, water quality, and morphology. The document outlines the beta testing process and plans for additional development of new features. Support services are also described such as training courses, modeling services, and software code support.
Groundwater models are simplified representation of large and real hydrogeologic systems like river basins or watersheds. GWM is attempted to analyse the mechanisms which control the occurrence and movement of groundwater and to evaluate the policies, actions and designs which may affect the systems. These models are less complex prototypes of complex hydrogeologic systems developed using spatially varying aquifer parameters, hydrologic properties, geologic boundary conditions and positions of withdrawal wells or recharging structures. These are designed to compute how pumping or recharge might affect the local or regional groundwater levels.
DSD-INT 2021 wflow User Day - Introduction - RussellDeltares
The document outlines the schedule and topics for the wflow User Day 2021 conference. The schedule includes sessions on wflow developments in Julia, large-sample evaluations of the wflow_sbm model, catchment erosion modelling using wflow sediment, and effects of groundwater conceptualization in wflow models. It also provides an introduction to wflow as an open source hydrological modeling framework approach developed by Deltares for distributed hydrological modeling from precipitation to groundwater.
DSD-INT 2017 Introduction to computational frameworks Example Ganga Basin - ...Deltares
Presentation by Marnix van der Vat (Deltares) at the River Basin Planning and Modelling symposium, during Delft Software Days - Edition 2017. Wednesday, 25 October 2017, Delft.
The document summarizes the Texas Water Development Board's (TWDB) Brackish Resources Aquifer Characterization System (BRACS) program. BRACS aims to characterize brackish groundwater resources in Texas through detailed data collection and analysis. The program builds databases of well and hydrogeological data, maps aquifer properties like extent and water quality, and calculates estimated brackish groundwater volumes. Completed BRACS studies provide datasets, reports, and other resources to support brackish groundwater management and desalination projects.
2016 conservation track: automated river classification using gis delineated ...GIS in the Rockies
The document describes an automated GIS tool called RESonate that is used to classify river systems into functional process zones (FPZs) based on hydrogeomorphic characteristics. The tool extracts over a dozen variables like elevation, slope, and width from geospatial datasets. It then uses these variables to generate sample points and calculate additional metrics. Statistical analysis is applied to cluster sample segments into distinct FPZ classes. The tool was tested on the Carson River where it identified 5 FPZ classes. The goal of the tool is to provide a consistent classification method that can enhance compatibility between river analyses and improve communication among scientists.
DSD-INT 2019 ShorelineS and future coastline modelling - RoelvinkDeltares
Presentation by Dano Roelvink, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, The Netherlands, at the Delft3D and XBeach User Day: Coastal morphodynamics, during Delft Software Days - Edition 2019. Wednesday, 13 November 2019, Delft.
Restoration Potential Model Nearc 2008 30mindfggis
The document describes a GIS model called the Restoration Potential Model that was created to assess potential stream restoration projects at dam sites across Massachusetts and neighboring states. The model analyzes factors like habitat connectivity improvement, fisheries habitat quality, water quality, and road density to assign a score to each dam site indicating its potential for ecological restoration. It represents an improvement over previous models through its expanded scope, automated procedures, and integrated data from additional sources. The model is intended to help prioritize restoration efforts and provide data to support related proposals, but its results require additional on-site assessment and are limited by inaccuracies in the underlying data.
The document provides an outline for a presentation on the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) hydrological model. It begins with an introduction to hydrological modeling and the development and utilities of the SWAT model. It describes the data requirements, model framework, and step-by-step procedure to run the model. A case study applying the SWAT model to the Simly Dam watershed in Pakistan is summarized. The limitations and future developments of the SWAT model are briefly discussed, followed by references.
This document provides an introduction and overview of groundwater modeling. It discusses why groundwater modeling is needed for effective groundwater management. It outlines the modeling process, including developing a conceptual model, selecting governing equations, model design, calibration, validation, and using the model for prediction. It describes different types of mathematical models, including analytical, finite difference, and finite element models. It emphasizes that a modeling protocol should establish the modeling purpose and ensure the conceptual model adequately represents the system behavior. The document stresses the importance of calibration, verification, and sensitivity analysis to evaluate a model's ability to reproduce measured conditions and the effects of uncertainty.
DSD-INT 2015 - unique delft3 d applications in the usa- edwin eliasDeltares
Deltares is a Dutch research institute focused on water management. It has over 850 staff working on developing and applying expert knowledge to sustainable development of deltas, coasts, and rivers. Deltares has been collaborating with USGS to apply its modeling capabilities to coastal systems in the US, including the Columbia River, Puget Sound, and San Francisco Bay. Key areas of collaboration include understanding sediment processes, developing community models to assess climate change impacts, and applying models to inform management of dredging, flooding, and ecosystem restoration.
Data Requirements for Groundwater ModellingC. P. Kumar
Groundwater modeling requires data on the physical and hydrological framework of the aquifer. The physical framework data defines the aquifer geometry and properties, including topography, geology, aquifer thickness and boundaries. The hydrological framework data describes the flow in and out of the aquifer, such as water table elevations, recharge and discharge rates and areas. Collecting these types of data from existing sources and monitoring programs is the first step of any groundwater modeling study.
This document summarizes improvements made to hydrologic and water quality models as a result of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). Several models were enhanced to better assess the impacts of conservation practices, including RUSLE2, AnnAGNPS, SWAT, and CONCEPTS. Key enhancements included improved modeling of processes like subsurface drainage, riparian buffers, and streambank erosion. Case studies demonstrated the models more accurately simulated factors like sediment reduction from conservation buffers and the effects of farm ponds on streamflow. Overall, CEAP led to important advancements in the ability to evaluate conservation practices using validated, process-based models at multiple scales.
This document summarizes a presentation on improving reservoir simulation modeling with seismic attributes. It discusses how seismic interpretation provides information on stratigraphy, facies distribution, and reservoir properties through attributes. Seismic attributes can help with horizon and fault interpretation when seismic signals are poor. They are also used for facies and property modeling to distribute lithology and properties between wells and in un-drilled areas. Integrating seismic attributes into reservoir modeling can significantly improve dynamic models, simulations, and production forecasts.
Gab Abramowitz_The e-MAST data-model interfaceTERN Australia
The document discusses the e-MAST data-model interface and the Protocol for the Analysis of the Land Surface (PALS) data portal. PALS aims to bridge the observation and modeling communities by hosting standardized model experiments that include multiple observational data streams for model evaluation and development. It addresses issues like data formatting and access that have hindered interaction between the communities. PALS currently has around 140 users conducting site-based experiments and is working to expand to larger-scale distributed experiments to further evaluation of land surface, hydrological and ecosystem models.
DSD-INT 2021 Webinar 3D water quality modelling using Delft3D FM Suite - VilminDeltares
The document discusses 3D water quality modeling using Delft3D FM Suite. It provides the following key points:
1. Delft3D FM allows for flexible mesh grids that can increase resolution in areas of interest while modeling large domains with reduced computation times. It integrates waves, water quality, and other modules.
2. The North Sea is intensely used with increasing pressures on space and ecology from energy transition, sustainable food, and nature conservation. Integrated modeling tools are needed to assess combined effects of large-scale changes.
3. The 3D DCSM-FM model is used to study effects of offshore wind farms and seaweed cultivation on hydrodynamics, nutrients, primary production and higher
DSD-INT 2018 Delft3D FM - validation of hydrodynamics (2D,3D) - De GoedeDeltares
Presentation by Erik de Goede, Deltares, The Netherlands, at the Delft3D - User Days (Day 2: Hydrodynamics), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2018. Tuesday, 13 November 2018, Delft.
DSD-INT 2018 A Methodology Study for Model Build and Calibration of 2D Hydrod...Deltares
Presentation by Edward Shen, Ove ARUP & Partners, Hong Kong, at the Delft3D - User Days (Day 2: Hydrodynamics), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2018. Tuesday, 13 November 2018, Delft.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on MODFLOW given by Nisha Belbase and Prabin Banstola. It discusses the history and development of MODFLOW as a groundwater flow model developed by the USGS. It then describes key aspects of MODFLOW including its governing equations, inputs, outputs, versions, advantages, and disadvantages. Finally, it provides examples of MODFLOW being used for numerical modeling of groundwater in the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal.
DSD-INT 2016 Delft3D Flexible Mesh Suite 2017 in a nutshell - MelgerDeltares
The document provides an overview of the new Delft3D Flexible Mesh Suite 2017 software. It includes updates to the D-Flow Flexible Mesh engine for 1D, 2D, and 3D hydrodynamic modeling. It also includes updates to modules for real-time control, waves, water quality, and morphology. The document outlines the beta testing process and plans for additional development of new features. Support services are also described such as training courses, modeling services, and software code support.
Groundwater models are simplified representation of large and real hydrogeologic systems like river basins or watersheds. GWM is attempted to analyse the mechanisms which control the occurrence and movement of groundwater and to evaluate the policies, actions and designs which may affect the systems. These models are less complex prototypes of complex hydrogeologic systems developed using spatially varying aquifer parameters, hydrologic properties, geologic boundary conditions and positions of withdrawal wells or recharging structures. These are designed to compute how pumping or recharge might affect the local or regional groundwater levels.
DSD-INT 2021 wflow User Day - Introduction - RussellDeltares
The document outlines the schedule and topics for the wflow User Day 2021 conference. The schedule includes sessions on wflow developments in Julia, large-sample evaluations of the wflow_sbm model, catchment erosion modelling using wflow sediment, and effects of groundwater conceptualization in wflow models. It also provides an introduction to wflow as an open source hydrological modeling framework approach developed by Deltares for distributed hydrological modeling from precipitation to groundwater.
DSD-INT 2017 Introduction to computational frameworks Example Ganga Basin - ...Deltares
Presentation by Marnix van der Vat (Deltares) at the River Basin Planning and Modelling symposium, during Delft Software Days - Edition 2017. Wednesday, 25 October 2017, Delft.
The document summarizes the Texas Water Development Board's (TWDB) Brackish Resources Aquifer Characterization System (BRACS) program. BRACS aims to characterize brackish groundwater resources in Texas through detailed data collection and analysis. The program builds databases of well and hydrogeological data, maps aquifer properties like extent and water quality, and calculates estimated brackish groundwater volumes. Completed BRACS studies provide datasets, reports, and other resources to support brackish groundwater management and desalination projects.
2016 conservation track: automated river classification using gis delineated ...GIS in the Rockies
The document describes an automated GIS tool called RESonate that is used to classify river systems into functional process zones (FPZs) based on hydrogeomorphic characteristics. The tool extracts over a dozen variables like elevation, slope, and width from geospatial datasets. It then uses these variables to generate sample points and calculate additional metrics. Statistical analysis is applied to cluster sample segments into distinct FPZ classes. The tool was tested on the Carson River where it identified 5 FPZ classes. The goal of the tool is to provide a consistent classification method that can enhance compatibility between river analyses and improve communication among scientists.
DSD-INT 2019 ShorelineS and future coastline modelling - RoelvinkDeltares
Presentation by Dano Roelvink, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, The Netherlands, at the Delft3D and XBeach User Day: Coastal morphodynamics, during Delft Software Days - Edition 2019. Wednesday, 13 November 2019, Delft.
Restoration Potential Model Nearc 2008 30mindfggis
The document describes a GIS model called the Restoration Potential Model that was created to assess potential stream restoration projects at dam sites across Massachusetts and neighboring states. The model analyzes factors like habitat connectivity improvement, fisheries habitat quality, water quality, and road density to assign a score to each dam site indicating its potential for ecological restoration. It represents an improvement over previous models through its expanded scope, automated procedures, and integrated data from additional sources. The model is intended to help prioritize restoration efforts and provide data to support related proposals, but its results require additional on-site assessment and are limited by inaccuracies in the underlying data.
The document provides an outline for a presentation on the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) hydrological model. It begins with an introduction to hydrological modeling and the development and utilities of the SWAT model. It describes the data requirements, model framework, and step-by-step procedure to run the model. A case study applying the SWAT model to the Simly Dam watershed in Pakistan is summarized. The limitations and future developments of the SWAT model are briefly discussed, followed by references.
This document describes eWater Source, a hydrological modeling platform for integrated water resource management. It can model runoff, constituent transport, urban and rural water systems, as well as ecological processes. Models are used to develop and monitor water policy. The platform is flexible and customizable through plugins. It has been used extensively in Australia for statutory water resource management.
This document describes Arc SWAT, an ArcGIS extension tool for watershed modeling using SWAT. It can be used for developing inflow-outflow models, estimating water resources, managing check dams, and quantifying impacts of land use change. The document provides details on how Arc SWAT works, including delineating watersheds and subbasins, defining land use/soil/slope data, determining hydrologic response units, and running SWAT simulations. It then presents a case study applying ArcSWAT to model the Poondi sub-watershed in India.
The document summarizes research on extracting water surfaces from simulated Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images produced for the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission. The researchers adapted an existing road network extraction algorithm for detecting hydrological networks in the low-incidence Ka-band SAR images. They improved the low-level line detection and high-level graph construction steps to better handle the unique characteristics of the SWOT data. Evaluation of the method on test data showed it was able to correctly extract most rivers, with completeness and correctness generally over 0.5. Future work could involve testing on real SWOT data and combining the approach with other segmentation techniques.
DSD-INT 2016 Regional groundwater flow systems in the Kenya Rift Valley - Mur...Deltares
Presentation by Patrick Murunga Wakhungu (University of Twente) at the iMOD International User Day, during Delft Software Days 2016. Tuesday 1 November 2016, Delft.
This document summarizes Vikas Tandon's hydrogeology modeling qualifications and expertise at Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure Group. It outlines his PhD in hydrogeology, 14 years of experience, and leadership roles. It then describes Shaw's modeling capabilities and applications in areas like groundwater flow analysis, contaminant fate and transport modeling, dewatering design, and modeling of plant discharges to surface water. Example projects are provided and uncertainties in modeling are discussed. The document promotes Shaw's modeling services for evaluating complex environmental problems.
The Development of a Catchment Management Modelling System for the Googong Re...GavanThomas
A scenario assessment model to assist the end-user in determining priorities for a series of agreed management prescriptions that can be enacted through controls on existing landuse
This document summarizes a study that improved ecohydrological simulations in central Iowa watersheds by incorporating more accurate tile drainage and fertilizer application rate data into the SWAT model. The updated models showed better representation of streamflows, crop yields, and water balances compared to default models. Refining inputs like tile drainage maps and fertilizer rates improved model performance at over half of monitoring stations. The results highlight the importance of selecting accurate management data to realistically simulate baseline hydrologic and water quality conditions.
Decreasing groundwater quality at Cisadane riverbanks: Groundwater-surface wa...Dasapta Erwin Irawan
The decreasing of groundwater quality has been the major issue in Tangerang area. One of the key process is the interaction between groundwater and Cisadane river water, which flows over volcanic deposits of Bojongmanik Fm, Genteng Fm, Tuf Banten, and Alluvial Fan. The objective of this study is to unravel such interactions based on the potentiometric mapping in the riverbank. We observed 60 stop sites along the riverbank for groundwater and river water level observations, and chemical measurements: TDS, EC, temp, pH, TSS, Fe2+, Cu+, COD, BOD, and E. coli. Three river water gauge were also analyzed to see the fluctuations.
Three hydrodynamic models are found based on unconfined groundwater flow analysis: 1) Effluent model at Segment I (Kranggan-Batuceper) with δh/δl of 0.2- 0.25; 2) Perched model at Segment II (Batuceper-Kalibaru) with δh/δl of 0.2-0.25; 3) Influent model at Segment III (Kalibaru-Tanjungburung) with δh/δl of 0.15- 0.20.
Water quality parameters of TSS, Fe2+, Cu+, COD, BOD, and E. coli, show higher values towards downstream. Most of the values are also higher than permitted limit. High TSS values of 73.38 mg/l probably comes from sand mining activities at Kranggan area in addition to natural erosion. Average Fe2+ of 0.61 mg/l and Cu+ of 0.13 mg/l probably originates partially from small electroplating industries at Kranggan. Average BOD of 8.42 mg/l, COD of 25.75 mg/l, and E. coli of 6275/100 ml come from domestic activities along river banks.
Pollution pattern which is higher towards downstream needs special awareness. Small industries must be introduced to cheap waste reduction method, while sand mines must have settlement ponds. Organic pollution due to domestic actions, requires sociological approaches. Aside to that, aeration process, ultra filtration, and reverse osmosis can be applied to reduce organic content, although most of them are still expensive.
This document discusses using HEC-RAS software to analyze a river reach containing a single bridge. It outlines the input data needed, including geometric data and flow data. It then describes the steps to model the bridge, including adding the bridge, defining the geometry, and selecting modeling approaches. The document compares results from modeling the bridge as a pressure/weir and using the energy method. It notes that adjustments to contraction/expansion coefficients and cross section locations can improve results.
Presentation of the Structural BMP Prioritization and Analysis Tool (SBPAT) to the Los Angeles MS4 Permitee's Reasonable Assurance Analysis Subcommittee of the Technical Advisory Committee (presented 9/17/2013 by K. Susilo)
Integration of the MODFLOW Lak7 package in the FREEWAT GIS modelling environmentMassimiliano Cannata
The MODFLOW Lake Package is integrated into the FREEWAT GIS environment in order to simulate surface water - groundwater interaction using state of the art techniques for numerical simulations, thus allowing the improved consideration of surface water bodies for water resources management. Surface water bodies, both stationary and flowing, can strongly affect groundwater elevations and flow patterns which in turn may affect the qualitative and quantitative state of groundwater resources. With the advancement of numerical simulation techniques and increased model complexity, FREEWAT facilitates the usage of the lake package through existing QGIS tools to edit model layer geometry as well as an intuitive and simple user interface for the specification of constant and time variable lake properties as defined through MODFLOW.
DEM GENERATION AND RIVER ANALYSIS USING HEC-RAS MODEL, HARIDWAR DISTRICT, UTT...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used HEC-RAS modeling to analyze river flow in the Ganga River in Haridwar District, Uttarakhand, India. A 30m DEM was downloaded and clipped to the area of interest. The DEM was converted to a TIN in ArcGIS and cross-sections, streamlines, and other data were created. This data was exported to HEC-RAS to build the hydraulic model. Simulations were run to generate water surface profiles. The results found the quality of the DEM input is important for flood modeling accuracy. The methodology can be applied to other river systems globally to examine topography data impacts on flood modeling.
Sediment Assessment of UJJANI Reservoir in Maharashtra by using Remote Sensin...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that uses remote sensing to assess sedimentation in the Ujjani Reservoir in Maharashtra, India. Landsat satellite imagery from 2001-2002 was analyzed using NDWI to identify water pixels and calculate changing water spread areas over time. This allowed the researchers to generate a revised capacity-elevation curve and estimate total sedimentation in the reservoir over 34 years was about 207.822 cubic meters, at a rate of 6.65 hectare-meters per 100 square kilometers per year. Remote sensing provided a more efficient approach than traditional surveys to periodically evaluate sedimentation and inform management of the reservoir's longevity.
The study aimed to develop a machine learning model for discharge prediction in the Mahanadi River Basin using GIS data. GIS was used to create maps of spatial features, which were integrated into a linear regression model. The model showed potential for discharge forecasting but could be improved. Future work includes analyzing longer term rainfall and discharge data, comparing additional machine learning algorithms, and enhancing predictions to support water resource management.
Birr - Identifying Critical Portions of the LandscapeJose A. Hernandez
Terrain attributes derived from digital elevation models can be used to identify critical source areas for water quality protection. A study calculated terrain attributes like slope, curvature, and stream power index for two pilot watersheds in Minnesota. Field surveys showed higher values of attributes like specific catchment area and stream power index corresponded to locations of gullies and other erosion features. The results indicate terrain analysis can efficiently identify priority areas for conservation practices to reduce sediment and nutrient runoff.
Similar to Model for Prioritizing Catchments for Terrestrial Liming in NS (20)
Astronauts from the International Space Station have observed and documented cloud formations caused by Karman vortices around islands and coastal regions using photos shared on Twitter. The tweets and photos show swirling cloud patterns formed over islands off the coasts of Mexico, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, and Central America as well as formations shaped by volcanic islands. Studying these cloud patterns from space provides insights into fluid dynamics on Earth.
The document describes an analysis to identify high-risk areas in Nova Scotia for low community health. Researchers used a weighted suitability model to rank dissemination areas based on socioeconomic and expenditure indicators. They conducted a Delphi method to develop a health quality index and determine weights. Analysis included suitability modeling at the dissemination area level, statistical tests comparing urbanity classifications, network analysis of facility access, and kriging to map driving distances to facilities. The analysis identified rural, urban and town areas as highest risk based on the developed health quality index.
Remote sensing was used to map coastal environments in Nova Scotia for various applications. In Little Harbour, multispectral imagery was classified to map eelgrass extent. For Isle Madame, imagery was classified to inventory land cover and assess vulnerability to oil spills. In Shag Harbour, multispectral imagery and lidar were used to map rockweed spatial distribution for a seaweed company. High resolution coastal data allows efficient environmental monitoring and management.
The document describes a project to create a cultural and community development model for the town of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. The goals are to allow stakeholders to manage and share community asset information using ArcGIS Online and Google tools. Community data was collected and organized using ArcMap, Google Sheets, and ArcGIS Online to create an interactive web map and map journals displaying information on assets within each stakeholder group. Instructions are provided on how users can add new community assets to the system. Limitations of the project are also noted.
This document outlines the construction of an informative web application using the ArcGIS API for JavaScript to promote Toronto's Eco-Roof Incentive Program. The web app allows users to visualize costs and benefits of green and cool roofs, determine program eligibility, estimate incentive contributions, and find nearby contractors. It was built using Toronto open data, ArcGIS Desktop, ArcGIS Online, and programming tools. The web app encounters challenges with outdated building data and remote resource access that could be addressed in future improvements.
The document summarizes a project to create base maps for the District of St. Mary's in Nova Scotia. Open source data and paper maps were analyzed using ArcGIS to produce layers and maps showing assets and features of the area. Deliverables included geodatabases, ArcGIS Online maps and simple map projects depicting details such as property lines, civic addresses, water and sewer lines, coastal areas, parks and population data. Issues with using some open source data included inaccuracies from different collection methods. The maps and data are intended to help with tasks like environmental assessments, planning and economic development.
This document describes an interactive web map of New Zealand earthquakes created by Harris Ohland. The map displays earthquake data from 1986 to 2016 with magnitudes of 4.0 or greater within 1750km of specified coordinates, obtained from the USGS earthquake archive. It also shows active fault data from New Zealand's GNS active fault shapefile. The map allows users to filter earthquakes by magnitude, depth, and year using slider filters and toggle the display of fault and plate boundary layers.
Exploring Halifax Attractions using the Esri Runtime SDK for AndroidCOGS Presentations
This document summarizes the steps taken to create an Android app for exploring attractions in Halifax using the Esri Runtime SDK. It describes setting up the development environment, adding maps and basemaps, accessing feature layer data from the cloud, and adding geocoding capabilities. It also details how various layers for trails, breweries, parks, shopping centers and hospitals were created and symbolized for use in the app. The document outlines how each of these layers can be queried, turned on/off, and highlighted through buttons in the Android app interface. It notes some problems encountered like Android Studio updates and projects not syncing correctly from GitHub.
The Processing of the 1920's Survey Sheets of the City of Saint John, NB for ...COGS Presentations
Back in the 1920s, Mr. Murdoch and his crew surveyed the entire city of Saint John with great precision. The original sheets were scanned, which were black and white, and were made available on the Saint John open source website. Unfortunately these were not registered and individual sheets. These survey sheets would be very useful for City employees and interesting for the public.
After georeferencing each sheet to its correct location and scale, they were reference to the city property lines, with the help of ortho photos and city streets. Then each sheet was cropped to remove the border and surrounding text, using the Image Analysis window clip tool, and added to a mosaic dataset. The areas of overlap were clipped in the same way so that the areas of more detail was visible. This dataset was the input for the Copy Raster tool, which created one tiff file for all the sheets in 1 bit. The final mosaic was cleaned with the Raster Painting Tool to remove any redundant street names. This cleaned mosaic would then be uploaded to the online interactive City of Saint John Map as a layer for the public to see.
In conjunction with City of Saint John.
This project examines the rate of erosion in Little Harbour, on the south-east coast of the Northumberland Strait. Coastlines were digitized using a series of airphoto mosaics from the 1970s to the present. The rate of change between digitized lines is measured using a script developed at the AGRG. Attributes are added to the data, classifying it by landform, waterbody, and angle. Results are examined to determine the overall rate of erosion, as well as to determine areas of increased vulnerability.
This document contains a list of names separated into groups, suggesting slides or pictures are being shared among various people. The names John MacD; Jeff S; Spencer P; Natasha F & Matt B are in one group, Sarah S & Mel B in another, Mel M in another, and Jean-Yves L in the final group.
Southwest Mongolia contains mineral resources that can be explored using multispectral remote sensing. Peter Dalton and his advisor Rob Hodder are conducting a program applying multispectral techniques to identify mineralization in southwest Mongolia. Their work uses multispectral data to explore the mineral resource potential of southwest Mongolia.
The 2016 Remote Sensing Field camp will take the form of two projects.
A low tech, low cost aerial photography project using visible spectrum UAV/Ultralight Aircraft mounted cameras as the sensor to demonstrate that relatively low tech, low cost solutions can achieve surprisingly good results when compared to more commercial systems.
A more high tech, high cost terrestrial LiDAR collect of a building or structure of historical or architectural significance.
The scope of a project will influence all other aspects of the project, including its cost, timing, quality and risk.
This document appears to be a test presentation uploaded to SlideShare on April 26, 2016 by Gabe Solomon. It contains one slide titled "Some FortMac Smoke" which is an image from NASA with labels added by DaveM, likely related to forest fire smoke from Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada.
Using ArcMap’s Network Analyst to Model Emergency Service Response Routes Dur...COGS Presentations
This capstone project used network analysis to model emergency service routes in Prince County, Prince Edward Island during heavy flooding. The author collected data on road networks, emergency services, and washed out bridges from various sources. Network analysis was used to calculate the fastest routes from emergency facilities to incidents, accounting for barriers from washed out bridges. The outputs included maps of routes, turn-by-turn directions, and a script displaying route details. Limitations included incomplete road and bridge closure data.
This document summarizes a project to create a web application with rental and amenity information for future students of the Centre of Geographic Sciences (COGS) using ArcGIS Online. The project team collected rental data, points of interest, and trail information. They performed network analysis to determine commute times from rentals to COGS by vehicle and walking. Finally, they built a web map with the data and customized it using ArcGIS Online and JavaScript APIs. The web application allows users to search information that will help in deciding where to live and what amenities are available near COGS.
The document describes using GRASS GIS to detect land cover change over 13 years at a mining site in British Columbia. Atmospherically corrected Landsat images from 2001-2014 were analyzed using image differencing of NDVI, TCT, and PCA outputs. Thresholding identified significant change areas. NDVI detected over 2300 ha of change, while TCT and PCA detected over 2000 ha. The open source and automated nature of GRASS GIS makes it suitable for replicable change detection.
The document discusses a community mapping project in Annapolis County, Nova Scotia led by the Age Advantage Association with support from COGS students. The project's objectives were to: 1) Consult with the Association to understand their needs; 2) Provide ArcGIS training to members; 3) Prepare and organize data; 4) Configure a prototype website to display the data; and 5) Develop documentation to guide the Association's future goals. Results included online maps of pre-confederation properties, post-confederation properties, and tourism sites. The importance of community mapping is that it empowers local residents to be involved in community planning and decision making.
This document discusses processing and analyzing ASTER data to identify porphyry copper deposits in southern Arizona. The author, Venessa Bennett, is working towards an Advanced Diploma in GIS with a concentration in remote sensing. The document focuses on using satellite imagery to locate potential mineral deposits in the region.
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Model for Prioritizing Catchments for Terrestrial Liming in NS
1. A Model for Prioritizing Catchments
for Terrestrial Liming in Nova Scotia
Marley Geddes
Gold River, Nova Scotia
AGEO Third Term Project, COGS
2. Overview
Key definitions
Background
Project Objectives
Project components
Model details
Model issues
Conclusions & Future work
Questions
West River, Nova Scotia
3. Key definitions
Catchment: Drainage area for a stream, or tributary,
where any drop of water will eventually flow into the
tributary.
Watershed: The complete drainage area for an entire
river network.
Pour Point: The point of highest flow accumulation. All
water of a drainage area will flow through this point.
4. Background:
Acidification is still a major issue in Nova Scotia &
it’s threatening the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations
Freshwater acidification is a persistent issue in
Nova Scotia (NS) (Clair et al., 2007).
Acidification is the most serious threat to local
Atlantic salmon populations which have declined
from 88% to 99% since the 1980’s (DFO, 2013).
More positively, the probability of salmon
extirpation is greatly reduced with habitat quality
improvements.
Natural recovery is not predicted to occur for
another 60 years (Clair et al., 2004).
Southern Upland (SU) salmon declines due
to chronic acidification
5. Rationale:
Terrestrial liming is a viable mitigation option
but we don’t know where to focus liming efforts
Liming, the addition of base cations to an acidified system, is the
only mitigation method for acidification.
Whole catchment terrestrial liming, the addition of base cations
to the entire catchment of an acidified river, targets toxic
aluminum mobilization and is thought to be a more sustainable
and cost-effective method compared to other liming methods.
The effectiveness of terrestrial liming varies by location
A terrestrial liming catchment selection framework for NS was
developed last year (Geddes, 2015) but it was difficult to use and
replicate.
(MTRI, 2014)
6. Catchment Selection Project Objectives
1. Create a workflow to prioritize catchments that have the most promise for
effective response in water quality with terrestrial liming that will best
support local salmon.
2. Provide an easy-to-use decision tool for prioritizing catchments by offering:
Simple models to automate the watershed delineation, suitability analysis and
prioritization tasks
A comprehensive user guide to support the use and modification of the project
components.
7. Catchment Selection Project: Components
Provides a complete package for the user
User friendly model interface(s) and
comprehensive user guide support a user
friendly experience
Model to Generate NS Flowline and Input
Data Preprocessing Model are
supplementary models that should not be
used unless changes are made to the
input
Catchment
Selection
Project
Input Data
Preprocessing
Model
Catchment
Selection
Model
Model to
Generate NS
Flowline
Project
Geodatabase
User Guide
9. Software and Data Requirements
Name Description Year last
update
Source
NS Watershed
Boundaries
Watershed boundaries for major NS watersheds and
remaining residual watersheds
2014 Nova Scotia Watershed Assessment Program
(NSWAP) geodatabase
Digital Elevation Model
(DEM)
Hydrologically correct 20m resolution DEM of NS 2006 Province of NS
Pour Points Point feature class containing the pour points for the
candidate liming catchments
n/a User created
Road Network Road Network for NS 2004 Nova Scotia Topographic Database (NSTBD)
– Province of NS
Lakes NS lakes n/a Nova Scotia Hydrologic Network derived
from the NSTBD
Wetlands NS wetlands 2006
Nova Scotia Department of Natural
Resources
Forestry Layer* Forestry inventory layer showing forest attributes for
stands across NS
2015
Crown Land Crown owned land in NS 2016
Wet Area Mapping
(WAM)*
WAM layer shows the depth to water table for all areas of
NS
2012
Acid Rock Drainage
(ARD) Potential*
ARD Potential layer shows areas of ARD risk primarily in
South Western Nova Scotia.
2013
Acidification ANC Layer Gran titration Acid Neutralization Capacity (ANC)
interpolated raster from NS stream measurements
2007 Thomas A. Clair, Environment Canada
*Layer is preprocessed in the Data Input Preprocessing Model and resulting output is input for the Catchment Selection Model
Software: ArcMap with ArcGIS Spatial Analyst Extension
Data Layers Used:
10. Project Geodatabase
Included in the geodatabase:
all input layers required
Includes the output layers from the Input Data
Preprocessing and Generate NS Flowline Models that
are inputs in the Catchment Selection Model
Toolbox contains the three models and a script tool
used in the Catchment Selection Model
11. Supplementary Models
Model to Generate NS Flowline
Generates a provincial flowline from an
input DEM
Flowline is referenced when creating the
catchment pour points
Intended for use if default DEM is changed.
Input Data Preprocessing Model
Automates the time-intensive geoprocessing
workflow for three input layers
Output layers are used as inputs in the
Catchment Selection Model
Allows the Catchment Selection model to run
more efficiently
12. Catchment Selection Model
The model objective is to prioritize user-defined
catchments within a target watershed to identify
the best catchment(s) for terrestrial liming.
Model is composed of three sections:
1. Target watershed selection and catchment
delineation
2. Selection criteria analysis and ranking
3. Criteria weighting and suitability scoring
13. Selection Criteria Summary
Name Description Priority Input Output
Suitable forest Stands that have a mean crown height greater than 10m or a stand
total merchantable volume of 50m3/ha are considered suitable.
Higher
percentage
Forest Inventory layer Percent suitable forest
field
Wetlands The percentage of area within the catchment. Lower
percentage
Wetlands layer Percent wetlands field
Crownland The percentage of crownland within the catchment. Higher
percentage
Crownland layer Percent Crownland Field
Acid Rock Drainage
(ARD) Potential
The percentage of catchment at risk to ARD. Lower
percentage
ARD Potential Percent high ARD
potential field
Connectivity Length from each catchment pour points to the target watershed
outlet pour point calculated as a straight line distance.
Less distance to
mouth of the
target watershed
Catchment pour points
Target Watershed
Outlet point
Connectivity field with
length from pour point to
outlet
Accessibility The length from each catchment pour point to the nearest road. Less distance to
nearest road
Catchment pour points
Road Network
Accessibility field with
length from pour point to
nearest road
Depth to Water
Table
The percentage of catchment with a depth of less than 2 meters to
the water table.
Higher
percentage
WAM layer Percent of area with < 2m
depth to water table
Acid Neutralization
Capacity (ANCG)
The mean ANCG (mg/L-1) Not included in
suitability score
ANCG interpolated
raster layer
Mean ANCG value per
catchment
Criteria that support effective liming, salmon populations and accessibility
Used to assess catchment suitability for terrestrial liming
Determined through stakeholder consultation
14. Catchment Selection Model Steps
User selects the target watershed
Catchments delineated based on input pour
point layer and logical check deletes erroneous
catchments
Selection Criteria are analyzed and the key
field joined to the catchment feature class.
Rank script tool is used to rank catchments
based on each criteria.
Suitability score is calculated as the sum of the
weighted ranks for each catchment.
15. Rank Catchments Script Tool
Objective of this tool is to create a rank field for each
criterion and populate it with catchment ranks.
Each criterion is sorted ascending or descending based on
if higher or lower values are of priority.
Rank the catchments based on order; ranked 1 to n where
n is the total.
Account for multiple zero values or all zero values
appropriately
Add a weight field to be populated in the model.
16. Results Example:
West River liming catchments
Catchment feature class attribute table
Criteria
Analysis
Ranks
Weights
Suitability
Score
17. Results Example:
West River liming catchments
Catchment feature class attribute table
Criteria
Analysis
Ranks
Weights
Suitability
Score
18. Results Example:
Gold River liming catchments
Catchment feature class attribute table
Criteria
Analysis
Ranks
Weights
Suitability
Score
20. Comprehensive User Guide
Developed to help community groups and other non-
GIS experts in implementing the model as a decision-
making tool.
Easy-to-use guide with simple terminology and
references to additional resources.
Provides step-by-step instructions with visuals
describing how to add and delete selection criteria
Describes how to solve common model errors
21. Catchment Selection Model Issues
1. Pour point creation and catchment
delineation when using different DEMs
2. Calculating connectivity
3. Incorporating the Rank Catchment Script Tool
in the Catchment Selection Model
22. Catchment Selection Model Issues
1. Pour point creation and catchment
delineation when using different DEMs
2. Calculating connectivity
3. Incorporating the Rank Catchment Script Tool
in the Catchment Selection Model
23. Catchment Selection Model Issues
1. Pour point creation and catchment
delineation when using different DEMs
2. Calculating connectivity
3. Incorporating the Rank Catchment Script
Tool in the Catchment Selection Model
24. Conclusions & Suggestions
Complete package for the prioritization of catchments for
terrestrial liming in Nova Scotia
Improves the catchment selection framework proposed by
Geddes (2015) by automating the workflow and providing a
simple user guide
Suggestions for future work:
Comparative analysis of different watershed delineation
methods using a variety of DEM’s to determine which most
accurately represents Nova Scotia’s hydrologic network.
Bridge the data limitations and gaps
More experimental liming studies are required to better
understand liming dynamics in NS
(National Geographic)
25. Thank you!
• David MacLean, Jim Verran and Mark Hebert with the
Centre of Geographic Sciences (COGS)
• Dr. Shannon Sterling and Dr. Tom Clair with the
Dalhousie Hydrology Research Group
• The Bluenose Coastal Action Foundation (BCAF)
• Ross Claytor, Shane O’Neil and Alex Levy with DFO
• Southern Upland Collaborative Projects Working Group
and Southern Upland Acid Mitigation Committee
Gold River, Nova Scotia
26. References
Clair, T. A., Dennis, I. F., Amiro, P. G. and Cosby, B.J. (2004). Past and future chemistry changes in
acidified Nova Scotian Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) rivers: A dynamic modeling approach. Canadian
Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 61(10), 1965-1975.
Clair, T. A., Dennis, I. F., Scruton, D. A. and Gilliss, M. (2007). Freshwater acidification research in
Atlantic Canada: A review of results and predictions for the future. Environmental Reviews, 15(1), 153-
167. doi:10.1139/A07-004
Clair, T. A. and Hindar, A. (2005). Liming for the mitigation of acid rain effects in freshwaters: A review
of recent results. Environmental Reviews, 13(3), 91-128. doi:10.1139/A05-009
DFO, D. o. (2013). Recovery potential assessment for Southern Upland Atlantic Salmon. DFO Can. Sci.
Advis. Sec. Sci. Advis. Rep. 2013/009.
Geddes, M. (2015). A New Method for Prioritizing Catchments for Terrestrial Liming in Nova Scotia.
Dalhousie University Environmental Science Undergraduate Honors Thesis.
Olem, H. (1991). Liming acidic surface waters. Chelsea, Mich.: Lewis Publishers.
Sterling, S., Angelidis, C., Armstrong, M., Biagi, K., Clair, T., Jackson, N., and Breen, A. (2014-a).
Terrestrial liming to promote Atlantic salmon recovery in Nova Scotia–approaches needed and knowledge
gained after a trial application. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 11(9), 10117-10156.
Sterling, S. M., Garroway, K., Guan, Y., Ambrose, S. M., Horne, P., and Kennedy, G. W. (2014-b). A new
watershed assessment framework for Nova Scotia: A high-level, integrated approach for regions without
a dense network of monitoring stations. Journal of Hydrology, 519, Part C(0), 2596-2612.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.063
-Describe the work briefly
-Describe an outline of the presentation:
Key definitions
Background information for context
Project objectives
Project components
More in-depth into one of the models which involved the bulk of the project
Issues
Conclusions / future work
A drainage area is the total surface area, upstream of a point on a stream, where the water from rain, snowmelt, or irrigation which is not absorbed into the ground flows over the ground surface, back into streams, to finally reach that point.
Chronic freshwater acidification is an issue in NS. We are known as the tail pipe of North America as we receive large amounts of acid deposition caused by the burning of fossil fuels in more industrialized regions in central north America.
Acid deposition is a particular issue in NS because of the low Acid Neutralizing Capacity (ANC; which is the bedrock and soils ability to buffer acidic inputs; see map where ANC is lowest).
Freshwater acidification reduces aquatic and terrestrial productivity by lowering pH, stripping base cations and nutrients from the soils, increases metal concentrations and lowering calcium concentrations.
Despite the reduction in emissions with the US Clean Air Act in the early 1990’s, water quality in NS has not improved and recovery is not predicted for another 60 years.
Liming, the addition of base cations to an acidified system, is the only mitigation method for acidification.
There are two main methods of liming, in stream liming ( which is the addition of base cations directly to the waters of an acidified stream) and terrestrial liming, the addition of base cations to the drainage area of an acidified stream.
Terrestrial liming increases freshwater and terrestrial productivity by increasing pH and nutrients and decreasing metal concentrations.
The federal government and community groups (who would be leading the liming initiatives) are interested in terrestrial liming because it is a more sustainable and potentially more cost effective method. Terrestrial liming is more sustainable because you can apply the lime to the catchment and walk away without the need for expensive maintenance.
European studies show that one terrestrial liming application can improve water quality for decades but that the effectiveness varies greatly by location (i.e. Yan et al., 1995; Hindar et al., 2003).
Selecting a catchment that supports effective liming is key in NS because of:
limited resources
the urgency to improve habitat quality for salmon populations
Widespread nature of the problem.
A terrestrial liming catchment prioritization framework for NS was developed last year (Geddes, 2015) but it was difficult to use and replicate.
The overarching objective of this project is to decrease the probability of extirpation of Nova Scotia salmon by increasing the effectiveness of terrestrial liming by providing an information tool for identifying locations that best support effective liming and a positive increase in local salmon populations.
The catchment selection project components include:
A project geodatabase that will contain all necessary input layers
Three models, two of which (the model to generate NS flowline and the input data preprocessing model), are used to create inputs for the Catchment Selection Model.
And a comprehensive user guide to support the models use and modification by non-expert users.
Considers 245 major watersheds in Nova Scotia and does not consider the residual drainage area
This project requires ArcMap with ArcGIS Spatial Analyst extension.
The data layers listed in this table are provided within the project geodatabase.
The three support the watershed delineation process while the remaining eight are used to assess catchment suitability.
One layer to make note of is the pour point layer, which is created by the user. The pour point layer is used in the delineation of the catchments that will be prioritized.
The file provided to groups will contain the project file geodatabase. The file geodatabase contains all input layers for the three models. In addition it includes the output layer from the Input Data Preprocessing Model and the Model to Generate NS Flowline that are inputs to the Catchment Selection Model.
The toolbox contains the three models and the Rank Catchments Script tool.
In addition to what you see here the python script source for the script tool, a map to which the results will be displayed and a user guide will be provided.
The model to generate NS flowline generates a provincial river network from an input DEM. The river network referenced when creating the catchment pour point file MUST BE THE RIVER NETWORK GENERATED FROM THE DEM USED FOR THE CATCHMENT DELINEATION or the pour points may not be located correctly and the delineation will fail.
This model is only intended to be used if the user is going to change the DEM. I have already ran this model, which takes ~3 hours, so the river network provided with the project is derived from the input DEM.
The Data Input Preprocessing Model automates some time-intensive geoprocessing of layers that are used in the Catchment Selection Model. This model takes approximately 15 minutes to run and is separated from the main Catchment Selection Model to allow it to run more smoothly.
These output layers are already provided in the project geodatabase therefore this model should not have to run unless the input layers are updated.
Describe what the user inputs are and expected output.
Inputs include a watershed layer that allows the user to select the target watershed, pour points (defined by the user) that supports the delineation of the candidate catchments and the selection criteria layers that are either the raw unprocessed layers or the output from the input data preprocessing model (e.g. forestry layers and crownland).
The output of the catchment selection model is a catchment layer containing information about the selection criteria, ranks, weights and total suitability score for each of the catchments. A lyr file is used to ensure that a simple gradient scheme is used o identify the more suitable catchments as a dark green and the least suitable catchments as red (examples of the output will be shown later).
The selection criteria listed here are used to assess the catchments suitability for terrestrial liming
The criteria are selected if they support effective liming, the salmon population or accessibility for water quality monitoring.
Higher priority is given to catchments that have:
Higher proportions of suitable forest which uptake less base cations which supports more effective water quality improvements.
Lower proportions of wetlands which are naturally acidic and can be damaged from terrestrial liming.
Higher proportions of crownland in which permission for liming in more easily granted.
Lower proportion of area at risk to Acid Rock Drainage (ARD) which are areas underlain by bedrock containing sulphide minerals that will leach sulphuric acid when exposed to air or water.
Catchments closer to the mouth of the main river are of higher priority. This is because salmon are anadromous meaning that they travel up the stream from the ocean to breed in freshwater rivers therefore catchments closer to the mouth of the river are more accessibility to salmon and are of higher priority.
Accessibility to the pour point of the liming catchment is important for monitoring water quality within the catchment.
Areas with less depth to the water table is ideal for terrestrial liming as it supports a more immediate change in water quality.
I also looked at the Acid Neutralization Capacity (ANC) for each catchment. ANC measures how well the bedrock and soils can buffer, or offset, acidic inputs. Thus catchments with low ANC are likely more acidic. This was not used directly in the suitability analysis because the interpolated raster layer has a poor resolution of 250 meters and the differences in ANC between catchments at this scale are not significant.
The catchment selection model is quite large so it’s impossible to show via power point with any sort of clarity so I’ve created this flow chart to show the logic of the model.
I’ve split the model into six logical steps, each step is listed in blue on the left and the tools used are listed on the right.
I’m going to walk you through each of these steps:
The user will select the target watershed from the watershed boundary layer containing 245 watersheds.
The watershed is buffered (to account for errors in the watershed boundary layer) and the DEM is clipped to the target watershed.
The candidate liming catchments are delineated using Spatial Analyst Hydrology tools
The candidate liming catchment pour point layer, created prior to running the model, is the input pour points for the delineation
A logical error check will select catchments with an area less than 10,000 m2 and will delete the catchment. Catchments less than 10,000 m2 are not suitable for liming and are likely to be delineated from errors in the pour point placement.
Seven selection criteria are analyzed. Most of the selection criteria involve similar geoprocessing to calculate the percentage of the catchment that is suitable according to that criteria and that field is joined to the catchment feature class (this involves the tools in the first two lines). Two selection criteria, connectivity and accessibility, use the near tool to identify the distance from the catchment pour point to the main river outlet and the distance from the catchment pour point to the nearest road, respectively.
The end result of the selection criterion analysis is the addition of seven criteria fields to the catchment feature class attribute table
The catchments are then ranked based on each of the selection criteria. Unfortunately there are no simple geoprocessing tools in ArcMap to do this processing so I created a Rank Catchment Script tool to do this processing. I go through the details of this script tool on the next slide. The output from this is the addition of 14 new fields, 7 contain populated ranks based on each of the criterion and the other 7 contain empty criteria weight fields.
The criteria weights are determined by user input based on the importance of each weight in determining catchment suitability for terrestrial liming.
Lastly the total suitability for each catchment is calculated as the sum of the weighted ranks. The catchments with a higher suitability score are of higher priority.
Selection criteria are analyzed and the key field joined to the catchment feature class
This flow chart describes the workflow of the rank catchment script tool. The input to the tool is the catchment feature class layer with the selection criterion fields.
It is easiest to explain the script workflow by walking through an example using the suitable forest criterion.
So the input is the catchment feature class layer with the selection criteria fields including the percent of suitable forest field.
First the a rank field for suitable forest is added to the catchment feature class layer
The catchment feature class is sorted ASCENDING based on the percent of suitable of forest
(catchments lower percentages of suitable forest to catchments with more suitable forests)
Populate the forest rank field in order assigning 1 to n
IF the criterion field has multiple zeros or all zeros, then account for that appropriately.
Add a weight field for the criterion to be populated later in the model
Move on to the next criterion.
Account for multiple zero values or all zero values appropriately
IF there are multiple zeros then the zero values would be assigned the same rank value and all other rank values would be reduced by 1.
IF there are all zeros, then assign the whole rank field a value of 0 so it will not be used for prioritization.
After this script tool is ran the criterion weight fields are populated based on user-input and the suitability score is calculated as the sum of the weighted criterion.
Example with equal weights
Example with UNequal weights
Example with UNequal weights
Using different DEMs can generate different flowlines. Although the flowlines are not vastly different, the differences are significant at the catchment level and when creating catchment pour points.
As you can see from the picture, the pour point created in reference to the original DEM would not properly delineate the intended catchment if the reconditioned DEM is used in the Catchment Selection Model.
To avoid this issue the flowline referenced when creating the pour points must be the same as the DEM used in the model. The Model to Generate NS Flowline was created to help non-expert users create a flowlines easily for different DEMs.
The connectivity of a catchment is typically measured as the length of stream from the catchment pour point to the outlet of the main river. Although this length could quickly be calculated using Network Analyst, I am assuming that the local community groups do not have the Network Analyst license.
In an attempt to provide the most accurate results I attempted to create a script tool to measure connectivity.
The logic of the script tool involved the calculation of the stream segments from the outlet point to each of the pour points and then storing that information in the associated catchments attribute table.
Although this logic seems simple, after a day of attempting to write this script it turned out to be a lot harder then thought. Instead I used the near tool as a proxy for connectivity but this does not always provide accurate results.
In this example you can see that the relative connectivity of pour point B and C are not consistent between the two measures of connectivity. Because of this I suggest a lower weight for the connectivity measurement or that the user calculate this by hand to support more accurate results.
The Rank Catchment Script Tool was difficult to incorporate into the Catchment Selection Model. The Script Tool did not originally have an output feature layer and therefore it could not be set as a precondition for the calculation of the selection criteria weights.
The Rank Catchment Script Tool has to be ran prior to the calculate criteria weights because this process calculates fields created in the script tool. To solve this problem I created a ‘dummy’ output to allow the setting of preconditions.
Data limitations:
Update the invasive species database DFO has an invasive species database but it only contains ~ 250 records of small mouth bass and chain pickerel sightings by the public dating back to the 1950’s. Unverified and clearly outdated.
Critical salmon habitat in NS
More recent and accurate provincial wide water quality data
Improve understanding of terrestrial liming in NS:\
How do different environmental factors impact the effectiveness of terrestrial liming.
Examination of aluminum dynamics in NS to pinpoint Critical Source Areas for toxic aluminum?