Mobile apps are programs designed to run on mobile devices like smartphones and tablets. There are three main types - native apps written for a specific platform, web apps that run in a mobile browser, and hybrid apps that are native apps with a web view component. Native apps have direct access to device features but must be developed for each platform separately, while web apps can be used across platforms but have limited features. Popular mobile platforms include Android, iOS, and Windows Phone, each with their own programming languages, SDKs, and IDEs for app development. Mobile UIs are optimized for touchscreens and mobility with gestures, simple designs, and standard interface elements.

1. Програмування під
мобільні платформи

2. Що таке мобільна програма?
• Програма, яка виконується на мобільному
пристрої: смартфоні чи планшеті
• Доступна для користувача в будь-якому
місці і в будь-який час
• Має вузький набір функцій

3. Мобільні платформи набирають
популярність

4. Мобільні платформи набирають
популярність

5. Мобільні програми набирають
популярність

6. Види мобільних програм
• Productivity • Location-based
• Utilities • Games and
• Social networking entertainment
• Communication • Enterprise
• Content browsing, • …
• Media

7. Типи мобільних програм
• Native apps
• Web apps
• Hybrid

8. Native apps
• Compiled binary deployed to device
• Use native framework
• Access to all device-specific features

9. Web apps
• Web-site displayed in mobile browser
• HTML5, CSS, Javascript
• Frameworks: jQuery mobile, Sencha Touch,
etc.
• Can imitate native UI
• Can hide browser controls and be added to
device screen alongside with other apps

10. Native vs. Web
Native Web
• Better performance, compiled code • Single app for all platforms
• Responsive native UI • Less development and lower cost
• Can work offline, require less • No need to publish to app market (no
bandwidth usage review process)
• Access to all device-specific features • Don’t have to be installed
(camera, motion sensors, location • Easy to update
services, contacts, calendar, local
storage, etc.)
• Distribution through app markets

11. Hybrid apps
• Native app combined with web view
component (“shell apps”)
• Frameworks: PhoneGap, Appcelerator
Titanium

12. Основні мобільні ОС
• Android
• iOS
• Windows Phone 7
• Windows 8 (!) – not released yet
• Інші (менш популярні та ті, що втрачають позиції):
Symbian, Blackberry OS, Samsung Bada, Meego, HP WebOS,
Windows Mobile, …

13. Native apps development on
different platforms
Android iOS Windows Phone 7
Desktop OS for Windows Mac OS X Windows
development Mac OS X
Linux
Main programming Java Objective-C C#
language
Framework Android Application Cocoa Touch .NET/Silverlight
Framework
IDE Eclipse Xcode Visual Studio

14. C# and Mobile Development
• Windows Phone 7 native apps
• Windows 8 RT – native Metro UI apps for
tablets
• iOS/Android/WP7 development with Xamarin
• Back-end web-services for mobile apps with
.NET

15. Xamarin
• Based on Mono project
• MonoTouch, Mono for Android, .NET
• Allows to share business logic code
• UI code is platform-dependent
• Costs money ($ 399 for individuals and small
companies, $999 for enterprise per platform)
http://xamarin.com/

16. Windows Phone 7 and Windows 8
RT
• C#, .NET, SilverLight
• Metro UI
• Visual Studio + SDK
• Simulator

17. Процес розробки
• SDK
• IDE
• Simulator
• Device

18. App Distribution
• Publish to app market (App Store, Google
Play, Windows Marketplace)
• Ad-hoc distribution for in-house enterprise
apps

19. Особливості мобільних програм
• Mobile device is not desktop!
• Hardware constraints:
Memory size, CPU speed, battery life, small screen,
network availability
• Different UI and interaction

20. Mobile UI
• Small screen
• Touch interface, gestures
• Consistency
• Simplicity, focus on content and task
• Specific UI elements

21. Mobile UI: Small Screen
• User interacts with single app at a time
• Apps usually have single window
• Use hierarchical structure to browse content,
animated transition between screens
• Device orientation can change

22. Mobile UI: Gestures
• Tap
• Pinch in and out
• Pan or drag
• Swipe
• Rotate
• Touch and hold
• Shake

23. Mobile UI: Consistency
• Provide native OS user experience
• Adhere to human interface guidelines
• http://developer.android.com/design/index.html
• http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/MobileHIG/Int
roduction/Introduction.html
• http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh202915(v=vs.92)
• Correctly use standard controls and icons
• Application consistency within itself

24. UI Elements (iOS)
Similar to desktop (but adjusted for touch
interaction):
• Button • Slider
• Label • Activity indicator
• Text field • Progress view
• Text view • Alert
• Web view

25. UI Elements (iOS)
• Segmented control
• Switch
• Stepper
• Search bar
• Network activity indicator

26. UI Elements (iOS)
• Navigation bar
• Toolbar
• Tab bar

27. UI Elements (iOS)
• Table view (plain and grouped)

28. UI Elements (iOS)
• Popover (iPad only)

29. UI Elements (iOS)
• Split view (iPad only)

30. UI Elements (iOS)
• Action sheet
• Picker

31. Application lifecycle (iOS)

32. Multitasking and background
execution
• Apps are moved to background
instead of quit
• Required to handle interruptions
and state transitions
• Limited ability of running in
background
• Apps in background can be killed
by OS during low memory
conditions

33. Moving to background

34. Device and features
• Multi-touch
• Sensors: accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer
• Media (audio & video playback and recording)
• Camera
• GPS and location
• Networking
• Local storage: file system, SQLite, ORMs
• OpenGL ES