Mixed methods research involves collecting and analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data within a single study. It originated in the social sciences and has expanded to fields like nursing. There are multiple mixed methods research designs including sequential explanatory, sequential exploratory, concurrent triangulation, and concurrent transformative. These designs differ in whether the quantitative and qualitative components are conducted sequentially or concurrently, and whether one method has priority over the other. The purpose is to develop a more comprehensive understanding than a single method could provide alone.

1. Mixed
method
research
Prof. Naveen Pareek
Ph.D. Scholar in Nsg.

3. Mixed methods research :-
Mixed methods research is a methodology for conducting
research that involves collecting, analyzing and
integrating quantitative and qualitative research.
The term “mixed methods” refers to an emergent
methodology of research that advances the systematic
integration, or “mixing,” of quantitative and qualitative data
within a single investigation or sustained program of
inquiry.

4. Historical Ground :-
Mixed methods research originated in the social sciences
and has recently expanded into the health and medical
sciences including fields such as nursing, family medicine,
social work, mental health, pharmacy, allied health, and
others. In the last decade, its procedures have been
developed and refined to suit a wide variety of research
questions (Creswell and Plano Clark, 2011).

5. characteristics of mixed
methods study :-
 Collecting and analyzing both quantitative and qualitative
data.
 ensuring the appropriate sample size for quantitative and
qualitative analysis.
 Integrating the data during data collection, analysis, or
discussion.
 Using procedures that implement qualitative and
quantitative components
 Framing the procedures within philosophical/theoretical
models of research

6. Uses of Mixed Methods
Research Designs
 To explain and interpret.
 To explore a phenomenon.
 To develop and test a new instrument.
 To serve a theoretical perspective.
 To complement the strengths of a single design.
 To overcome the weaknesses of a single design.
 To address a question at different levels.
 To address a theoretical perspective at different levels.

7. Mixed Methods Research
Process Model
 Interpretation of data;
 Analysis of data;
 Collection of data;
 Selection of mixed method or mixed-model research
design;
 Determining the research question;
 Determining whether a mixed research procedure is
appropriate;
 Legitimization of data; and
 Drawing conclusions and writing the final report.

8. Mixed Methods Design
Strategies:-
 Sequential Explanatory
 Sequential Exploratory
 Sequential Transformative
 Concurrent Triangulation
 Concurrent Nested
 Concurrent Transformative

9. 1.Sequential Explanatory:-
This design involves the collection and analysis of
quantitative data followed by the collection and analysis of
qualitative data.
When to use it?
 To help explain, interpret or contextualize quantitative
findings.
 To examine in more detail unexpected results from a
quantitative study.
Strengths:
 Easy to implement because the steps fall into clear separate
stages.
 The design is easy to describe and the results easy to report.
Weaknesses:
 Requires a substantial length of time to complete all data
collection given the two separate phases.

10. 2. Sequential Exploratory
qualitative data collection and analysis is followed by quantitative data collection and
analysis. The priority is given to the qualitative aspect of the study, and the findings are
integrated during the interpretation phase of the study.
When to use it?
 To explore a phenomenon and to expand on qualitative findings.
 To test elements of an emergent theory resulting from the qualitative research.
 To generalize qualitative findings to different samples in order to determine the distribution
of a phenomenon within a chosen population.
 To develop and test a new instrument
Strengths:
 Easy to implement because the steps fall into clear, separate stages.
 The design is easy to describe and the results easy to report.
Weaknesses:
 Requires a substantial length of time to complete all data collection given the two separate
phases.
 It may be difficult to build from the qualitative analysis to the subsequent data collection.

11. 3.Concurrent triangulation
only one data collection phase is used, during which quantitative and qualitative data
collection and analysis are conducted separately yet concurrently. The findings are integrated
during the interpretation phase of the study. Usually, equal priority is given to both types of
research.
When to use it?
 To develop a more complete understanding of a topic or phenomenon.
 To cross-validate or corroborate findings.
Strengths:
 Provides well-validated and substantiated findings.
 Compared to sequential designs, data collection takes less time.
Weaknesses:
 Requires great effort and expertise to adequately use two separate methods at the same
time.
 It can be difficult to compare the results of two analysis using data of different forms.
 It may be unclear how to resolve discrepancies that arise while comparing the results.
 Given that data collection is conducted concurrently, results of one method (e.g., interview)
cannot be integrated in the other method (e.g., survey).

12. 4. Concurrent nested
 In this design only one data collection phase is used,
during which a predominant method (quantitative or
qualitative) nests or embeds the other less priority
method (qualitative or quantitative, respectively).

13. 5.Sequential Transformative:-
It has two data distinct data collection phases. One following the
other as in the first two strategies described.
When to use it?
to best serve the theoretical perspective of the researcher.
To better advocate for participants
To better understand a phenomenon
Strengths:
This strategy is more appealing and acceptable to those
researchers who already using a transformative framework.
This design place mixed method research within a
transformative framework.
Weakness:
little guidance on how to use the transformative vision to guide
the methods .

14. 6.Concurrent Transformative:-
Two or more methods used to confirm, cross-validate, or
corroborate findings within a study. Data collection
is concurrent.
Characterized by:
The use of a theoretical perspective reflected in the
purpose or research questions of the study to guide all
methodological choices.
Purpose:
Generally, both methods are used to overcome a
weakness in using one method with the strengths of
another.
To evaluate a theoretical perspective at different levels of
analysis.