Microsoft Office\'s Excel application allows users to store, model and manipulate data sets.
Excel spreadsheets organize this data into worksheets, each with a number of rows and columns.
Excel provides a range of automated functions for working with these stored data values,
including the chart function. Once data is stored in an Excel spreadsheet, anyone with access to
that spreadsheet can manipulate the data in order to analyze and communicate its meaning. The
charting function can be a key element in these processes.
Charts enforce the following objectives :
Visualization
Excel charts allow spreadsheet administrators to create visualizations of data sets. By
highlighting a set of data within an Excel spreadsheet and feeding it into the charting tool, users
can create various types of charts in which the data is displayed in a graphical way. This can aid
understanding of a data set, as well as communication of it, with Excel charts suitable for use
within management or corporate presentations allowing managers to incorporate this
understanding into analysis and future planning.
Automation
The Excel application automates the process of generating charts from existing data sets. If a
spreadsheet already contains updated data, the chart function can transform this data into a chart
with a minimal amount of user input. The Recommended Charts tool in Excel is a key part of
this process. Using the chart function, spreadsheet administrators can generate a chart in a few
clicks, choosing a chart type, as well as options such as labels, axes and titles.
Customization
The chart function in Excel enables users to strike a balance between automation and
customization. Although the program can generate a chart quickly and easily, the user is also
able to assert control over many chart details if necessary. As well as customizing the data
presented within a chart, users can finely tweak the chart options to any detail. Charts in Excel
can also be altered after they have been initially generated, by selecting a chart and choosing
from the available options to amend the chart type, data or other details.
Integration
If a business or other organization is using spreadsheet data managed within Excel, using the
chart function within Excel aids integration of the data. For example, when an Excel spreadsheet
generates a chart from the data within a worksheet, the chart will automatically update whenever
the data itself is edited. This allows business managers and administrators to manage their data
and visualizations within a single application, with the results updating instantly.
Aggregating Data
Worksheet charts enable you to condense or summarize large amounts of data within a small,
rectangular section of your worksheet. For instance, you could create a worksheet with rows and
columns containing ten years of stock closing prices that would leave you glassy-eyed and numb
if you tried to analyze them. Instead, use Excel\'s charting tools to create a line or.
The Art of Data Visualization in Microsoft Excel for Mac.pdfTEWMAGAZINE
As more people turn to the internet and electronic gadgets for their source of information, you can expect data to increase exponentially daily. Data is a result of sharing, collecting, and transmitting information.
RS Trainings: is a brand and providing quality online and offline trainings for students in world wide. Rs Trainings providing Best DataScience online training in Hyderabad
The Art of Data Visualization in Microsoft Excel for Mac.pdfTEWMAGAZINE
As more people turn to the internet and electronic gadgets for their source of information, you can expect data to increase exponentially daily. Data is a result of sharing, collecting, and transmitting information.
RS Trainings: is a brand and providing quality online and offline trainings for students in world wide. Rs Trainings providing Best DataScience online training in Hyderabad
Introduction to Spreadsheet, Features of Spreadsheet, Cell reference, Format cells, Data Validation, Protecting Sheets, Data Analysis in Excel: Sort, Filter, Conditional Formatting, Preparing Charts, Pivot Table, What if Analysis (Goal seek, Scenario manager), Financial Functions: NPV, PMT, PV, FV, Rate, IRR, DB, SLN, SYD. Logical Functions: IF, AND, OR, Lookup Functions: V Lookup, H Lookup, Mathematical functions and text functions
Advanced Excel is a spreadsheet application. It is a spreadsheet tool capable of performing high-end calculations, analyzing complex data, and integrating information from different programs.
primary london forces It is not covalent bondin.pdfdavid16271
primary london forces It is not covalent bonding, because the CO2 molecules do
not form covalent bonds with each other. Within the CO2 molecules, however, there are C=O
covalent bonds. But that is intramolecular No ions, no ionic bonding no metals, no ionic
bonding structure of CO2: O=C=O, a linear molecule, no net dipole, so no dipole-dipole
interactions
Solution
primary london forces It is not covalent bonding, because the CO2 molecules do
not form covalent bonds with each other. Within the CO2 molecules, however, there are C=O
covalent bonds. But that is intramolecular No ions, no ionic bonding no metals, no ionic
bonding structure of CO2: O=C=O, a linear molecule, no net dipole, so no dipole-dipole
interactions.
Introduction to Spreadsheet, Features of Spreadsheet, Cell reference, Format cells, Data Validation, Protecting Sheets, Data Analysis in Excel: Sort, Filter, Conditional Formatting, Preparing Charts, Pivot Table, What if Analysis (Goal seek, Scenario manager), Financial Functions: NPV, PMT, PV, FV, Rate, IRR, DB, SLN, SYD. Logical Functions: IF, AND, OR, Lookup Functions: V Lookup, H Lookup, Mathematical functions and text functions
Advanced Excel is a spreadsheet application. It is a spreadsheet tool capable of performing high-end calculations, analyzing complex data, and integrating information from different programs.
Similar to Microsoft Offices Excel application allows users to store, model a.pdf (20)
primary london forces It is not covalent bondin.pdfdavid16271
primary london forces It is not covalent bonding, because the CO2 molecules do
not form covalent bonds with each other. Within the CO2 molecules, however, there are C=O
covalent bonds. But that is intramolecular No ions, no ionic bonding no metals, no ionic
bonding structure of CO2: O=C=O, a linear molecule, no net dipole, so no dipole-dipole
interactions
Solution
primary london forces It is not covalent bonding, because the CO2 molecules do
not form covalent bonds with each other. Within the CO2 molecules, however, there are C=O
covalent bonds. But that is intramolecular No ions, no ionic bonding no metals, no ionic
bonding structure of CO2: O=C=O, a linear molecule, no net dipole, so no dipole-dipole
interactions.
its v simple salt water contains salt n fresh wat.pdfdavid16271
its v simple salt water contains salt n fresh water does not contain any type of salt
Solution
its v simple salt water contains salt n fresh water does not contain any type of salt.
We now prove for every finite-dimensional complex vector space V an.pdfdavid16271
We now prove: for every finite-dimensional complex vector space V and every linear
map T : V V , there exists an ordered basis X of V such that [T]X is a Jordan canonical
form.
The proof is by induction on n = dim(V ). For n = 0 and n = 1, the result follows
immediately. Now assume n > 1 and the result is already known for all complex vector
spaces of smaller dimension than n.
Pick a fixed eigenvalue c of the given linear map T, and let v 6= 0 be an associated
eigenvector. Let U = T c IdV , where IdV denotes the identity map on V .
Applying
Fitting’s lemma to the linear map U, we get a direct sum V = Z W ; where Z and W are
U-invariant (hence also T-invariant) subspaces of V such that U|Z is nilpotent and U|W is
an isomorphism. On one hand, U|Z is nilpotent, so we know there is an ordered basis X1 of
Z and a partition of the integer k = dim(Z) such that [U|Z]X1 = J(0; ).
It follows that
[T|Z]X1 = [U|Z + c IdZ]X1 = [U|Z]X1 + [c IdZ]X1 = J(0; ) + cIk = J(c; ).
On the other hand, v cannot lie in W, since otherwise U|W(v) = U(v) = 0 = U|W(0)
contradicts the fact that U|W is an isomorphism. So W 6= V , forcing dim(W) < dim(V ).
By the induction hypothesis, there exists an ordered basis X2 of W such that [U|W]X2 is a
Jordan canonical form matrix J1. By the same calculation used above, we see that [T|W]X2
is the matrix J2 obtained from J1 by adding c to every diagonal entry. This new matrix is
also a Jordan canonical form. Finally, taking X to be the concatenation of X1 and X2, we
know X is an ordered basis of V such that [T]X = blk-diag(J(c; ), J2). This matrix is a
Jordan canonical form, so the induction proof is complete.
The existence of Jordan canonical forms for linear maps implies the existence of Jordan
canonical forms for matrices, as follows. Given A Mn(C), let T : Cn Cn be the linear
map defined by T(v) = Av for all column vectors v Cn. Choose an ordered basis X of Cn
such that J = [T]X is a Jordan canonical form. We know J = P1AP for some invertible
P Mn(C), so A is similar to a Jordan canonical form.
We should also point out that the only special feature of the field C needed in thisproof was that
every linear map on an n-dimensional C-vector space (with n > 0) has an eigenvalue in C. This
follows from the fact that all non-constant polynomials in C[x] split into products of linear
factors. The Jordan canonical form theorem extends to any field F
having the latter property (such fields are called algebraically closed).
Solution
We now prove: for every finite-dimensional complex vector space V and every linear
map T : V V , there exists an ordered basis X of V such that [T]X is a Jordan canonical
form.
The proof is by induction on n = dim(V ). For n = 0 and n = 1, the result follows
immediately. Now assume n > 1 and the result is already known for all complex vector
spaces of smaller dimension than n.
Pick a fixed eigenvalue c of the given linear map T, and let v 6= 0 be an associated
eigenvector. Let U = T c IdV , where IdV denotes the .
The three friends have one apple pieEd eats 12Remaining = 12.pdfdavid16271
The three friends have one apple pie
Ed eats 1/2
Remaining = 1/2
Sue eats 1/2 of remaining = 1/2(1/2) = 1/4
Remaining = 1/4
Bill eats 1/2 of 1/4 = 1/8
Remaining = 1/8
Hence Ed ate 1/2, Sue ate 1/4, and Bill ate 1/8. Left over = 1/8
Solution
The three friends have one apple pie
Ed eats 1/2
Remaining = 1/2
Sue eats 1/2 of remaining = 1/2(1/2) = 1/4
Remaining = 1/4
Bill eats 1/2 of 1/4 = 1/8
Remaining = 1/8
Hence Ed ate 1/2, Sue ate 1/4, and Bill ate 1/8. Left over = 1/8.
The Most basic duty is to treat humanity, both in your own person, a.pdfdavid16271
The Most basic duty is to treat humanity, both in your own person, and in the person of every
other, always at the same time as an end, never simply as a means.
The two main duties that derive from it are:
(1) the perfect duty to act on no maxims that use people as mere means.
(2) the imperfect duty to act on some maxims that foster peoples’ ends.
Solution
The Most basic duty is to treat humanity, both in your own person, and in the person of every
other, always at the same time as an end, never simply as a means.
The two main duties that derive from it are:
(1) the perfect duty to act on no maxims that use people as mere means.
(2) the imperfect duty to act on some maxims that foster peoples’ ends..
The answer is main bronchi. The trachea bifurcates into the right an.pdfdavid16271
The answer is main bronchi. The trachea bifurcates into the right and left main bronchi
Solution
The answer is main bronchi. The trachea bifurcates into the right and left main bronchi.
The Euclidean four-point model with a line that intersects only one .pdfdavid16271
The Euclidean four-point model with a line that intersects only one of the points satisfies this.
Solution
The Euclidean four-point model with a line that intersects only one of the points satisfies this..
Session and Presentation Layers are the two OSI layers are missing f.pdfdavid16271
Session and Presentation Layers are the two OSI layers are missing from 5-layer TCP/IP network
model.
Option e is correct choice.
Solution
Session and Presentation Layers are the two OSI layers are missing from 5-layer TCP/IP network
model.
Option e is correct choice..
Given that S is a subset of TThis implies that any element is in S.pdfdavid16271
Given that S is a subset of T
This implies that any element is in S implies that element is in T also.
Supremum of S is the least element of upper bound of S.
As S is contained in T, Supremum of S can be either supremum of T also if there is no other
element in T-S such that it is greater than S.
Otherwise T will have a greater supremum than that of S
Hence it follow s that supremum of S<= Supremum of T.
In other words, in any case it cannot exceed that of T
------------------------------------------------------------------
Infremum of T is the maximum of least bounds of T.
As S is contained in T, infremum of T will also be the least for all elements of S though not
necessarily the maximum.
If maximum of least upper bounds of S coincide with that of T then inf T = inf S
Otherwise inf T<= inf S
Solution
Given that S is a subset of T
This implies that any element is in S implies that element is in T also.
Supremum of S is the least element of upper bound of S.
As S is contained in T, Supremum of S can be either supremum of T also if there is no other
element in T-S such that it is greater than S.
Otherwise T will have a greater supremum than that of S
Hence it follow s that supremum of S<= Supremum of T.
In other words, in any case it cannot exceed that of T
------------------------------------------------------------------
Infremum of T is the maximum of least bounds of T.
As S is contained in T, infremum of T will also be the least for all elements of S though not
necessarily the maximum.
If maximum of least upper bounds of S coincide with that of T then inf T = inf S
Otherwise inf T<= inf S.
Na2so4.10H20is a limiting reagent n is the no.of moles of limiting r.pdfdavid16271
Na2so4.10H20is a limiting reagent n is the no.of moles of limiting reagent which is
5.52/molecular weight
Solution
Na2so4.10H20is a limiting reagent n is the no.of moles of limiting reagent which is
5.52/molecular weight.
Structure of Each Type of linked listSingly Linked Liststruct .pdfdavid16271
Structure of Each Type of linked list:
Singly Linked List:
struct SLList{
int data;
SLList *next;
}
Doubly Linked List:
struct DLList{
int data;
DLList *next;
DLList *previous;
}
Circular Linked List: same as Singly Linked List or Doubly Linked List (Circular Linked List
can be singly or doubly)
In singly linked lists and doubly linked lists the end of lists are indicated with NULL value. But
circular linked list do not have ends. While travering the circular lists we sould be careful
otherwise we will be travering the list infinitely.
In circular linked list we access the elements using the \'head\' node (similar to head node in
singly linked list and doubly linked lists).
Singly Linked List:
- Singly linked list allows you to go one way direction
- Singly linked list uses less memory per node (one pointer)
- There is a little-known trick that lets you delete from a singly-linked list in O(1), but the list
must be circular for it to work (move the content of next into the current, and delete next).
- Complexity of Insertion and Deletion at known position is O (n).
- If we need to save memory in need to update node values frequently and searching is not
required, we can use Singly Linked list.
Doubly Linked List:
- Doubly linked list has two way directions next and previous
- Doubly linked list uses More memory per node than Singly Linked list (two pointers)
- Doubly-linked lists can be used in places where singly-linked lists would not work (a doubly-
ended queue), but they require slightly more \"housekeeping\", and are slightly less efficient on
insertions as the result
- Complexity of Insertion and Deletion at known position is O (1).
- If we need faster performance in searching and memory is not a limitation we use Doubly
Linked List
Application of List:
- Both Singly and Doubly List:
It is used to develop stacks and queues which have lots of applications.
- Circular Linked List:
Round Robin Scheduling algorithm - Circular lists are useful in applications to repeatedly go
around the list. For example, when multiple applications are running on a PC, it is common for
the operating system to put the running applications on a list and then to cycle through them,
giving each of them a slice of time to execute, and then making them wait while the CPU is
given to another application. It is convenient for the operating system to use a circular list so that
when it reaches the end of the list it can cycle around to the front of the list.
Solution
Structure of Each Type of linked list:
Singly Linked List:
struct SLList{
int data;
SLList *next;
}
Doubly Linked List:
struct DLList{
int data;
DLList *next;
DLList *previous;
}
Circular Linked List: same as Singly Linked List or Doubly Linked List (Circular Linked List
can be singly or doubly)
In singly linked lists and doubly linked lists the end of lists are indicated with NULL value. But
circular linked list do not have ends. While travering the circular lists we sould be careful
otherwise we will b.
reference articel used in this essayKumar, S., & Preetha, G. (2012.pdfdavid16271
reference articel used in this essay
Kumar, S., & Preetha, G. (2012). Health Promotion: An Effective Tool for Global Health. Indian
Journal of Community Medicine: Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive &
Social Medicine, 37(1), 5–12. http://doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.94009
Health promotion is more significant today than any time in recent memory in tending to general
medical issues. The wellbeing situation is situated at one of a kind junction as the world is
confronting a \'triple weight of infections\' constituted by the unfinished motivation of
transferable ailments, recently rising and re-developing maladies and also the extraordinary
ascent of noncommunicable perpetual illnesses. The components which help advance and
improvement in this day and age, for example, globalization of exchange, urbanization,
simplicity of worldwide travel, propelled advances, and so forth., go about as a twofold edged
sword as they prompt to positive wellbeing results on one hand and increment the helplessness to
weakness then again as these add to stationary ways of life and unfortunate dietary examples.
There is a high pervasiveness of tobacco use alongside increment in undesirable dietary practices
and abatement in physical action adding to increment in natural hazard elements which thusly
prompts to increment in noncommunicable sicknesses.
Wellbeing, as the World Health Organization (WHO) characterizes, is the condition of finish
physical, social and mental prosperity and not only the nonattendance of sickness or ailment. The
satisfaction in most elevated achievable standard of wellbeing is considered as one of the
principal privileges of each human being.(5) Over the previous couple of decades, there is an
expanding acknowledgment that biomedical mediations alone can\'t ensure better wellbeing.
Wellbeing is intensely impacted by variables outside the area of the wellbeing part, particularly
social, financial and political strengths. These powers to a great extent shape the conditions in
which individuals develop, live, work and age and additionally the frameworks set up to manage
wellbeing needs at last prompting to disparities in wellbeing between and inside nations. Along
these lines, the achievement of the most elevated conceivable standard of wellbeing relies on
upon a thorough, comprehensive approach which goes past the conventional therapeudic mind,
including groups, wellbeing suppliers and different partners. This all encompassing methodology
ought to engage people and groups to take activities for their own wellbeing, cultivate authority
for general wellbeing, elevate intersectoral activity to fabricate sound open approaches and make
supportable wellbeing frameworks in the general public. These components catch the
quintessence of \"wellbeing advancement\", which is about empowering individuals to take
control over their wellbeing and its determinants, and in this way enhance their wellbeing. It
incorporates intercessions at the i.
New York house producerDJlabelhead Peter Rauhofer had a taste of c.pdfdavid16271
New York house producer/DJ/labelhead Peter Rauhofer had a taste of crossover success in the
mid-\'90s as Club 69, a sexploitative electronica moniker he designed for himself and his diverse
roster of collaborators. R
Solution
New York house producer/DJ/labelhead Peter Rauhofer had a taste of crossover success in the
mid-\'90s as Club 69, a sexploitative electronica moniker he designed for himself and his diverse
roster of collaborators. R.
Lyme disease is caused by bite of infected tick. The bacteria respon.pdfdavid16271
Lyme disease is caused by bite of infected tick. The bacteria responsible for this disease is
spirochetal bacteria.
Mode of transmission: By ticks
Common symptoms are fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, earliest sign is bull \'eye sign/
rash
Treatment: Removing ticks, , Use of antibiotics
Solution
Lyme disease is caused by bite of infected tick. The bacteria responsible for this disease is
spirochetal bacteria.
Mode of transmission: By ticks
Common symptoms are fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, earliest sign is bull \'eye sign/
rash
Treatment: Removing ticks, , Use of antibiotics.
deltaT(f)=i.Kf().m K(f)=1.86 for water molality=m.pdfdavid16271
deltaT(f)=i.Kf().m K(f)=1.86 for water molality=m=7.05/47=0.15 i=deltaT(f)/1.86
* 0.15 i=1.05 a=(1.05-1)/(2-1)=0.05 of HNO2 is dissociated
Solution
deltaT(f)=i.Kf().m K(f)=1.86 for water molality=m=7.05/47=0.15 i=deltaT(f)/1.86
* 0.15 i=1.05 a=(1.05-1)/(2-1)=0.05 of HNO2 is dissociated.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Microsoft Offices Excel application allows users to store, model a.pdf
1. Microsoft Office's Excel application allows users to store, model and manipulate data sets.
Excel spreadsheets organize this data into worksheets, each with a number of rows and columns.
Excel provides a range of automated functions for working with these stored data values,
including the chart function. Once data is stored in an Excel spreadsheet, anyone with access to
that spreadsheet can manipulate the data in order to analyze and communicate its meaning. The
charting function can be a key element in these processes.
Charts enforce the following objectives :
Visualization
Excel charts allow spreadsheet administrators to create visualizations of data sets. By
highlighting a set of data within an Excel spreadsheet and feeding it into the charting tool, users
can create various types of charts in which the data is displayed in a graphical way. This can aid
understanding of a data set, as well as communication of it, with Excel charts suitable for use
within management or corporate presentations allowing managers to incorporate this
understanding into analysis and future planning.
Automation
The Excel application automates the process of generating charts from existing data sets. If a
spreadsheet already contains updated data, the chart function can transform this data into a chart
with a minimal amount of user input. The Recommended Charts tool in Excel is a key part of
this process. Using the chart function, spreadsheet administrators can generate a chart in a few
clicks, choosing a chart type, as well as options such as labels, axes and titles.
Customization
The chart function in Excel enables users to strike a balance between automation and
customization. Although the program can generate a chart quickly and easily, the user is also
able to assert control over many chart details if necessary. As well as customizing the data
presented within a chart, users can finely tweak the chart options to any detail. Charts in Excel
can also be altered after they have been initially generated, by selecting a chart and choosing
from the available options to amend the chart type, data or other details.
Integration
If a business or other organization is using spreadsheet data managed within Excel, using the
chart function within Excel aids integration of the data. For example, when an Excel spreadsheet
generates a chart from the data within a worksheet, the chart will automatically update whenever
the data itself is edited. This allows business managers and administrators to manage their data
and visualizations within a single application, with the results updating instantly.
Aggregating Data
Worksheet charts enable you to condense or summarize large amounts of data within a small,
2. rectangular section of your worksheet. For instance, you could create a worksheet with rows and
columns containing ten years of stock closing prices that would leave you glassy-eyed and numb
if you tried to analyze them. Instead, use Excel's charting tools to create a line or X-Y scatter
chart that can help you visualize the price fluctuations of your stock over the years.
Expose Patterns and Trends
Charts can help you see patterns and trends that may be obscured within your worksheet cells.
Line, bar and area charts enable you to deduce the direction and momentum of data over time or
in terms of another unit of measurement.
Expose Outlying Data
Scatter and line charts can help you spot outliers or data items that seem out of place or unrelated
to the rest of the data. Outliers may be caused typing mistakes, instrument malfunctions or
simply random, nonsensical data that can safely be ignored. Not only do outlying data run
counter to any patterns or trends shown in the rest of the data, they can skew or distort averages,
sums and other analytical calculations you may want to perform.
Communicate Complex or Abstruse Data
Charts can help you or the people you share your Excel worksheets with grasp data that is hard to
visual or comprehend in words or numbers. Pie charts help viewers grasp percentages, ratios and
proportions instantly. Bar and column charts enable you to compare and rank sets of data without
even looking at the raw numbers they represent.
Types of charts for different business purposes :
Line Chart: The line chart is one of the most frequently used chart types, typically used to show
trends over a period of time.
Column Chart: Column charts are typically used to compare several items in a specific range of
values.
Clustered Column Chart: A clustered column chart can be used if you need to compare multiple
categories of data within individual sub-items as well as between sub-items
Stacked Column Chart: A stacked column chart allows you to compare items in a specific range
of values as well as show the relationship of the individual sub-items with the whole.
Pie Chart: A pie chart represents the distribution or proportion of each data item over a total
value.
Bar Chart: Bar charts are typically used to compare several categories of data. Bar charts are
ideal for visualizing the distribution or proportion of data items when there are more than three
categories.
Area Chart: Area charts are ideal for clearly illustrating the magnitude of change between two or
more data points.
Combination Chart: A combination chart is a visualization that combines two or more chart types
3. into a single chart. Combination charts are an ideal choice when you want to compare two
categories of each individual sub-item. They are commonly used to create visualizations that
show the difference between targets versus actual results.
XY Scatter Plot Chart: Scatter charts in Excel are excellent for showing correlations between two
sets of values.
Solution
Microsoft Office's Excel application allows users to store, model and manipulate data sets.
Excel spreadsheets organize this data into worksheets, each with a number of rows and columns.
Excel provides a range of automated functions for working with these stored data values,
including the chart function. Once data is stored in an Excel spreadsheet, anyone with access to
that spreadsheet can manipulate the data in order to analyze and communicate its meaning. The
charting function can be a key element in these processes.
Charts enforce the following objectives :
Visualization
Excel charts allow spreadsheet administrators to create visualizations of data sets. By
highlighting a set of data within an Excel spreadsheet and feeding it into the charting tool, users
can create various types of charts in which the data is displayed in a graphical way. This can aid
understanding of a data set, as well as communication of it, with Excel charts suitable for use
within management or corporate presentations allowing managers to incorporate this
understanding into analysis and future planning.
Automation
The Excel application automates the process of generating charts from existing data sets. If a
spreadsheet already contains updated data, the chart function can transform this data into a chart
with a minimal amount of user input. The Recommended Charts tool in Excel is a key part of
this process. Using the chart function, spreadsheet administrators can generate a chart in a few
clicks, choosing a chart type, as well as options such as labels, axes and titles.
Customization
The chart function in Excel enables users to strike a balance between automation and
customization. Although the program can generate a chart quickly and easily, the user is also
able to assert control over many chart details if necessary. As well as customizing the data
presented within a chart, users can finely tweak the chart options to any detail. Charts in Excel
can also be altered after they have been initially generated, by selecting a chart and choosing
from the available options to amend the chart type, data or other details.
Integration
4. If a business or other organization is using spreadsheet data managed within Excel, using the
chart function within Excel aids integration of the data. For example, when an Excel spreadsheet
generates a chart from the data within a worksheet, the chart will automatically update whenever
the data itself is edited. This allows business managers and administrators to manage their data
and visualizations within a single application, with the results updating instantly.
Aggregating Data
Worksheet charts enable you to condense or summarize large amounts of data within a small,
rectangular section of your worksheet. For instance, you could create a worksheet with rows and
columns containing ten years of stock closing prices that would leave you glassy-eyed and numb
if you tried to analyze them. Instead, use Excel's charting tools to create a line or X-Y scatter
chart that can help you visualize the price fluctuations of your stock over the years.
Expose Patterns and Trends
Charts can help you see patterns and trends that may be obscured within your worksheet cells.
Line, bar and area charts enable you to deduce the direction and momentum of data over time or
in terms of another unit of measurement.
Expose Outlying Data
Scatter and line charts can help you spot outliers or data items that seem out of place or unrelated
to the rest of the data. Outliers may be caused typing mistakes, instrument malfunctions or
simply random, nonsensical data that can safely be ignored. Not only do outlying data run
counter to any patterns or trends shown in the rest of the data, they can skew or distort averages,
sums and other analytical calculations you may want to perform.
Communicate Complex or Abstruse Data
Charts can help you or the people you share your Excel worksheets with grasp data that is hard to
visual or comprehend in words or numbers. Pie charts help viewers grasp percentages, ratios and
proportions instantly. Bar and column charts enable you to compare and rank sets of data without
even looking at the raw numbers they represent.
Types of charts for different business purposes :
Line Chart: The line chart is one of the most frequently used chart types, typically used to show
trends over a period of time.
Column Chart: Column charts are typically used to compare several items in a specific range of
values.
Clustered Column Chart: A clustered column chart can be used if you need to compare multiple
categories of data within individual sub-items as well as between sub-items
Stacked Column Chart: A stacked column chart allows you to compare items in a specific range
of values as well as show the relationship of the individual sub-items with the whole.
Pie Chart: A pie chart represents the distribution or proportion of each data item over a total
5. value.
Bar Chart: Bar charts are typically used to compare several categories of data. Bar charts are
ideal for visualizing the distribution or proportion of data items when there are more than three
categories.
Area Chart: Area charts are ideal for clearly illustrating the magnitude of change between two or
more data points.
Combination Chart: A combination chart is a visualization that combines two or more chart types
into a single chart. Combination charts are an ideal choice when you want to compare two
categories of each individual sub-item. They are commonly used to create visualizations that
show the difference between targets versus actual results.
XY Scatter Plot Chart: Scatter charts in Excel are excellent for showing correlations between two
sets of values.