This document discusses and provides examples of various film camera shots and techniques. It includes extreme close-ups showing facial expressions, close-ups of faces, medium close-ups showing emotions, long shots providing full-body views and context, extreme long shots displaying wide setting details. It also covers tracking shots, cut-ins, panning, tilting, zooming, diegetic and non-diegetic sounds, and mise-en-scene arrangements. Examples are primarily from films in The Avengers franchise and showcase different cinematic storytelling tools.

2. Extreme Close Up
In this ‘Extreme Close Up’ shot it shows a zoomed detail of the actors face and facial
expressions. This character “Captain America – The Avengers” is staring straight into
one direction. The fact that his eyes are a bit screwed up and slightly closed, it shows
that he is concentrated and this could be seen by the audience as Captain America
being annoyed or heated up.
An ‘Extreme Close Up’ shot is normally shown on the face, indicating where the most
distinctive expressions are shown. This could possible be an extreme close up shot of
the eye as well.

3. Close Up
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A close up shot is a certain feature or part of the subject takes up the whole frame.
Like in this shot, it’s showing Iron Man’s face in the shot. This close up shot clearly
shows the emotion of Iron Man; his face is just straight, distinctive and concentrated.
It’s as if he is looking his prey in the eye, no actual body language shown, just the
shot of his face looking deeply, angrily at another persons eye.

4. Medium Close-Up Shot
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The medium close up is half way between a mid shot and a close up. This shot shows
the face more clearly, without getting uncomfortably close.
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The Medium close up shot usually consists of the characters shoulders and above that
is shown in the shot. This is typically done in media to show a characters emotion.
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In this shot of ‘Thor’ from The Avengers shows that the character is feeling upset and is
thinking about what has just happened, which allows the audience to guess that he
possibly feels guilty about what has just happened.

5. Long shot
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A long shot is used so you can see the characters full body, costume and the location
of the scene. We can easily tell that this image shows that they are fighting against
bad guys, this is shown by the support of fire, crushed cars, smoke and destruction.
Also because of the costume the characters are wearing the audience can instantly
tell that this is a heroic, superhero movie.
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This used in films when introducing a new character or when a character has just
entered the room. The shot creates a more dramatic effect in there appearance and
also makes it easier to see a persons body language.

6. Extreme Long Shot
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An Extreme Long Shot is used to view the whole area of the scene where everything is
happening. This is a main camera shot to show the audience of where everything is set.
It informs the audience where the scene is set and through the mise-en-scene, it then
allows the audience to guess what might be in store in the next scene.
In this shot from ‘The Avengers’, it shows the city, being shredded to its last pieces and
everything blowing up. It shows the audience how everything is gone chaotic and havoc
has been raised.

7. Track Shot
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A tracking shot is a shot in which the camera is mounted on a cart which travels along
tracks. Tracking is often more narrowly defined as movement parallel to the action, or
at least at a constant distance. This is also shown by the camera travelling alongside
the action, example if someone is running, the camera would track alongside the
runner.
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In this shot it shows ‘The Avengers’ in a group, the tracking shot (shown on the left) is
shown by the cameraman rolling around the Avengers in a circle, also known as
tracking circles around them to get a shot of every angle.

8. Cut-In Shot
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A cut shot, which specifically refers to showing some part of the subject in detail.
This can be shown in just taking a shot of a part of a body such as the hand and
the hand movements. This could possible show the enthusiasm, anticipation and
nervousness of the character.
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In this scene from the Avengers, it shows “Thor’s” arm and hand movements,
which is shown in a cut-in shot. This could show the audience that he his thinking
of something or a plan as he has his arms crossed.

9. Panning Shot
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A panning shot is one of the simplest camera shot that is used in films. It is easy
and is a camera movement technique that involves moving the camera
horizontally to the right or left. This shot is used to show that you can track an
object or follow any type of movement.
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In this scene with ‘Captain America’ it shows him running at a pace, this only
requires a panning shot, which just slides the camera from left to right as shown
in the picture. This shows the audience the full body movement of the character

10. Tilt Shot
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The tilt shot is similar to the pan shot, but the tilt shot moves vertically instead of
horizontally. Just like the pan shot, the tilt shot can be done hand held or with a
tripod. It is highly recommended to use a tripod for a tilt shot as it would allow
you to have an accurate shot without any rough, edgy movements to the shot.
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In this shot in The Avengers, the tilt shot starts from the two characters looking up
in the sky, but the tilt shot starts from the top view and works its way down
showing every body language from the characters.

11. Zoom Shot
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A zoom shot makes a dramatic feel to a shot. A zoom is technically not a camera
move as it does not require the camera itself to move at all. Zooming means
altering the focal length of the lens to give the illusion of moving closer to or
further away from the action.
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In this shot it shows a zoomed version of a long shot of ‘Scarlett Johansson’, this
shows a dramatic, embraced shot, which shows all the emotion and background
that enhances the audiences attention.

12. Diegetic Sound
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Any voice, musical passage, or sound effect presented as originating from a source
within the film's world.
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These are sounds which are visible on the screen o sources implied to be present
by the film such as voices of characters, sounds made by objects and music
shown.
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In this scene it shows ‘Hawkeye’ from The Avengers; he is falling from a building
and is using his bow and arrow weapon, and as the arrow releases from the bow,
it makes a slight sound that glides with the air. This is all for dramatic effect.

13. Non-Diegetic Sound
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Sound, such as mood music or narrator's commentary, represented as coming from a
source outside the space of the narrative.
A non-diegetic sound is neither visible on the screen or has been implied to be present in
the action of the film such as the narrator’s commentary, sound effects which is added for
the dramatic effect and mood music.
In this scene it shows ‘Iron Man’ falling from space, this is a quiet scene, which just plays a
slight dramatic music in the background for when he’s falling. The music that is played was
a sad, depressing and shocked music, which puts the audience in the mood of his sadness
of him falling.

14. Mise En Scene
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A Mise En Scene is the arrangement of everything that appears in the framing.
This is things such as actors, lighting, scenery, props, and costume. The frame and
camerawork also constitute the mise-en-scène of a movie.
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In this Mise En Scene, it consists of the individuality of the characters costumes,
scree lighting, props such as guns, crushed cars in the background and the chaotic
scenery.It shows everything that consists of a movie, in one frame.