This chapter discusses experimental design and its importance for internal validity. It describes different types of experimental designs including post-test only, pretest-posttest, independent groups, repeated measures, and matched pairs. Confounding variables are discussed as threats to internal validity. The advantages and disadvantages of each design are provided. Counterbalancing and Latin squares are presented as ways to address order effects for repeated measures designs.
The operations manager plays a strategic role in both internal and.docxcarlz4
The operations manager plays a strategic role in both internal and external operations. Often afforded the role of aligning resources, the operations manager serves as an external ombudsperson, or negotiator, in organizations. The purpose of this discussion is to analyze the most critical aspects of this role.
Review Johnston and Staughton's "Establishing and Developing Strategic Relationships–the Role for Operations Managers" article. Using online research skills, identify at least one other scholarly resource on this topic. For your initial post in this discussion, use the ideas in both articles to identify at least two key themes in the management of strategic relationships, including the role of the operations manager in facilitating the strategic relationship. Summarize what you consider to be the most important requirements for ongoing success in that role.
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL
DESIGNS AND MORE
Quasi-experimental, Single Case, and Between Subjects Research Designs
https://my.visme.co/render/1454636626/www.erau.edu
Slide 1 Transcript
As mentioned before, quasi-experimental research differs from true experiments mainly because random assignment is not required, either for individuals or groups. Also,
Quasiexperimental designs may not include a comparison group. The variable for a Quasiexperimental study is one that already exists and cannot be manipulated or applied
differentially among participants. Quasi-experimental studies are not able to control for all confounding variables, so they are not able to completely rule out some of the alternate
explanations of the results. Researchers must take all the variables into consideration as they decipher results from quasi-experimental studies. So far, we have visited non-
experimental and quasi-experimental research designs. In the second part of this module, we move into the experimental designs. A particular kind of experimental design is the
single subject, or single case, research study. The single subject design can be used with an individual or a group, which serve as their own control and experimental subjects. The
third component of this module will move into experimental research designs that examine levels of a factor applied once to individuals who have been assigned to groups at each
level. This design is one that can be used to establish cause and effect.
Quasi-experimental Group Designs
One-group designs
Posttest only
Lacks a comparison/control group to
establish cause
Single measure of DV, but many threats
to internal validity
Pretest-posttest
Pretest is the control; no separate control
group
Compares scores with same
participants before and after
Many threats to internal validity
Nonequivalent control group designs
(not random)
Nonequivalent posttest
Cause cannot be determined
Susceptible to the threat of selection
differences
Nonequivalent pretest-posttest
Compare scores before and after
intervention for both groups
Susceptible to threat of.
The operations manager plays a strategic role in both internal and.docxcarlz4
The operations manager plays a strategic role in both internal and external operations. Often afforded the role of aligning resources, the operations manager serves as an external ombudsperson, or negotiator, in organizations. The purpose of this discussion is to analyze the most critical aspects of this role.
Review Johnston and Staughton's "Establishing and Developing Strategic Relationships–the Role for Operations Managers" article. Using online research skills, identify at least one other scholarly resource on this topic. For your initial post in this discussion, use the ideas in both articles to identify at least two key themes in the management of strategic relationships, including the role of the operations manager in facilitating the strategic relationship. Summarize what you consider to be the most important requirements for ongoing success in that role.
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL
DESIGNS AND MORE
Quasi-experimental, Single Case, and Between Subjects Research Designs
https://my.visme.co/render/1454636626/www.erau.edu
Slide 1 Transcript
As mentioned before, quasi-experimental research differs from true experiments mainly because random assignment is not required, either for individuals or groups. Also,
Quasiexperimental designs may not include a comparison group. The variable for a Quasiexperimental study is one that already exists and cannot be manipulated or applied
differentially among participants. Quasi-experimental studies are not able to control for all confounding variables, so they are not able to completely rule out some of the alternate
explanations of the results. Researchers must take all the variables into consideration as they decipher results from quasi-experimental studies. So far, we have visited non-
experimental and quasi-experimental research designs. In the second part of this module, we move into the experimental designs. A particular kind of experimental design is the
single subject, or single case, research study. The single subject design can be used with an individual or a group, which serve as their own control and experimental subjects. The
third component of this module will move into experimental research designs that examine levels of a factor applied once to individuals who have been assigned to groups at each
level. This design is one that can be used to establish cause and effect.
Quasi-experimental Group Designs
One-group designs
Posttest only
Lacks a comparison/control group to
establish cause
Single measure of DV, but many threats
to internal validity
Pretest-posttest
Pretest is the control; no separate control
group
Compares scores with same
participants before and after
Many threats to internal validity
Nonequivalent control group designs
(not random)
Nonequivalent posttest
Cause cannot be determined
Susceptible to the threat of selection
differences
Nonequivalent pretest-posttest
Compare scores before and after
intervention for both groups
Susceptible to threat of.
Understanding the Experimental Research Design(Part II)DrShalooSaini
This Power Point Presentation has been made while referring to the research books written by eminent, renowned and expert authors as mentioned in the references section. The purpose of this Presentation is to help the research students in developing an insight about the Experimental Research Design(Part- II).
An experimental research design helps researchers execute their research objectives with more clarity and transparency.Experimental research design is a framework of protocols and procedures created to conduct experimental research with a scientific approach using two sets of variables.The best example of experimental research methods is quantitative research.
Experimental research helps a researcher gather the necessary data for making better research decisions and determining the facts of a research study.
Simple slide show about research designs especially made for students working with Science Investigatory Projects. This also helpful for students who are first timer working with research.
The design of experiments (DOE, DOX, or experimental design) is the design of any task that aims to describe and explain the variation of information under conditions that are hypothesized to reflect the variation.
The term is generally associated with experiments in which the design introduces conditions that directly affect the variation, but may also refer to the design of quasi-experiments, in which natural conditions that influence the variation are selected for observation.
In its simplest form, an experiment aims at predicting the outcome by introducing a change of the preconditions, which is represented by one or more independent variables, also referred to as "input variables" or "predictor variables."
The change in one or more independent variables is generally hypothesized to result in a change in one or more dependent variables, also referred to as "output variables" or "response variables."
Experimental design is inferential procedure or scientific method in Statistics wherein cause and effect relationship is studied by planning an experiment. In Experimental Design methodology, proper experiments are planned in order to achieve desired objective. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Experimental Design:- www.transtutors.com/homework-help/statistics/experimental-design.aspx
Understanding the Experimental Research Design(Part II)DrShalooSaini
This Power Point Presentation has been made while referring to the research books written by eminent, renowned and expert authors as mentioned in the references section. The purpose of this Presentation is to help the research students in developing an insight about the Experimental Research Design(Part- II).
An experimental research design helps researchers execute their research objectives with more clarity and transparency.Experimental research design is a framework of protocols and procedures created to conduct experimental research with a scientific approach using two sets of variables.The best example of experimental research methods is quantitative research.
Experimental research helps a researcher gather the necessary data for making better research decisions and determining the facts of a research study.
Simple slide show about research designs especially made for students working with Science Investigatory Projects. This also helpful for students who are first timer working with research.
The design of experiments (DOE, DOX, or experimental design) is the design of any task that aims to describe and explain the variation of information under conditions that are hypothesized to reflect the variation.
The term is generally associated with experiments in which the design introduces conditions that directly affect the variation, but may also refer to the design of quasi-experiments, in which natural conditions that influence the variation are selected for observation.
In its simplest form, an experiment aims at predicting the outcome by introducing a change of the preconditions, which is represented by one or more independent variables, also referred to as "input variables" or "predictor variables."
The change in one or more independent variables is generally hypothesized to result in a change in one or more dependent variables, also referred to as "output variables" or "response variables."
Experimental design is inferential procedure or scientific method in Statistics wherein cause and effect relationship is studied by planning an experiment. In Experimental Design methodology, proper experiments are planned in order to achieve desired objective. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Experimental Design:- www.transtutors.com/homework-help/statistics/experimental-design.aspx
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Describe the relationship between a
confounding variable and the internal
validity of an experiment
Describe the post-test only design and the
pretest-posttest design, including the
advantages and disadvantages of each
design
4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Contrast and independent groups design
with a repeated measures design
Summarize the advantages and
disadvantages of using a repeated measures
design
Describe a matched pairs design, including
reasons to use this design
5. CONFOUNDING AND INTERNAL
VALIDITY
Confounding Variable: confounding occurs
when the effects of the independent variable
and an uncontrolled variable are intertwined
so one cannot determine which is
responsible for the effect
7. BASIC EXPERIMENTS
Posttest-Only Design
Must:
Obtain two equivalent groups of participants
Selection differences
Introduce the independent variable
Measure the effect of the independent variable on
the dependent variable
9. BASIC EXPERIMENTS
Pretest-Posttest Design
A pretest is given before the experimental
manipulation is introduced to make sure groups
are equivalent at the beginning of the
experiment
10. BASIC EXPERIMENTS
Advantages of the pretest-posttest design
Mortality (dropout factor)
Assess equivalency of groups with small
sample size
Can use to select participants for the
experiment
11. BASIC EXPERIMENTS
• Disadvantages of the pretest-posttest design
• Time consuming and awkward to administer
• Sensitize participants to what is being studied
- Demand characteristics
- Reduces external validity
14. REPEATED MEASURES DESIGN
Advantages and Disadvantages of Repeated
Measures Design
Advantages
Fewer participants
Extremely sensitive to statistical differences
Conditions are identical because person is own control group
Disadvantages
Order effect
- Practice effect
- Fatigue effect
- Contrast effect
18. MATCHED PAIRS DESIGN
Goal is to Match People on a Participant
Characteristic
Either the Dependent Measure or a Variable
that is Strongly Related to the Dependent
Variable
Analysis of Covariance
