A survey of the Irish population about the sources of mental health and wellbeing, drawing on the Human Givens framework in relation to psychological needs and resources.
The Michelangelo Phenomenon got its name from the famous sculptor as “the self becomes a reflection of the interdependence reality created by the partner” (Drigotas et al., 1999, p. 294).
Individuals are motivated to move their actual self closer to their ideal self because it increases well-being.
Partners can help or hinder this process by either showing affirmation or disaffirming their partners.
The Michelangelo Phenomenon explains the process of how close relationship partners (i.e. the sculptor) can affirm or disaffirm the target’s (i.e. the sculpted) ideal self and how the affirmation influences movement toward the target’s ideal self.
Temperament and Character of Schizophrenics: A Study on Indian Populationinventionjournals
This study was attempted to explore the temperament and character of schizophrenic patients and compared with normal controls. Total 102 schizophrenic patients and 50 normal controls were included in this study. The mean age of Schizophrenic patients was 32.073( SD + 10.205) and normal controls mean age was 30.14 (SD +12.048). Temperament and Character Inventory was used to assessed personality of the Schizophrenic patients. Findings revealed that out of four temperament novelty seeking and persistence were significantly differed from normal controls. Both were found low in Patients than normals. All three Character domains were found significantly difference in comparison of both group. Self directedness and cooperativeness were found low in schizophrenia than normals. Self transcendence was found high in patients group than Controls. Findings of this study can help to understand the personality of Schizophrenic patients.
The Michelangelo Phenomenon got its name from the famous sculptor as “the self becomes a reflection of the interdependence reality created by the partner” (Drigotas et al., 1999, p. 294).
Individuals are motivated to move their actual self closer to their ideal self because it increases well-being.
Partners can help or hinder this process by either showing affirmation or disaffirming their partners.
The Michelangelo Phenomenon explains the process of how close relationship partners (i.e. the sculptor) can affirm or disaffirm the target’s (i.e. the sculpted) ideal self and how the affirmation influences movement toward the target’s ideal self.
Temperament and Character of Schizophrenics: A Study on Indian Populationinventionjournals
This study was attempted to explore the temperament and character of schizophrenic patients and compared with normal controls. Total 102 schizophrenic patients and 50 normal controls were included in this study. The mean age of Schizophrenic patients was 32.073( SD + 10.205) and normal controls mean age was 30.14 (SD +12.048). Temperament and Character Inventory was used to assessed personality of the Schizophrenic patients. Findings revealed that out of four temperament novelty seeking and persistence were significantly differed from normal controls. Both were found low in Patients than normals. All three Character domains were found significantly difference in comparison of both group. Self directedness and cooperativeness were found low in schizophrenia than normals. Self transcendence was found high in patients group than Controls. Findings of this study can help to understand the personality of Schizophrenic patients.
Positive psychology at work ensures a good organization culture. The presentation includes the Psycap Model of Positive Psychology along HRW Model and Emotional Intelligence.
Spiritual Well-Being and Parenting Stress in Caring for Children with Neuro-D...inventionjournals
Caregivers of children’s with neuro-developmental disorders face challenges starting from resistance and denial, and such challenges may be likely to impact their Well-being. The present study explores the relations between spiritual well-being and parenting stress when parents faced with a crisis like caring for children with neurodevelopmental disorders. A convenient sample of 38 parents who reared 3 to 12-year-old children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental issues was part of the study. Parental Stress Index -Short Form (PSI/SF; Abidin, 1995) and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS; Ellison & Paloutzian, 2009) were used to obtain a measure of the variables chosen. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to find out the significance of relations between spiritual well-being and parenting stress. Also, thesignificance of themean difference between the gender groups in relation tospiritual well-being and parenting stress was analysed using Independent Sample‘t’ test. Findings reveal a significant negative correlation between spiritual wellbeing and parenting stress, and it also shows that there is no gender difference in relation to parenting stress and spiritual well-being among parents. The findings indicate that spiritual wellbeing might act as a buffer of parental stress and can play the role of a protective factor against parenting stress for life challenges. It also shows that there might be no gender differences in parents’ experience of stress and spiritual wellbeing, but slight mean differences show a higher stress and spiritual wellbeing among mothers than fathers.
Employing Psychological Theory to Address Psychological Needs of Men with PTSTHMENI
With reference to relevant research, critically examine the application of psychological theory in relation to the psychological needs and clinical experience of one clinically relevant client group
Positive psychology at work ensures a good organization culture. The presentation includes the Psycap Model of Positive Psychology along HRW Model and Emotional Intelligence.
Spiritual Well-Being and Parenting Stress in Caring for Children with Neuro-D...inventionjournals
Caregivers of children’s with neuro-developmental disorders face challenges starting from resistance and denial, and such challenges may be likely to impact their Well-being. The present study explores the relations between spiritual well-being and parenting stress when parents faced with a crisis like caring for children with neurodevelopmental disorders. A convenient sample of 38 parents who reared 3 to 12-year-old children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental issues was part of the study. Parental Stress Index -Short Form (PSI/SF; Abidin, 1995) and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS; Ellison & Paloutzian, 2009) were used to obtain a measure of the variables chosen. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to find out the significance of relations between spiritual well-being and parenting stress. Also, thesignificance of themean difference between the gender groups in relation tospiritual well-being and parenting stress was analysed using Independent Sample‘t’ test. Findings reveal a significant negative correlation between spiritual wellbeing and parenting stress, and it also shows that there is no gender difference in relation to parenting stress and spiritual well-being among parents. The findings indicate that spiritual wellbeing might act as a buffer of parental stress and can play the role of a protective factor against parenting stress for life challenges. It also shows that there might be no gender differences in parents’ experience of stress and spiritual wellbeing, but slight mean differences show a higher stress and spiritual wellbeing among mothers than fathers.
Employing Psychological Theory to Address Psychological Needs of Men with PTSTHMENI
With reference to relevant research, critically examine the application of psychological theory in relation to the psychological needs and clinical experience of one clinically relevant client group
Intellectual Disability, also known as Intellectual Developmental Disorder, is a mental disorder characterized by deficits in general mental processes such as reasoning, planning, problem solving, judgment, abstract thinking, academic learning, etc.
The presentation highlights how it co-occurs with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Depression, Bipolar Disorder and Anxiety Disorder.
AISA BrisSec 2019: Mental Health and the InfoSec Community - We Need To TalkSimon Harvey
Presentation given at AISA's BrisSec 2019 (www.aisa.org.au) on Mental Health Awareness and the need to support each other better within the local Information Security community.
Your Personality Test
Results
Personality Traits
Extraversion
44
Agreeableness
44
Conscientiousness 42
Neuroticism 13
Openness 38
The personality test that you've just taken is based on the Five
Factor Model of personality. Personality psychologists believe this
is a pretty good description of the broad traits or general areas
that go to make up a person's core personality. Personality isn't
set in stone, however, so keep that in mind if you see anything
you'd like to alter below. Teenagers and young adults should take
the below results with a bit of caution, as their personalities are
still under development (personality is generally pretty well formed
by one's mid 20's).
What do each of the 5 traits mean?
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Extraversion - Energy, enthusiasm, socialable
Agreeableness - Altruism, helping others, affection,
friendliness
Conscientiousness - Control, will, constraint, dependability
Neuroticism - Negative emotions, nervousness
Openness to Experience - Originality, culture, open-minded,
intellect
Extraversion
This trait reflects a person's preference for certain
kinds of social situations, and how they like to
behave in such situations. People high in extraversion are
energetic and seek out the company of others. People low in
extraversion -- what some might call introverts -- tend to be
more quiet and reserved.
You scored really high on this trait, suggesting you have a lot of
energy and tend to enjoy most social situations.
Agreeableness
This trait reflects how we tend to interact with others,
especially in terms of our altrusim and friendliness.
People who score higher in agreeableness tend to be more
trusting, friendly and cooperative than others. People who score
lower tend to be more aggressive and less cooperative.
You scored really high on this trait, suggesting you are a very
friendly, cooperative and trusting person.
Conscientiousness
This trait reflects how organized and persistent a
person is in pursuing their goals. People who
score high on this trait tend to be more methodical, well-
organized and dutiful than others. People who score lower tend to
be less careful, less focused and more likely to be distracted from
tasks.
You scored really high on this trait, suggesting you're a well-
organized, focused and methodical person.
Neuroticism
This trait reflects the tendency for a person to
experience negative thoughts and feelings. People who
score high on this trait tend to be more prone to insecurity and
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CrikeyCon 2019: Mental Health and the InfoSec CommunitySimon Harvey
Presentation given at CrikeyCon 2019 (www.crikeycon.com) on Mental Health Awareness and the need to support each other better within the local Information Security community. Video to follow.
A person is considered to be mentally healthy when he or she is devoid of any form of mental illness, and this state is referred to as mental health. Any person's emotional, psychological, and social state all impact their mental health. A person's capacity to think, understand, feel, and act is influenced by their mental health. A person's capacity for managing stress and making crucial life decisions may also be impacted.
We have been tracking the economic and emotional wellbeing of the Irish nation every month for the past 9 years. The good news is that our economic wellbeing is clearly getting better, the bad news is that our emotional wellbeing appears to be getting worse...
Our monthly index of Irish consumer spending, saving and borrowing intentions has reached an all time high nearly 9 years after we started measuring the mood of the nation.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
The Importance of Community Nursing Care.pdfAD Healthcare
NDIS and Community 24/7 Nursing Care is a specific type of support that may be provided under the NDIS for individuals with complex medical needs who require ongoing nursing care in a community setting, such as their home or a supported accommodation facility.
COVID-19 PCR tests remain a critical component of safe and responsible travel in 2024. They ensure compliance with international travel regulations, help detect and control the spread of new variants, protect vulnerable populations, and provide peace of mind. As we continue to navigate the complexities of global travel during the pandemic, PCR testing stands as a key measure to keep everyone safe and healthy. Whether you are planning a business trip, a family vacation, or an international adventure, incorporating PCR testing into your travel plans is a prudent and necessary step. Visit us at https://www.globaltravelclinics.com/
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Mental Health and Emotional Wellbeing in Ireland 2019
1. Mental Health & Emotional Wellbeing in Ireland
A Survey of ‘Human Givens’ in the Irish Population
March 2019
2. 2
Like many other developed countries, Ireland is experiencing a mental health crisis
according to various social and medical indicators.
Solving that crisis requires a comprehensive understanding of both the causes of mental
illness and the sources of mental wellbeing.
One of the most powerful explanatory models for mental health (both wellbeing and
illness) is that known as ‘Human Givens’.
In this special Amárach report, we have used the Human Givens framework to measure
the state of mental health in Ireland in the hope that it might help those tackling the
current crisis.
Introduction
3. 3
We are indebted to the Human Givens Institute* for permission to use their methodology
for evaluating psychological needs in the course of our study.
We also wish to thank Sue Saunders in the Dublin Human Givens Centre** for sharing her
methodology for evaluating psychological resources as well.
This is the first study of its kind (applying the Human Givens framework to a survey of a
national population), and any errors or omissions that may have been made in the course
of this study are entirely ours.
Further information on the methodology and questionnaire are in the appendix.
Acknowledgements
* https://www.hgi.org.uk
** http://dublinhumangivens.ie
4. 4
Amárach surveyed 1,000 adults in February 2019 about their mental health and wellbeing, using a quota-
controlled, online sample, weighted to the total Irish population.
The survey methodology uses the Human Givens framework for understanding people’s innate psychological
needs and psychological resources (called ‘givens’).
The survey finds that:
- We are a happy nation, scoring an average of 5 on a scale of 1 to 7 for happiness
- However, 39% of adults feel anxious, sad or tired for no reason often or frequently
- We are equally divided between those who sleep well and those who sleep badly
- One in three admits to some degree of addiction to social media
- There is a very large generation gap when it comes to mental health & emotional wellbeing: older people,
especially over 55s score much more positively on almost every indicator than under 35s
- Women do not score as well as men on most measures relating to meeting their psychological needs, though
there is less of a gap when it comes to the availability of psychological resources
- Among the key sources of happiness are a sense of autonomy, sleeping well, being able to use our imagination
creatively to solve problems and a healthy level of attention from others
- Among the key sources of anxiety, sadness etc are an absence of autonomy, poor sleep, a lack of perceived
meaning or purpose, and habits of thought that prevent appropriate responses to experiences
Overall, the Human Givens framework is a powerful tool for understanding wider social trends in relation to
mental health and wellbeing.
Executive Summary
6. 6
The Human Givens framework was developed during the 1990s by
Joe Griffin from Ireland and Ivan Tyrrell from England, in
collaboration with other colleagues.
Human Givens* refers to the innate psychological needs and mental
resources that are programmed into our biology from conception,
and that are separate from our physical needs (for food etc).
Just as we suffer when our physical needs go unmet, so also do we
suffer when our psychological needs go unmet.
People whose emotional needs are met in a balanced way do not
suffer mental health problems; while those who experience problems
have one or more psychological needs that are yet unmet.
Human Givens
* https://www.hgi.org.uk/human-givens/introduction/what-are-human-givens
7. 7
There is widespread agreement as to the nature of our emotional
needs – the essential ones for our mental health are:
• Security: a safe environment which allows us to develop fully
• Attention: both receiving and giving
• Autonomy and control: having freedom to make our own choices
• Intimacy: to be accepted totally by others, “warts 'n' all”
• Community: a sense of belonging
• Privacy: giving time and space to reflect and consolidate experience
• Status: recognition within social groupings
• Competence: creating a sense of achievement
• Meaning and purpose: stretching us beyond our concerns with self,
including religion, creativity, politics and so on
Psychological Needs
8. 8
The physical and emotional needs that we have are not the only human
givens – nature also gave us innate 'guidance systems' to help us meet our
needs, these are called 'resources’ and include:
• Memory: to add to our innate knowledge and learn
• Empathy: to build rapport and connect with others
• Imagination: to focus our attention and solve problems creatively
• Emotions: the full array of our feelings and instincts
• Reason: a conscious, rational mind that can analyse and plan
• Pattern matching: to understand through metaphorical pattern matching
• Awareness: that part of us that can step back, be more objective
• Dreams: through sleep to refresh our emotional resilience.
Psychological Resources
9. 9
In order to measure the state of ‘human givens’ in the Irish
population, Amárach surveyed a representative sample of
1,000 adults in February 2019.
We used a modified version of the Emotional Needs Audit
(ENA)* developed by the Human Givens Institute, to measure
the degree to which key psychological needs are being met in
the Irish population. We also created a questionnaire to
measure the strength of key psychological resources in the
Irish population, drawing on work by Sue Saunders.
Note that the ENA etc is designed for one-to-one collaboration
between therapists and patients, so we have had to modify the
language used in our survey as the context is entirely different,
while retaining the purpose of the HGI questionnaires to
measure emotional wellbeing.
You can see a copy of our questionnaire in the appendix.
Measuring Human Givens
Needs
Resources
Mental
Health
* https://www.hgi.org.uk/resources/emotional-needs-audit-ena
11. 11
Mental health and wellbeing is an outcome from the effective use of our psychological
resources applied to meeting our psychological needs.
While most of this report is focused on current measures of needs and resources, we begin in
this section by sharing data on the emotional wellbeing of the Irish general public.
We have used a number of indicators, including:
- Self-reported happiness
- Level of anxiety or sadness
- Quality of sleep
In addition, we have captured measures related to wellbeing, namely:
- Level of digital/social media addiction
- Religiosity
State of the Emotional Nation
12. 12
On balance, we are a happy nation, and most of us feel ‘grand’
according to our measure. Though there is a large ‘age gap’:
A Happy Nation?
2%
4%
9%
13%
28%
32%
11%
Very unhappy 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very happy
Q. To what extent do you consider yourself a happy person, on a scale of 1 to 7 (where 1 is ‘very unhappy’ & 7 is ‘very happy’)
%
Lower
(1-3)
%
Higher
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 15% 72% 5.0
Male 15% 74% 5.1
Female 16% 70% 5.0
18-24 24% 52% 4.5
25-34 20% 69% 4.8
35-44 16% 73% 5.0
45-54 15% 68% 4.9
55+ 10% 82% 5.4
13. 13
While more people are generally free of anxiety or sadness, many are
not. There is both a large gender & age gap when it comes to negative
moods:
9% 9%
21%
15%
20%
16%
11%
Often 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Rarely
Q. How often do you feel anxious, sad or tired for no reason, on a scale of 1 to 7 (where 1 is a lot or most of the time, and 7 is rarely or almost never)
%
Lower
(1-3)
%
Higher
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 39% 46% 4.2
Male 32% 51% 4.5
Female 45% 42% 3.9
18-24 61% 25% 3.3
25-34 48% 39% 3.8
35-44 41% 44% 4.0
45-54 37% 43% 4.2
55+ 25% 61% 4.8
Negative Moods
14. 14
A third of us admit to some degree of addiction to social media.
Women and young people are the most ‘addicted’ cohorts:
3%
9%
23%
24%
18%
10%
13%
Can't live
without it
2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Almost never
use
Q. How would you describe your use of social media (e.g.: apps on your phone like Facebook, Instagram, Whatsapp etc), on a scale of 1 to 7 (where 1 is you couldn't live
without them and the thought of not having access to social media is stressful, and 7 is you never or almost never use social media and wouldn't care if you didn't have access).
%
Lower
(1-3)
%
Higher
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 35% 42% 4.3
Male 28% 48% 4.6
Female 42% 36% 4.0
18-24 67% 19% 3.2
25-34 45% 34% 3.9
35-44 28% 44% 4.5
45-54 29% 45% 4.4
55+ 25% 51% 4.7
Digital Addictions
15. 15
Four in ten of us are bad sleepers, and only 1 in 10 sleeps very well.
There is also a very large gender gap when it comes to bedtime:
15%
9%
16%
11%
24%
15%
9%
Very poor 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very good
Q. How would you rate the typical quality of your sleep, on a scale of 1 to 7 (where 1 means very poor and you often wake up tired, and 7 means very
good and you usually wake up refreshed)
%
Lower
(1-3)
%
Higher
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 40% 49% 4.0
Male 35% 53% 4.3
Female 45% 45% 3.8
18-24 40% 48% 4.0
25-34 44% 43% 3.8
35-44 46% 44% 3.7
45-54 46% 45% 3.8
55+ 31% 58% 4.5
A Good Night’s Sleep
16. 16
One in three would consider themselves to be religious. There is a
large age gap in terms of religiosity:
29%
11%
10%
15%
19%
10%
5%
Not at all
religious
2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very religious
Q. To what extent do you consider yourself to be a religious person, on a scale of 1 to 7 (where 1 is not at all religious, and 7 is very religious)
%
Lower
(1-3)
%
Higher
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 50% 35% 3.4
Male 47% 37% 3.5
Female 53% 32% 3.2
18-24 64% 26% 2.9
25-34 66% 21% 2.7
35-44 55% 30% 3.1
45-54 45% 38% 3.6
55+ 35% 47% 4.0
Religious People
17. 17
The data in this section of the report has highlighted a number of positive and negative aspects to
Irish psychological wellbeing at the end of the second decade of the 21st century.
While we enjoy a ‘bias to happiness’ there are nevertheless significantly large minorities
experiencing more negative emotions on a regular basis.
In addition, a worryingly large percentage admit to a degree of social media addiction which may
potentially exacerbate some negative emotions in certain people. Add to that a high incidence of
poor quality sleep or even sleep deprivation and it would appear that some cohorts are more
vulnerable than others potentially.
Religion has traditionally been a source of meaning – and even resilience – in the past, though as we
can see from our measure of religiosity, its contribution is limited to a minority at present.
We turn now to look in detail at the degree to which psychological needs are being met across the
Irish nation.
Emotional Benchmarks
19. 19
We noted the main psychological needs earlier, namely:
Security – Autonomy – Attention
Intimacy – Community – Privacy
Status – Competence – Meaning
In this section we look at the degree to which each need is being met across the
Irish population and in the next section we will look at psychological resources.
In defining each of the psychological needs, we have drawn on the free ebook:
‘Human Givens – The Essentials’ by Julia Welstead* as our guide.
Meeting Our Psychological Needs
* https://www.hgi.org.uk/free-ebook
20. 20
Using the average mean scores for the total population (on a scale of 1-7), our needs for ‘privacy’, ‘giving attention’
and ‘intimacy’ appear to be well met, while our needs for ‘meaning’, ’status’ and ‘community’ are less well met. We
explore each of the psychological needs in the following slides
Ranking Needs
5.4
5.3 5.3
5.2
5.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
4.7
4.6
Privacy Attention
(giving)
Intimacy Competence Attention
(receiving)
Security Autonomy Meaning Status Community
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now, on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all,
and 7 means being very well met.
21. 21
‘A safe environment that allows us to live without undue fear,
develop fully and have space to grow’:
Psychological Need: Security
2%
4%
9%
13%
28%
32%
11%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: feeling secure in all major areas of your life
(such as your home, work, environment) - on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 21% 66% 4.9
Male 16% 70% 5.1
Female 25% 62% 4.7
18-24 26% 49% 4.4
25-34 26% 65% 4.6
35-44 25% 62% 4.6
45-54 23% 57% 4.6
55+ 11% 79% 5.5
22. 22
‘A sense of control over what happens to you, the freedom to make
your own decisions and choices, feeling in charge of yourself’:
Psychological Need: Autonomy
4%
5%
13%
16%
26%
24%
13%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: feeling in control of your life most of the time -
on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 21% 63% 4.8
Male 16% 70% 5.1
Female 26% 56% 4.5
18-24 34% 41% 4.1
25-34 34% 48% 4.2
35-44 24% 63% 4.7
45-54 18% 62% 4.8
55+ 10% 81% 5.5
23. 23
‘The giving and receiving of attention are both vital forms of nutrition that fuel
our development. Paying attention to each other forms part of our group bond as
a gregarious species and helps us maintain a shared sense of reality’:
Psychological Need: Attention – Receiving
2%
4%
11%
18%
27%
23%
16%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: feeling you receive enough attention from
others - on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 17% 66% 5.0
Male 13% 68% 5.1
Female 21% 63% 4.9
18-24 23% 61% 4.7
25-34 19% 64% 4.8
35-44 20% 59% 4.8
45-54 18% 64% 4.9
55+ 10% 74% 5.3
24. 24
Psychological Need: Attention – Giving
1%
2%
8%
14%
30%
28%
18%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: feeling you give enough attention from others -
on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 10% 76% 5.3
Male 10% 74% 5.2
Female 10% 77% 5.3
18-24 12% 73% 5.2
25-34 10% 70% 5.1
35-44 17% 68% 5.1
45-54 11% 79% 5.3
55+ 5% 84% 5.5
‘The giving and receiving of attention are both vital forms of nutrition that fuel
our development. Paying attention to each other forms part of our group bond as
a gregarious species and helps us maintain a shared sense of reality’:
25. 25
‘An emotional connection to others through friendships and loving relationships.
We all need at least one person who accepts us for who we are, ‘warts and all’,
who is biased in our favour and will support and defend us’:
Psychological Need: Intimacy
2%
4% 4%
15%
28%
26%
21%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: feeling an emotional connection to others - on a
scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 10% 75% 5.3
Male 9% 74% 5.2
Female 11% 76% 5.3
18-24 17% 66% 4.9
25-34 9% 71% 5.2
35-44 15% 71% 5.0
45-54 10% 75% 5.2
55+ 5% 83% 5.6
26. 26
‘A connection to people outside your immediate family, through
work, hobbies, sport, geographical and cultural communities’:
Psychological Need: Community
3%
8%
12%
21%
28%
17%
11%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: feeling you are connected to some part of a
wider community - on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 23% 56% 4.6
Male 19% 57% 4.7
Female 27% 54% 4.5
18-24 31% 44% 4.3
25-34 33% 41% 4.0
35-44 25% 54% 4.4
45-54 25% 52% 4.5
55+ 11% 72% 5.2
27. 27
‘A feeling you have enough time and space to reflect on, learn from,
and consolidate your experiences’:
Psychological Need: Privacy
2%
3%
7%
11%
24%
27%
26%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: feeling you can obtain privacy when you need
to - on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 12% 77% 5.4
Male 10% 81% 5.5
Female 15% 74% 5.3
18-24 14% 67% 5.1
25-34 18% 70% 5.0
35-44 15% 74% 5.2
45-54 11% 76% 5.3
55+ 7% 88% 5.8
28. 28
‘A sense that you are accepted, valued and have status within the groups
to which you belong (work, family, town, sporting etc); being respected
for who you are and what you can do’:
Psychological Need: Status
5% 5%
9%
23%
26%
21%
11%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: feeling you have status that is acknowledged by
others - on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 19% 58% 4.7
Male 14% 63% 4.9
Female 24% 53% 4.5
18-24 32% 47% 4.3
25-34 23% 49% 4.4
35-44 19% 59% 4.5
45-54 23% 52% 4.6
55+ 10% 70% 5.2
29. 29
‘A sense of your own competence and abilities, knowledge and skills’:
Psychological Need: Competence
3%
4%
6%
14%
26%
25%
22%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: achieving things and feeling competent in at
least one major area of your life - on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 13% 73% 5.2
Male 10% 78% 5.3
Female 15% 69% 5.1
18-24 15% 66% 4.9
25-34 20% 66% 4.8
35-44 15% 71% 5.0
45-54 15% 69% 5.2
55+ 5% 85% 5.7
30. 30
‘A feeling which comes from being stretched, mentally or physically, and
having purpose in what we do, being helpful within our communities, or
being connected to ideas or beliefs greater than ourselves’:
Psychological Need: Meaning
4%
5%
10%
21%
28%
20%
12%
Not met at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well met
Q. Rate, in your judgement, how well the following emotional needs are being met in your life now: feeling mentally and/or physically stretched in
ways which give you a sense that life is meaningful - on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not met at all, and 7 means being very well met.
% Not
Met
(1-3)
% Met
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 19% 60% 4.7
Male 17% 61% 4.8
Female 21% 58% 4.6
18-24 28% 48% 4.4
25-34 23% 51% 4.4
35-44 22% 60% 4.6
45-54 17% 57% 4.7
55+ 11% 71% 5.2
31. 31
Our research provides a snapshot of the degree to which various psychological needs are
currently being met in the Irish adult population.
A number of patterns emerge: men tend to score higher than women in terms of having
their psychological needs met (though not always: women score higher on ‘giving
attention’).
Furthermore, older people tend to score higher than younger people, reflecting perhaps
lifestage differences, but maybe also generational differences (due to different values, use
of social media etc).
In the next section we look at the availability of psychological resources in the population.
Psychological Needs in Ireland
33. 33
We noted the main psychological resources earlier, namely:
Memory – Empathy – Imagination
Emotions – Reason – Pattern Matching
Awareness – Dreams
In this section we look at the degree to which each resource is available across the
Irish population and the main differences by key demographic groups.
Again in defining each of the psychological resources, we have drawn on the free
ebook: ‘Human Givens – The Essentials’ by Julia Welstead* as our guide.
Using Our Psychological Resources
* https://www.hgi.org.uk/free-ebook
34. 34
Using the average mean scores for the total population (on a scale of 1-7), we appear to have strong psychological resources in
terms of being ‘emotionally aware’ and ‘empathetic’. We score lower, however, in terms of resources such as ‘awareness’ and
‘dreams’ (i.e.: sleeping on our problems). We explore each of the psychological resources in the following slides.
Ranking Resources
5.3 5.2
4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8
4.7
4.4
Emotions Empathy Imagination Pattern Matching Reason Memory Awareness Dreams
Q. Rate, in your judgment, how well you manage the following aspects of your life on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not well at all, and 7 means very
well managed.
35. 35
‘The ability to develop complex, long-term memory, which enables you
to add to your innate knowledge, remember experiences & learn’:
Psychological Resource: Memory
3%
4%
9%
20%
28%
24%
11%
Not well at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well
managed
Q. Rate, in your judgment, how well you manage the following aspects of your life on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not well at all, and 7 means
very well managed: using your memory to find new solutions rather than going over past regrets or injustices
% Not
Well
(1-3)
%
Well
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 17% 63% 4.8
Male 14% 67% 5.0
Female 19% 60% 4.7
18-24 29% 42% 4.2
25-34 21% 52% 4.5
35-44 21% 64% 4.8
45-54 17% 64% 4.8
55+ 6% 78% 5.3
36. 36
‘The ability to build rapport, empathize and connect with others, so
you can care for each other and share as a group’:
Psychological Resource: Empathy
1%
3%
6%
14%
32%
30%
14%
Not well at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well
managed
% Not
Well
(1-3)
%
Well
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 10% 76% 5.2
Male 11% 72% 5.1
Female 9% 80% 5.3
18-24 19% 64% 4.7
25-34 10% 78% 5.2
35-44 12% 74% 5.1
45-54 7% 76% 5.3
55+ 6% 80% 5.4
Q. Rate, in your judgment, how well you manage the following aspects of your life on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not well at all, and 7 means
very well managed: building rapport and empathising with others, at home, at work etc
37. 37
‘Using your imagination to focus away from emotions and problem
solve creatively by trying out ideas in your mind’:
Psychological Resource: Imagination
2% 2%
12%
17%
30%
25%
12%
Not well at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well
managed
% Not
Well
(1-3)
%
Well
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 16% 67% 4.9
Male 14% 68% 5.0
Female 17% 66% 4.9
18-24 27% 58% 4.6
25-34 17% 63% 4.8
35-44 17% 70% 4.9
45-54 15% 61% 4.8
55+ 11% 73% 5.2
Q. Rate, in your judgment, how well you manage the following aspects of your life on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not well at all, and 7 means
very well managed: directing your imagination towards a positive view of the future
38. 38
Psychological Resources: Emotions
1%
2%
5%
12%
35%
28%
16%
Not well at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well
managed
% Not
Well
(1-3)
%
Well
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 8% 79% 5.3
Male 8% 78% 5.2
Female 9% 80% 5.3
18-24 11% 71% 5.0
25-34 12% 74% 5.1
35-44 12% 77% 5.2
45-54 6% 82% 5.4
55+ 4% 85% 5.5
‘Using our emotions to help us understand what’s happening around us
and respond accordingly; our emotions drive us to act, quite literally to
move (hence the word ‘motion’)’:
Q. Rate, in your judgment, how well you manage the following aspects of your life on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not well at all, and 7 means
very well managed: being aware of your feelings and emotions and how they affect you
39. 39
‘The ability to ‘know’, to perceive and understand the world
unconsciously through a subtle metaphorical pattern-matching process’:
Psychological Resources: Pattern Matching
2%
3%
8%
18%
35%
23%
11%
Not well at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well
managed
% Not
Well
(1-3)
%
Well
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 14% 68% 4.9
Male 13% 68% 4.9
Female 15% 68% 4.9
18-24 17% 60% 4.7
25-34 18% 65% 4.7
35-44 18% 63% 4.7
45-54 14% 65% 4.9
55+ 7% 78% 5.2
Q. Rate, in your judgment, how well you manage the following aspects of your life on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not well at all, and 7 means
very well managed: awareness of your 'habits of thought' so you can see when your response to experiences is appropriate or inappropriate
40. 40
Psychological Resources: Reason
2%
3%
11%
16%
31%
25%
11%
Not well at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well
managed
% Not
Well
(1-3)
%
Well
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 16% 68% 4.9
Male 11% 73% 5.1
Female 21% 62% 4.7
18-24 33% 42% 4.2
25-34 22% 62% 4.6
35-44 14% 67% 4.9
45-54 17% 68% 4.9
55+ 6% 81% 5.4
Q. Rate, in your judgment, how well you manage the following aspects of your life on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not well at all, and 7 means
very well managed: using your mind to stand back from your emotions in order to solve problems effectively
‘A conscious, rational mind that can check out emotions, analyse,
plan, fine tune, question’:
41. 41
‘The potential to develop an ‘Observing Self’, that part of us which can
step back, be more objective and recognize itself as a unique centre of
awareness separate from intellect, emotion and conditioning’:
Psychological Resources: Awareness
4%
5%
12%
20%
29%
20%
10%
Not well at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well
managed
% Not
Well
(1-3)
%
Well
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 21% 59% 4.7
Male 16% 60% 4.8
Female 25% 58% 4.5
18-24 40% 42% 4.1
25-34 22% 54% 4.5
35-44 21% 59% 4.6
45-54 22% 58% 4.6
55+ 12% 69% 5.0
Q. Rate, in your judgment, how well you manage the following aspects of your life on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not well at all, and 7 means
very well managed: the ability to step back and 'see yourself' having your feelings and thinking your thoughts
42. 42
‘Our brain’s way of both preserving our instincts and defusing uncompleted,
unresolved or unfulfilled emotional arousals (including worries and ruminations)
to create spare mental capacity for the next day’:
Psychological Resources: Dreams
7%
8%
15%
17%
24%
19%
10%
Not well at all 2 3 Neither/nor 5 6 Very well
managed
% Not
Well
(1-3)
%
Well
(5-7)
Mean
Score
Total 30% 52% 4.4
Male 24% 55% 4.6
Female 36% 50% 4.2
18-24 45% 41% 4.0
25-34 36% 44% 4.0
35-44 32% 53% 4.4
45-54 29% 50% 4.4
55+ 20% 63% 4.8
Q. Rate, in your judgment, how well you manage the following aspects of your life on a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 means not well at all, and 7 means
very well managed: being able to 'sleep on your problems' and wake up the next day feeling less stressed and ready for the day ahead
43. 43
Psychological Resources in Ireland
Our research provides a snapshot of the degree to which various psychological resources
are currently available in the Irish adult population.
A number of patterns emerge: there is less of a gender gap between men and women in
terms of the availability of psychological resources compared to their psychological needs,
though women score higher on ‘empathy’ and men on ‘reason’.
However, the age gap is – if anything – even larger in terms of the distribution of
psychological resources compared to needs, which again may reflect lifestage differences,
but maybe also generational differences.
In the next section we look at the statistical relationships between needs, resources and
mental wellbeing.
44. 44
The Influence of Psychological Resources
& Needs on Mental Wellbeing & Other Indicators
45. 45
Using the data from the responses to our survey of 1,000 adults, we are able to get some
insights into the interplay of psychological resources and needs and their impact on mental
health and emotional wellbeing.
The follow tables set out:
i. Correlation analyses showing the statistical relationship between a) happiness and b)
anxiety and the Human Givens data captured in our survey (the correlations between
psychological needs and resources are in the appendix), and
ii. Regression analyses to determine the most significant influences on our measures of
happiness and anxiety, building on the correlation analyses.
Of course, these are not the last word on the topic! Rather, these are preliminary findings
that go some way towards showing the importance of the Human Givens framework as a
guide to understanding the sources of mental wellbeing in Ireland.
What makes us happy or anxious?
46. 46
The tables opposite show the Pearson correlations between our measure
of happiness in the survey (see slide 10). The prefix ‘N’ refers to a
psychological need, and the prefix ‘R’ to a psychological resource.
Almost all the variables in our study are significantly correlated* with
happiness, with the exception of ‘social media’ (see slide 12), and
‘religion’ (see slide 14).
Note that there is also a strong, positive correlation between our
measures of happiness and of anxiety (+0.57: not included in the table),
which isn’t surprising as our ‘anxiety’ measure scores 1 if a respondent
often feels ‘anxious, sad or tired for no reason’; and 7 if a respondent
rarely feels this way.
Psychological needs such as ‘autonomy’, ‘receiving attention’, and
‘competence’ are among the highest correlated with our mesure of
happiness; while psychological resources such as ‘imagination’, ‘memory’
and ‘dreams’ also score high.
Correlations: Happiness Correlations: Happiness
N Autonomy 0.61
R Imagination 0.58
N Attention R 0.56
N Competence 0.55
N Security 0.54
R Memory 0.54
N Status 0.53
N Meaning 0.52
N Intimacy 0.52
R Dreams 0.51
R Awareness 0.50
N Community 0.50
R Pattern Matching 0.47
R Empathy 0.47
Sleep 0.45
R Emotions 0.43
R Reason 0.41
N Privacy 0.36
N Attention G 0.29
Religion 0.15
Social Media 0.02
* https://www.socscistatistics.com/pvalues/pearsondistribution.aspx
47. 47
The tables below show the correlations between our measure of anxiety
in the survey (see slide 11). Again, the prefix ‘N’ refers to a psychological
need, and the prefix ‘R’ to a psychological resource.
Almost all the variables in our study are significantly correlated with
anxiety, marginally so in the case of ‘social media’, and ‘religion’.
The correlations are all ‘positive’ because our measure of anxiety is
graded ‘positively’: i.e.: it equates a high level of anxiety with a low score,
and a low level of anxiety with a high score (consistent with the 7 point
scoring approach used in the Human Givens ENA).
Psychological resources such as ‘dreams’, ‘memory’, and ‘awareness’ are
among the highest correlated; while psychological needs such as
‘autonomy’, ‘security’ and ‘meaning’ also score high.
Note also the high correlation with our measure of sleep quality (slide
13), which supports a key finding from Human Givens research which
emphasises the importance of dreams and sleep to emotional wellbeing.
Correlations: Anxiety Correlations Anxiety
N Autonomy 0.52
R Dreams 0.52
R Memory 0.49
Sleep 0.48
R Awareness 0.47
R Pattern Matching 0.47
N Security 0.46
N Meaning 0.46
N Attention R 0.44
N Status 0.43
N Competence 0.43
N Community 0.41
R Imagination 0.39
R Reason 0.37
N Intimacy 0.35
R Empathy 0.34
N Privacy 0.33
R Emotions 0.30
N Attention G 0.20
Religion 0.17
Social Media 0.16
48. 48
With all the Human Givens variables – needs and resources – significantly correlated with our two measures (what we
call happiness and anxiety), we need to used regression analysis to identify the most important influences on both our
measures. Using stepwise regression analysis, we have identified the following variables as the most powerful
influences on a) happiness and b) anxiety in our study – we have ranked the variables in order of influence using t-stats:
Regression Analyses
Influences on Anxiety: Coefficient T-Stat
Sleep 0.21 8.14
N Autonomy 0.22 6.16
N Meaning 0.15 4.35
R Pattern Matching 0.17 3.81
R Dreams 0.12 3.45
R Memory 0.09 2.10
R-Squared 0.43
Influences on Happiness: Coefficient T-Stat
N Autonomy 0.20 7.63
Sleep 0.12 7.00
R Imagination 0.18 6.17
N Attention R 0.13 4.63
R Memory 0.11 4.34
N Intimacy 0.10 3.61
R Empathy 0.09 3.22
R-Squared 0.55
It would appear that both higher levels of happiness – and lower levels of anxiety – are driven by quality of sleep and by
the psychological need for autonomy: however, there are clearly other factors at play, given the R-Squared measures.
49. 49
There is no one, all-encompassing influence on either happiness or anxiety.
All the Human Givens – both needs and resources – are significantly correlated with
our measures of happiness and anxiety: and at an individual level, people will
undoubtedly have different unmet needs and access to different levels of resources
to meet their needs compared to others.
But our study has been designed to evaluate Human Givens at a population level, and
it is clear from our findings that some of the same factors contribute to both
happiness and the avoidance of anxiety/sadness – such as autonomy and good sleep
– but the relative importance of other factors varies when the task is explaining the
incidence of happiness versus the incidence of anxiety/sadness/depression.
No magic formula
51. 51
The Givens of Being Human
Our study has given us valuable insights into the role of psychological needs and psychological
resources – as explored in the Human Givens framework – in driving mental health and emotional
wellbeing.
It is important to stress that this is a ‘toe in the water’ when it comes to measuring and analysing
psychological needs, resources and mental health: there is a growing debate about a) what is
happiness; b) how to measure it; c) what is depression; and d) how to measure it – and we have only
skimmed the surface of a growing literature on the issues.
Nevertheless, our analysis shows that the Human Givens framework has considerable explanatory
power as a tool for explaining wider societal trends, not just individual client needs in a therapeutic
context.
We hope that the Human Givens framework will be used by others seeking insight and solutions to
the mental health problems facing Ireland today.
52. 52
Additional Resources
Human Givens Institute: https://www.hgi.org.uk/
Human Givens College: https://www.humangivenscollege.com/
Dublin Human Givens Centre: http://dublinhumangivens.ie/
More on Human Givens: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_givens
Mental health support services:
- Aware: https://www.aware.ie/
- Jigsaw: https://www.jigsaw.ie/
Amárach report on the Big 5 Personality Traits in Ireland:
https://www.slideshare.net/amarach/the-big-5-personality-traits-in-ireland-2017
53. e. info@amarach.com
t. 01 410 5200
w. www.amarach.com
b. www.amarach.com/blog
Tw. twitter.com/AmarachResearch
s. slideshare.net/amarach/