Ammeter, voltmeter, wattmeter, power factor meterHome
What is Ammeter, its working principle and its three Ammeter method. What is Voltmeter, working principle and three Voltmeter Method. Watt meter and its working principle.
Ammeter, voltmeter, wattmeter, power factor meterHome
What is Ammeter, its working principle and its three Ammeter method. What is Voltmeter, working principle and three Voltmeter Method. Watt meter and its working principle.
Extra high voltage long ac transmission linesShivagee Raj
From economical point of view designing of transmission line system is very important in the electricity supply system. Extra High Voltage Transmission Lines are best suited for transmission of bulk power.
This PPT explains about the circuit breaker, and its types. Then about the need and purpose of the circuit breaker. And finally the testing and types of testing of circuit breakers.
Extra high voltage long ac transmission linesShivagee Raj
From economical point of view designing of transmission line system is very important in the electricity supply system. Extra High Voltage Transmission Lines are best suited for transmission of bulk power.
This PPT explains about the circuit breaker, and its types. Then about the need and purpose of the circuit breaker. And finally the testing and types of testing of circuit breakers.
Measurement of Motion, Force
and Torque - Displacement and speed measurement for translational and rotation systems using
potentiometers, LVDT and RVDT, Encoders, accelerometers and gyroscopes. Force and Torque
measurements using strain gauges and piezoelectric pickups.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
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Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
2. MEGGER
The term megger or megohmmeter refers to an
instrument for measuring high voltage electrical
insulation.
“Megger” is the brand name of the first portable
insulation measuring instrument.
Also, insulation resistance tester known as megger
is small in size, portable and popular
Practically, it is used in operation of continuity,
short circuit and open circuit tests of electrical
installation.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8. A Megger has a crank shaft with clutch mechanism.
We can vary the speed of cranking with a help of
clutch.
This arrangement is located between magnets. The
whole setup is called DC Generator.
On the left side of the DC generator, there is a scale
showing the resistance values from 0 to infinity.
The circuit consists of two coils Coil-A and Coil-B.
Both the coils are connected to the DC generator
9. Megger operates on the principle that current
flowing through a conductor placed in a magnetic
field experiences a torque. Mathematically, the force
is proportional to the current and the magnetic flux.
Where, Vector Force = force and direction of the
current and magnetic field.
Case (I): If the resistance has a higher value then the
pointer on the device coil will move towards infinity.
Case(II): If the resistance value is low then the
pointer will indicate zero resistance.
10. WORKING
When the current flows from the generator,
through the pressure coil, the coil tends to set
itself at right angles to the field of the
permanent magnet.
When the test terminals are open,
corresponding to infinite resistance, no current
flows through deflection coil.
The supply to the meter is usually given by a
hand driven permanent magnet dc generator.
11.
12. Thus the pressure coil governs the motion of the
moving element making it move to its extreme
anticlockwise position.
The pointer comes to rest at the infinity end of the
scale.
When the test terminals are short circuited (zero
resistance), the current from the generator flowing
through the current coil is large enough to produce
sufficient torque to overcome the counter-clockwise
torque of the pressure coil.
Due to this, pointer moves over a scale showing
zero resistance.
13.
14. When the high resistance to be tested is
connected between terminals T1 and T2 the
opposing torques of the coils balance each other
so that pointer attains a stationary position at
some intermediate point on scale.
The scale is calibrated in mega ohms .
15. Advantages of Hand Operated Megger
Still keeps important in such high-tech world as it’s
an oldest method for IR value determination.
No external source required to operate.
Cheaper available in market.
Disadvantages of Hand Operated Megger
At least 2 person required to operate i.e. one for
rotation of crank other to connect megger with
electrical system to be tested.
Accuracy is not up to the level as it’s varies with
rotation of crank.
Require very high care & safety during use of the
same.
16.
17.
18. LCR meter
LCR meters can be understood as a multimeter,
this is because it can measure resistance,
inductance, capacitance as per the
requirement.
The significant component of LCR meter is
the Wheatstone bridge and RC ratio arm
circuits.
The component whose value is to be measured is
connected in one of the arms of the bridge. There
are different provisions for the different type of
measurements.
19. If the value of resistance is to be measured, then
Wheatstone bridge comes into picture while the
value of inductance and capacitance can be
measured by comparing it with standard capacitor
present in RC ratio arm circuit.
20.
21. Working of LCR Meter
The bridge is adjusted in null position in order to
balance it completely.
Besides, the sensitivity of the meter should also be
adjusted along with balancing of the bridge.
The output from the bridge is fed to emitter follower
circuit.
The emitter follower is widely used as a buffer
amplifier to reduce the loading on the previous
stage and provide a lower impedance output for
any following circuits.
22. The output from emitter follower circuit is given as
an input to detector amplifier.
The significance of detector amplifier can be
understood by the fact that if the measuring
signal is low in magnitude, it will not be able to
move the indicator of PMMC meter.
Thus, in order to achieve the sustainable
indication, we need to have a high magnitude
measuring signal.
The rectifier is used in the circuit to convert the
AC signal into DC signal.
When the bridge is provided with AC excitation
then at the output end of the bridge the AC signal
needs transformation into DC signal.