media course week15.ppt
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This document discusses various approaches to media research, including studying the impacts of media messages, analyzing copycat incidents inspired by media, and key theories like the hypodermic needle model and cultivation effect. It also outlines three main scientific approaches: experimental research, survey research, and content analysis. Finally, it discusses cultural approaches like textual analysis, audience studies, and political economy perspectives.
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Cultivation Theory examines the long-term effects of television exposure on viewers' perceptions of social reality. Developed by George Gerbner in the late 1960s, it suggests that the more time people spend watching television, the more likely they are to believe the portrayals of social reality on television. Gerbner's research found that heavy television viewers perceived the world as a more dangerous place than light viewers, with higher estimated risks of criminal victimization, perceived police activity, and general mistrust of people. The theory posits that extensive television viewing can "cultivate" perspectives among viewers that align with the frequently dramatized portrayals on television.
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Heavy television viewers are exposed to more violence according to Cultivation Theory. Those who watch 4+ hours per day have a perception that the world is more dangerous, known as the "Mean World Syndrome." The theory proposes that heavy television exposure shapes viewers' understanding of social reality. It cultivates perceptions of violence and fear among heavy viewers compared to those who watch less. The theory was developed by George Gerbner over decades of research analyzing violence in television programming and its effects on viewers' beliefs.
Brief history of media studies
This document provides a timeline and overview of major approaches in media studies from the 1940s to the 1970s. It discusses functionalism in the 1940s which looked at how media influences society. In the 1960s, effects studies examined media influence on individuals, and cultivation theory argued media has small gradual effects. Critical theory in the 1960s viewed media as "dumbing down" audiences. Uses and gratifications theory in the 1970s saw audiences as active in using media to fulfill needs. Media ecology emerged in the 1970s and examined how media shapes society.
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This chapter discusses the history of media research, current theories and research, and controversies in understanding media effects. It outlines the evolution of media research from early fears and propaganda studies to modern analyses of television effects and new media usage. Current theories examine powerful and minimal effects models as well as flow theories. Research perspectives include diffusion of innovations and cultural studies approaches. Understanding media impact is challenging due to limitations of research and distinguishing correlation from causation.
Section A: Passive Audience Theory
This document provides an overview of audience theory, including both "effects" models that consider how media impacts audiences, and different types of audience members (passive vs. active). It discusses the "preferred reading" theory, where media producers promote a particular interpretation that most audiences accept. The cultural effects model is explained, viewing audiences as passive recipients of ideological messages from media owners that gradually influence society over time. Key theories covered include the hypodermic syringe model, two-step flow, uses and gratifications, and cultivation theory.
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This document provides an overview of audience theory, including both "effects" models that consider how media impacts audiences, and different types of audience members (passive vs. active). It discusses the "preferred reading" theory, where media producers promote a particular interpretation that most audiences accept. The cultural effects model is explained, seeing audiences as passive recipients of ideological messages from media owners over long periods, gradually influencing societal norms and values. Key theories covered include the hypodermic syringe model of direct media effects and cultivation theory involving television's influence through repeated messages like promoting a "mean world."
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Cultivation Theory proposes that heavy television viewing can influence viewers' perceptions of social reality. Developed by George Gerbner in the 1960s, it suggests effects occur gradually over time through repeated exposure. Gerbner's research found heavy viewers perceived the world as more dangerous and estimated criminal activity was higher than light viewers. His Cultural Indicators project also found heavy viewing resulted in viewers developing similar mainstream perspectives and past experiences with violence being amplified.
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ITFT_Media_Cultivation theory
Cultivation Theory examines the long-term effects of television exposure on viewers' perceptions of social reality. Developed by George Gerbner in the late 1960s, it suggests that the more time people spend watching television, the more likely they are to believe the portrayals of social reality on television. Gerbner's research found that heavy television viewers perceived the world as a more dangerous place than light viewers, with higher estimated risks of criminal victimization, perceived police activity, and general mistrust of people. The theory posits that extensive television viewing can "cultivate" perspectives among viewers that align with the frequently dramatized portrayals on television.
Cultivation Theory -methods and analysis
Heavy television viewers are exposed to more violence according to Cultivation Theory. Those who watch 4+ hours per day have a perception that the world is more dangerous, known as the "Mean World Syndrome." The theory proposes that heavy television exposure shapes viewers' understanding of social reality. It cultivates perceptions of violence and fear among heavy viewers compared to those who watch less. The theory was developed by George Gerbner over decades of research analyzing violence in television programming and its effects on viewers' beliefs.
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This document provides a timeline and overview of major approaches in media studies from the 1940s to the 1970s. It discusses functionalism in the 1940s which looked at how media influences society. In the 1960s, effects studies examined media influence on individuals, and cultivation theory argued media has small gradual effects. Critical theory in the 1960s viewed media as "dumbing down" audiences. Uses and gratifications theory in the 1970s saw audiences as active in using media to fulfill needs. Media ecology emerged in the 1970s and examined how media shapes society.
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This chapter discusses the history of media research, current theories and research, and controversies in understanding media effects. It outlines the evolution of media research from early fears and propaganda studies to modern analyses of television effects and new media usage. Current theories examine powerful and minimal effects models as well as flow theories. Research perspectives include diffusion of innovations and cultural studies approaches. Understanding media impact is challenging due to limitations of research and distinguishing correlation from causation.
Section A: Passive Audience Theory
This document provides an overview of audience theory, including both "effects" models that consider how media impacts audiences, and different types of audience members (passive vs. active). It discusses the "preferred reading" theory, where media producers promote a particular interpretation that most audiences accept. The cultural effects model is explained, viewing audiences as passive recipients of ideological messages from media owners that gradually influence society over time. Key theories covered include the hypodermic syringe model, two-step flow, uses and gratifications, and cultivation theory.
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This document provides an overview of audience theory, including both "effects" models that consider how media impacts audiences, and different types of audience members (passive vs. active). It discusses the "preferred reading" theory, where media producers promote a particular interpretation that most audiences accept. The cultural effects model is explained, seeing audiences as passive recipients of ideological messages from media owners over long periods, gradually influencing societal norms and values. Key theories covered include the hypodermic syringe model of direct media effects and cultivation theory involving television's influence through repeated messages like promoting a "mean world."
Cultivation theory
Cultivation Theory proposes that heavy television viewing can influence viewers' perceptions of social reality. Developed by George Gerbner in the 1960s, it suggests effects occur gradually over time through repeated exposure. Gerbner's research found heavy viewers perceived the world as more dangerous and estimated criminal activity was higher than light viewers. His Cultural Indicators project also found heavy viewing resulted in viewers developing similar mainstream perspectives and past experiences with violence being amplified.
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Communications and media have changed dramatically in recent decades. The document discusses several theoretical perspectives on how media influences culture and society. It analyzes the role of media through the lenses of functionalism, political economy, public sphere theory, and hyperreality. Scholars debate whether contemporary society reflects more of an Orwellian or Huxleyan vision of media control and the challenges it presents for democracy.
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The document discusses several theories related to how media affects audiences:
- The hypodermic needle theory suggests media has a direct effect on audiences by "injecting" ideas and behaviors, but it is an oversimplified view.
- Cultivation theory proposes that repeated exposure to media shapes peoples' perceptions of reality over time, even for light viewers, by reinforcing mainstream values.
- Reception theory focuses on the active role of audiences in interpreting meanings from media texts based on their own experiences and contexts, rather than meanings intended by producers. Different audiences can derive different readings from the same text.
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The hypodermic needle theory from the 1940s-1950s suggested that mass media had a direct and powerful influence on audiences by "injecting" them with messages that would trigger desired responses. It viewed audiences as passive receivers who uncritically accepted whatever messages they were exposed to via radio, television, advertising, and propaganda. This theory is now considered outdated as later research found that audiences interact with media in more complex ways and are not uniformly influenced. The radio broadcast of "War of the Worlds" led some listeners to mistakenly believe the fictional story of a Martian invasion was real news, demonstrating how early audiences may have passively accepted media messages. However, the hypodermic needle theory fails to account for differences
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This document discusses several theories related to media effects:
- Uses and Gratifications Theory posits that people actively seek out media to fulfill certain needs rather than passively receiving media messages.
- Cultivation Theory argues that heavy television viewing can influence viewers' beliefs about the world by cultivating exaggerated perceptions of issues like violence.
- Agenda-Setting Theory holds that media can influence the public agenda by drawing attention to certain issues and making them more salient.
- Gatekeeping refers to how editors and producers control the flow of news by selecting stories based on perceived audience interest and importance.
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The document discusses various theories about media audiences and effects. It covers topics like:
1) Audience research that produces data on audience behavior and responses to help media producers. It also discusses how audience research is used to test audience theories.
2) Different audience theories ranging from direct effects theory to theories of active audiences. It places these theories on a spectrum from more behaviorist to more active audience-centered.
3) Historical examples of "moral panics" about new media and the idea that media are often blamed for societal issues. Several specific theories and models are also summarized briefly, including cultivation theory, uses and gratifications, and the two-step flow model.
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The document summarizes several audience theories:
1) The hypodermic model suggests audiences passively absorb media messages without criticism, like a hypodermic needle. The 1938 "War of the Worlds" radio broadcast caused widespread panic, supporting this theory.
2) Cultivation theory argues heavy TV viewing shapes viewers' beliefs that the real world resembles TV depictions, like the perception that crime is increasing.
3) Desensitization theory claims repeated exposure to on-screen violence reduces sensitivity to real violence, shown through studies on video game players and the 1999 Columbine shooting.
4) Mimetic behavior theory proposes audiences may copy behaviors seen in media, discussed in relation to criminal acts and children mimicking TV
Bullet theory
The Hypodermic Needle Theory originated in the 1920s and posits that media has the power to directly inject influential messages into passive audiences, similar to how a hypodermic needle injects a substance. It assumes media can strongly impact public opinion and behavior in a uniform way. While influential early on, it is now seen as too simplistic given that audiences can reject messages and media effects vary between individuals and are influenced by other factors.
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George Gerbner was a media researcher who studied the effects of television violence for over 30 years. He founded the Cultural Indicators Project in 1968 to analyze television content and its effects on viewers' perceptions of the world. Gerbner developed cultivation theory, which proposes that heavy television viewers come to see the real world as similar to the fictional world portrayed on TV. The Cultural Indicators Project monitored television programming to measure the amount of violence and how it impacted viewers' beliefs about society.
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The document discusses three theories about how media affects audiences:
1. Temperament theory suggests people's reactions to media are based on their innate personality traits and will not be changed by what they watch.
2. Desensitization theory argues that repeated exposure to violent media can cause people to become accustomed to violence and less shocked by it.
3. Social learning theory maintains that people learn behaviors by imitating role models, so observing violence in media may encourage real-world aggression. However, the evidence for each theory is mixed.
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This document provides an overview of audience theory, including key theorists and concepts. It discusses primary, secondary and tertiary media; passive and active audiences; and effects versus uses and gratifications models. Key theorists mentioned include Katz & Bulmer, Morley, Hall, Ang, and Katz & Lazerfield. Central concepts covered include encoding/decoding, cultivation analysis, situated culture, and moral panics. The document also references studies by Morley, Ang, and Buckingham and evaluates whether older audience models still apply given changes in media forms and technologies.
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The document summarizes Cultivation Theory, which was developed by Professor George Gerbner to analyze the long-term effects of television viewing. Some key points:
- Cultivation Theory predicts that heavy television viewing shapes peoples' perceptions of the real world by cultivating exaggerated beliefs, such as that the world is a more violent place.
- Studies found heavy viewers overestimated statistics like crime rates compared to light viewers. This supported the theory's key concept of a "Mean World Syndrome" from extensive television exposure.
- The theory was later modified to include the concepts of "Mainstreaming," where heavy viewing converges viewpoints across groups, and "Resonance," where effects are stronger for vulnerable populations.
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Cultivation theory proposes that heavy television viewing can influence people's perceptions of social reality. Developed by George Gerbner, cultivation theory suggests that the more time people spend watching television, the more likely they are to believe portrayals of the world reflected in television programming. In particular, heavy television viewers may overestimate occurrences of violence and hold more fearful views than light viewers. Cultivation theory research involves large surveys and experiments that relate television viewing habits to perceptions of issues like crime rates and personal safety.
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The document discusses several theories related to how media affects audiences:
- The hypodermic needle theory suggests media has a direct effect on audiences by "injecting" ideas and behaviors, but it is an oversimplified view.
- Cultivation theory proposes that repeated exposure to media shapes peoples' perceptions of reality over time, even for light viewers, by reinforcing mainstream values.
- Reception theory focuses on the active role of audiences in interpreting meanings from media texts based on their own experiences and contexts, rather than meanings intended by producers. Different audiences can derive different readings from the same text.
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This document provides an overview of key readings and themes for a university course on media studies and the active audience. It discusses early research on media effects that viewed audiences as passive. It then covers developments like Hall's encoding/decoding model, Morley's Nationwide study, and the uses and gratification perspective that saw audiences as active. More recent topics examined include audience engagement with digital media and examples of fan cultures interacting with television texts across multiple platforms.
Hypodermic needle
The hypodermic needle theory from the 1940s-1950s suggested that mass media had a direct and powerful influence on audiences by "injecting" them with messages that would trigger desired responses. It viewed audiences as passive receivers who uncritically accepted whatever messages they were exposed to via radio, television, advertising, and propaganda. This theory is now considered outdated as later research found that audiences interact with media in more complex ways and are not uniformly influenced. The radio broadcast of "War of the Worlds" led some listeners to mistakenly believe the fictional story of a Martian invasion was real news, demonstrating how early audiences may have passively accepted media messages. However, the hypodermic needle theory fails to account for differences
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A meta-analysis study looked at surveys of TV viewers and categorized them as light (less than 2 hours), medium (2-4 hours), or heavy (4+ hours) viewers. The study found that heavy TV viewers were more likely to feel that the elderly population is declining and perceive the world as more violent than it really is due to cultivation from television portrayals. Heavy viewers also more readily accepted stereotypes and traditional gender roles shown in media. However, the presentation notes that media may not be the only influencing factor and more research is needed.
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This document discusses several theories related to media effects:
- Uses and Gratifications Theory posits that people actively seek out media to fulfill certain needs rather than passively receiving media messages.
- Cultivation Theory argues that heavy television viewing can influence viewers' beliefs about the world by cultivating exaggerated perceptions of issues like violence.
- Agenda-Setting Theory holds that media can influence the public agenda by drawing attention to certain issues and making them more salient.
- Gatekeeping refers to how editors and producers control the flow of news by selecting stories based on perceived audience interest and importance.
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The document discusses various theories about media audiences and effects. It covers topics like:
1) Audience research that produces data on audience behavior and responses to help media producers. It also discusses how audience research is used to test audience theories.
2) Different audience theories ranging from direct effects theory to theories of active audiences. It places these theories on a spectrum from more behaviorist to more active audience-centered.
3) Historical examples of "moral panics" about new media and the idea that media are often blamed for societal issues. Several specific theories and models are also summarized briefly, including cultivation theory, uses and gratifications, and the two-step flow model.
Audience a2
The document summarizes several audience theories:
1) The hypodermic model suggests audiences passively absorb media messages without criticism, like a hypodermic needle. The 1938 "War of the Worlds" radio broadcast caused widespread panic, supporting this theory.
2) Cultivation theory argues heavy TV viewing shapes viewers' beliefs that the real world resembles TV depictions, like the perception that crime is increasing.
3) Desensitization theory claims repeated exposure to on-screen violence reduces sensitivity to real violence, shown through studies on video game players and the 1999 Columbine shooting.
4) Mimetic behavior theory proposes audiences may copy behaviors seen in media, discussed in relation to criminal acts and children mimicking TV
Bullet theory
The Hypodermic Needle Theory originated in the 1920s and posits that media has the power to directly inject influential messages into passive audiences, similar to how a hypodermic needle injects a substance. It assumes media can strongly impact public opinion and behavior in a uniform way. While influential early on, it is now seen as too simplistic given that audiences can reject messages and media effects vary between individuals and are influenced by other factors.
Case study music videos
This document discusses the regulation of music videos in the UK by OFCOM. OFCOM creates laws around protecting those under 18, including observing the watershed hours of 9pm-5:30am. Music video channels like MTV edit videos to make them suitable for TV, banning or censoring videos with inappropriate content like sex, drugs, or violence. Certain popular music videos have been banned for their explicit lyrics or sexual imagery.
Gerbner - Mainstreaming Violence (part 1)
George Gerbner was a media researcher who studied the effects of television violence for over 30 years. He founded the Cultural Indicators Project in 1968 to analyze television content and its effects on viewers' perceptions of the world. Gerbner developed cultivation theory, which proposes that heavy television viewers come to see the real world as similar to the fictional world portrayed on TV. The Cultural Indicators Project monitored television programming to measure the amount of violence and how it impacted viewers' beliefs about society.
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The document discusses institutions that produce mass media texts. It notes that media institutions are highly regulated global businesses that are profit-driven and hierarchical. They produce media texts through a production process and nurture individual talents, while also addressing issues of ideology, representation, and power. However, some alternative and independent media challenge the values of commercial institutions. The document then examines issues of power and control in media, providing case studies on Sheryl Crow's criticism of Wal-Mart and lack of women in Hollywood production roles. Finally, it discusses theories of cultural industries and imperialism.
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The document discusses three theories about how media affects audiences:
1. Temperament theory suggests people's reactions to media are based on their innate personality traits and will not be changed by what they watch.
2. Desensitization theory argues that repeated exposure to violent media can cause people to become accustomed to violence and less shocked by it.
3. Social learning theory maintains that people learn behaviors by imitating role models, so observing violence in media may encourage real-world aggression. However, the evidence for each theory is mixed.
Assignment 8 draft 3
The documentary examines whether violence in media causes behavioral problems in children. It explores the debates on the topic and opinions of parents and psychologists. Studies presented show both evidence that media violence can influence aggression as well as evidence that no definitive link has been found. The purpose is to help parents understand the different perspectives on this issue as many children frequently watch movies, play video games, and consume other media.
What is news? Elements of Newsworthiness
Millennials are strong news consumers who primarily get their news through social media like Facebook rather than traditional sources. A study found that over 60% of millennials regularly keep up with news online, with news ranking as the third most frequent online activity. While traditional news values focus on timeliness, prominence, proximity, and other factors, digital media is evolving news through participatory and shareable elements. Stories like Kony 2012 show how user participation can drive news spread online. The document discusses different types of news and encourages selecting news topics to curate through tools like Storify.
Audience
Soap opera fans claim that these programs satisfy several of their needs according to uses and gratification theory:
- Cognitive needs - Learning about relationships and social issues through the stories of characters.
- Affective needs - Feeling emotionally invested in characters provides a sense of well-being.
- Personal integrative needs - Identifying with characters who face similar relationship issues helps with personal identity.
- Social integrative needs - Viewers can "work through" arguments about relationships and society through the stories, while remaining removed from directly facing these issues themselves.
So while uses and gratification appears to empower audiences, the needs it describes are still focused on accepting the intentions of media producers rather than audiences truly using media
Stereotyping.pptx
Gender Studies is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the complex interaction of gender with other identity markers such as race, ethnicity, sexuality, nation, and religion. Gender— femininity and masculinity—is such a basic form of social organization that its operation often passes unnoticed.
Audiencetheory 111009080628-phpapp02
This document provides an overview of audience theory, including key theorists and concepts. It discusses primary, secondary and tertiary media; passive and active audiences; and effects versus uses and gratifications models. Key theorists mentioned include Katz & Bulmer, Morley, Hall, Ang, and Katz & Lazerfield. Central concepts covered include encoding/decoding, cultivation analysis, situated culture, and moral panics. The document also references studies by Morley, Ang, and Buckingham and evaluates whether older audience models still apply given changes in media forms and technologies.
Cultivation Theory
The document summarizes Cultivation Theory, which was developed by Professor George Gerbner to analyze the long-term effects of television viewing. Some key points:
- Cultivation Theory predicts that heavy television viewing shapes peoples' perceptions of the real world by cultivating exaggerated beliefs, such as that the world is a more violent place.
- Studies found heavy viewers overestimated statistics like crime rates compared to light viewers. This supported the theory's key concept of a "Mean World Syndrome" from extensive television exposure.
- The theory was later modified to include the concepts of "Mainstreaming," where heavy viewing converges viewpoints across groups, and "Resonance," where effects are stronger for vulnerable populations.
-
Cultivation theory
Cultivation theory proposes that heavy television viewing can influence people's perceptions of social reality. Developed by George Gerbner, cultivation theory suggests that the more time people spend watching television, the more likely they are to believe portrayals of the world reflected in television programming. In particular, heavy television viewers may overestimate occurrences of violence and hold more fearful views than light viewers. Cultivation theory research involves large surveys and experiments that relate television viewing habits to perceptions of issues like crime rates and personal safety.
L2mods and rockers intro copy
This document discusses representation of youth culture in various media forms and the concept of moral panics. It begins with starter tasks defining key concepts like moral panics and folk devils. It then examines how youth culture was portrayed in different media like television, news, films and social media. The document analyzes the mods vs rockers conflict in the 1960s as an example of a moral panic, where the press exaggerated events and demonized these groups. Finally, it discusses how collective identities and belonging influence perceptions of youth and how the media continues to shape views of teenagers.
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El documento resume la situación demográfica y económica del Perú. La población peruana ha crecido constantemente entre 2001 y 2015. Lima es la región más poblada y ha aumentado su población en más de 7 millones de personas durante este período. La economía peruana ha experimentado un fuerte crecimiento en los últimos años, con tasas de crecimiento del PIB superiores al 6% en 2012, impulsada por la inversión privada y pública. Sin embargo, existen desafíos para garantizar un crecimiento sostenible a larg
El ciclo del hábito.pptx
Este documento resume el ciclo del hábito según Charles Duhigg y presenta una actividad para que los estudiantes identifiquen sus propias rutinas. Explica que el ciclo del hábito consta de cuatro pasos: 1) identificar la rutina, 2) experimentar las recompensas, 3) identificar el disparador de entrada y 4) tener un plan para modificar la conducta. Luego, pide a los estudiantes presentar una matriz de sus propias rutinas y recuerda que cambiar conductas lleva trabajo y esfuerzo.
Hatshepsut_PPT.pptx
Hatshepsut was the fifth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty in Egypt. She became regent after the death of Thutmose II until Thutmose III came of age, and they ruled jointly for some time. Hatshepsut challenged gender norms by taking on the role and image of a male pharaoh. She initiated extensive building projects and expanded trade networks during her prosperous reign, establishing herself as a powerful ruler through relationship with the god Amen and portrayals of her divine authority.
hho_acctg09GE_inppt05_ppt.ppt
The document describes accounting procedures for merchandising businesses, including inventory systems, purchasing and selling inventory, adjusting entries, and closing entries. It discusses two types of inventory systems - perpetual and periodic - and how to account for purchases and sales under a perpetual system. Specific topics covered include journalizing purchases and returns, payments with and without discounts, sales and returns/allowances, and closing revenue, expense, and inventory accounts at year end. Worked examples are provided to illustrate accounting for inventory purchases, sales, returns and allowances, and payment terms.
hho_acctg09GE_inppt05B_ppt.ppt
The document provides information about Beach Day Coolers, including its trial balance, adjusting entries, income statement, statement of owner's equity, and balance sheet for the year ended December 31, 2012. Key points covered include adjusting the inventory account based on a physical count, and carrying other merchandising accounts like sales revenue and cost of goods sold. The worksheet procedures are the same as for a service business.
hho_acctg09GE_inppt02_ppt (1).ppt
The document discusses accounting concepts such as journals, ledgers, debits and credits, and the transaction recording process. It provides examples of journalizing transactions, posting to T-accounts, and preparing a trial balance. Key steps covered include identifying accounts and amounts, determining if accounts increase or decrease using debit/credit rules, recording in the journal, and copying to the ledger. The goal is for total debits to equal total credits on the trial balance.
hho_acctg09GE_inppt06_ppt.ppt
The document provides information on inventory accounting principles and methods. It defines inventory costing methods such as specific unit cost, FIFO, LIFO, and average cost. It demonstrates how to account for perpetual inventory using each of these three main costing methods. The effects of the different costing methods on ending inventory, cost of goods sold, and net income are compared. The document also discusses applying the lower-of-cost-or-market rule to inventory valuation and estimating ending inventory using the gross profit method.
Worksheet for a Merchandising Business.ppt
The document provides information about Beach Day Coolers, including its trial balance, adjusting entries, income statement, statement of owner's equity, and balance sheet for the year ended December 31, 2012. Key points covered include adjusting the inventory account based on a physical count, and preparing the multiple financial statements and closing entries.
Arab spring.pptx
The revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt shared some similarities but ultimately led to different outcomes. Both overthrew long-standing authoritarian regimes in 2011 but Tunisia has transitioned more successfully to democracy while Egypt has reverted to authoritarianism. Key factors in Tunisia's success include stronger civil society, political compromise across ideological lines, and support from international actors for democratic reforms. Egypt has struggled due to political polarization, an influential military with authoritarian tendencies, and a lack of consensus on democratic values and institutions.
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Data-Driven Personalization: Build a Competitive Advantage by Knowing Your Customers Better Than Your CompetitionGokila digital marketing| consultant| Coimbatore
Myself Gokila digital marketing consultant located in Coimbatore other various types of digital marketing services such as SEM
SEO SMO SMM CAMPAIGNS content writing web design for all your business needs with affordable cost
Digital Marketing Services | Techvolt Software :
Digital Marketing is a latest method of Marketing techniques widely used across the Globe. Digital Marketing is an online marketing technique and methods used for all products and services through Search Engine and Social media advertisements. Previously the marketing techniques were used without using the internet via direct and indirect marketing strategies such as advertising through Telemarketing,Newspapers,Televisions,Posters etc.
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Techvolt Software offers best Digital Marketing services for promoting your products and services through online platform on the below methods of Digital marketing
1. Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
2. Search Engine Marketing (SEM)
3. Social Media Optimization (SMO)
4. Social Media Marketing (SMM)
5. Campaigns
Importance | Need of Digital Marketing (Online Promotions) :
1. Quick Promotions through Online
2. Generation of More leads and Business Enquiries via Search Engine and Social Media Platform
3. Latest Technology development vs Business promotions
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5. Promotion with less investment
Benefits Digital Marketing Services at Techvolt software :
1. Services offered with Affordable cost
2. Free Content writing
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Free Website + Digital Marketing Services
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Spotify: Revolutionizing the Music Streaming Industry
Spotify's unique blend of technology, user-centric design, and industry influence has
cemented its position as a leader in music streaming. By continuously evolving and adapting,
Spotify remains a dominant force, shaping the future of music consumption. As it continues
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Concept of Marketing Information systems .ppt(1).pptx....
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在线办理(英国UWS毕业证书)西苏格兰大学毕业证学位证一模一样
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The digital marketing industry is changing faster than ever and those who don’t adapt with the times are losing market share. Where should marketers be focusing their efforts? What strategies are the experts seeing get the best results? Get up-to-speed with the latest industry insights, trends and predictions for the future in this panel discussion with some leading digital marketing experts.Global Growth Starts With Translation - How To Unlock Global Markets - Tim Kirby
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Customer Experience is not only for B2C and big box brands. Embark on a transformative journey into the realm of B2B customer experience with our masterclass. In this dynamic session, we'll delve into the intricacies of designing and implementing seamless customer journeys that leave a lasting impression. Explore proven strategies and best practices tailored specifically for the B2B landscape, learning how to navigate complex decision-making processes and cultivate meaningful relationships with clients. From initial engagement to post-sale support, discover how to optimize every touchpoint to deliver exceptional experiences that drive loyalty and revenue growth. Join us and unlock the keys to unparalleled success in the B2B arena.
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Mastering Local SEO for Service Businesses in the AI Era"" is tailored specifically for local service providers like plumbers, dentists, and others seeking to dominate their local search landscape. This session delves into leveraging AI advancements to enhance your online visibility and search rankings through the Content Factory model, designed for creating high-impact, SEO-driven content. Discover the Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy, a cost-effective approach to boost your local SEO efforts and attract more customers with minimal investment. Gain practical insights on optimizing your online presence to meet the specific needs of local service seekers, ensuring your business not only appears but stands out in local searches. This concise, action-oriented workshop is your roadmap to navigating the complexities of digital marketing in the AI age, driving more leads, conversions, and ultimately, success for your local service business.
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Embrace AI for Local SEO: Learn to harness the power of AI technologies to optimize your website and content for local search. Understand the pivotal role AI plays in analyzing search trends and consumer behavior, enabling you to tailor your SEO strategies to meet the specific demands of your target local audience. Leverage the Content Factory Model: Discover the step-by-step process of creating SEO-optimized content at scale. This approach ensures a steady stream of high-quality content that engages local customers and boosts your search rankings. Get an action guide on implementing this model, complete with templates and scheduling strategies to maintain a consistent online presence. Maximize ROI with Dollar-a-Day Advertising: Dive into the cost-effective Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy that amplifies your visibility in local searches without breaking the bank. Learn how to strategically allocate your budget across platforms to target potential local customers effectively. The session includes an action guide on setting up, monitoring, and optimizing your ad campaigns to ensure maximum impact with minimal investment.Assignment 2 Task 1: Digital Marketing Course
How Consumers Use Technology And Its Impact On Their Lives
janani Digital Marketer|Digital Marketing consultant|Marketing Promotion|Coim...
Myself Janani Digital marketing consultant located in coimbatore I offer all kinds of digital marketing services for your business requirements such as SEO SMO SMM SMO CAMPAIGNS content writing web design for all your business needs with affordable cost
Digital Marketing Services | Techvolt Software :
Digital Marketing is a latest method of Marketing techniques widely used across the Globe. Digital Marketing is an online marketing technique and methods used for all products and services through Search Engine and Social media advertisements. Previously the marketing techniques were used without using the internet via direct and indirect marketing strategies such as advertising through Telemarketing,Newspapers,Televisions,Posters etc.
List of Services offered in Digital Marketing |Techvolt Software :
Techvolt Software offers best Digital Marketing services for promoting your products and services through online platform on the below methods of Digital marketing
1. Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
2. Search Engine Marketing (SEM)
3. Social Media Optimization (SMO)
4. Social Media Marketing (SMM)
5. Campaigns
Importance | Need of Digital Marketing (Online Promotions) :
1. Quick Promotions through Online
2. Generation of More leads and Business Enquiries via Search Engine and Social Media Platform
3. Latest Technology development vs Business promotions
4. Creation of Social Branding
5. Promotion with less investment
Benefits Digital Marketing Services at Techvolt software :
1. Services offered with Affordable cost
2. Free Content writing
3. Free Dynamic Website design*
4. Best combo offers on website Hosting,design along with digital marketing services
5. Assured Lead Generation through Search Engine and Social Media
6. Online Maintenance Support
Free Website + Digital Marketing Services
Techvolt Software offers Free website design for all customer and clients who is availing the digital marketing services for a minimum period of 6 months.
With Regards
Janani Digital Marketer
Coimbatore,Tamilnadu.
Mastering The Best Restaurant Advertising Campaigns Detailed Guide
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Finding the perfect "Indian Clothing Store Denver" is essential for those seeking vibrant, authentic, and culturally rich attire in the heart of Colorado. Denver, a city known for its diverse culture and eclectic fashion scene, offers a variety of options for those in search of traditional and contemporary Indian clothing. Whether you're preparing for a wedding, festival, or cultural event, or simply wish to incorporate the elegance and beauty of Indian fashion into your wardrobe, discovering the right store can make all the difference.
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Breaking Silos To Break Bank: Shattering The Divide Between Search And Social
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I themed this deck using Baldur's Gate 3 characters: Gale as Search and Astarion as Social
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We’ve entered a new era in digital. Search and AI are colliding, in more ways than one. And they all have major implications for marketers.
• SEOs now use AI to optimize content.
• Google now uses AI to generate answers.
• Users are skipping search completely. They can now use AI to get answers. So AI has changed everything …or maybe not. Our audience hasn’t changed. Their information needs haven’t changed. Their perception of quality hasn’t changed. In reality, the most important things haven’t changed at all. In this session, you’ll learn the impact of AI. And you’ll learn ways that AI can make us better at the classic challenges: getting discovered, connecting through content and staying top of mind with the people who matter most. We’ll use timely tools to rebuild timeless foundations. We’ll do better basics, but with the most advanced techniques. Andy will share a set of frameworks, prompts and techniques for better digital basics, using the latest tools of today. And in the end, Andy will consider - in a brief glimpse - what might be the biggest change of all, and how to expand your footprint in the new digital landscape.
Key Takeaways:
How to use AI to optimize your content
How to find topics that algorithms love
How to get AI to mention your content and your brandHow to Make Your Trade Show Booth Stand Out
Unlock the secrets to creating a standout trade show booth with our comprehensive guide from Blue Atlas Marketing! This presentation is packed with essential tips and innovative strategies to ensure your booth attracts attention, engages visitors, and drives business success. Whether you're a seasoned exhibitor or a first-timer, these expert insights will help you maximize your impact and make a memorable impression in a crowded exhibition hall. Learn how to:
Design an eye-catching and inviting booth
Incorporate interactive elements that engage visitors
Use effective branding and visuals to reinforce your message
Plan your booth layout for maximum traffic flow
Implement technology to enhance the visitor experience
Create memorable experiences that leave a lasting impression
Transform your trade show presence with these proven tactics and ensure your booth stands out from the competition. Download the PDF now and start planning your next successful exhibit!
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media course week15.ppt
- 1. Research is formalized curiosity. It is poking and prying with a purpose. --Zora Neale Hurston, writer
- 2. Media Effects & Cultural Approaches to Research
- 3. Media Research • Studying the impact of messages transmitted by various mass media
- 4. Copycat Incidents • 1966 - NBC, The Doomsday Flight
- 5. Copycat Incidents • 1966 - NBC, The Doomsday Flight • 1985 - Judas Priest court case
- 6. Copycat Incidents • 1966 - NBC, The Doomsday Flight • 1985 - Judas Priest court case • 1993 - Disney movie The Program
- 7. Copycat Incidents • 1966 - NBC, The Doomsday Flight • 1985 - Judas Priest court case • 1993 - Disney movie The Program • 1995 - Oliver Stone’s Natural Born Killers
- 8. Copycat Incidents • 1966 - NBC, The Doomsday Flight • 1985 - Judas Priest court case • 1993 - Disney movie The Program • 1995 - Oliver Stone’s Natural Born Killers • 1999 - Columbine High School Shootings
- 9. Copycat Incidents • 1966 - NBC, The Doomsday Flight • 1985 - Judas Priest court case • 1993 - Disney movie The Program • 1995 - Oliver Stone’s Natural Born Killers • 1999 - Columbine High School Shootings • 2000 - MTV’s Jackass
- 10. Key Theories in Media Research • Hypodermic Needle Model – Leni Riefenstahl films for Hitler: • Triumph of the Will • Olympiad – Orson Welles Oct. 30, 1938 radio broadcast of War of the Worlds
- 11. Key Phases in Media Research • Minimal Effects Model - – Selective exposure – Selective retention
- 12. • For some children, under some conditions, some television is harmful. For other children under the same conditions, or for the same children under other conditions, it may be beneficial. For most children, under most conditions, most television is probably neither particularly harmful nor particularly beneficial.
- 13. Key Phases in Media Research • Uses and Gratifications Model – Why do we use the media?
- 14. Three Main Scientific Approaches 1. Experimental Research – Experimental Group – Control Group – Random Assignment
- 15. Payne Research studies: 1927-1930 • 13 studies, conducted over a 3-yr. period • In one study, the researchers divided the children into various control groups • Some children drank 2 cups of coffee at 8:30 • Some children were kept up until midnight and then awakened really early in the morning • Another group was made to watch movies before bedtime • The study concluded that watching movies caused just as much sleep disturbance as did drinking two cups of coffee at 8:30 p.m.
- 16. • Bobo doll experiment SOCKO!!!!
- 17. Three Main Scientific Approaches 2. Survey Research – Does not control variables – Shows correlations, not causality – But, generalizable to larger population – Problems of validity of questions
- 18. Three Main Scientific Approaches 3. Content Analysis – Systematically code and measure media content
- 19. What counts as “violence” on television? • Is driving a sport-utility vehicle through a stream violent? • Is shooting a man before he sets off a bomb that’s about to kill 100 people violent (or is that a good deed)? • Is a parent screaming at a child violent? • Is it violence if the child screams back? • Is an accidental shooting by a police officer violent? • Is an image of a gun violent? • Is an act of nature violent?
- 20. What counts as “violence” on television? • Is the context of violence important? • If there’s remorse after a violent act, or “real” consequences to violence in a certain program, does that mitigate the conception of violence? Is it possible to count acts of violence? • Can the context of violent acts on television be objectively understood, or is context more a matter of personal interpretation? • If there can be many definitions of violence, how can we decide how much violence is on our screens?
- 21. Theories of Media Effects • The Cultivation Effect: Heavy TV viewing leads individuals to perceive reality in ways that are more consistent with TV’s version of reality. – “mean world syndrome” – Italian TV: Berlusconi
- 22. Theories of Media Effects • The Cultivation Effect: Heavy TV viewing leads individuals to perceive reality in ways that are more consistent with TV’s version of reality. – “mean world syndrome” – Italian TV: Berlusconi
- 23. Theories of Media Effects • Agenda-Setting: The more the news media covers a subject, the more importance audiences attach to that subject. e.g., Earth Day, Jaws, child abduction
- 24. Theories of Media Effects • Spiral of Silence: People are generally scared to voice their opinions if they differ greatly from the opinions presented in the media as “majority” opinions
- 25. Cultural Approaches to Media Research • Cultural Studies – Textual Analysis: close reading of texts
- 26. Cultural Approaches to Media Research • Cultural Studies – Textual Analysis: close reading of texts – Audience Studies: focuses on people who use the text
- 27. Cultural Approaches to Media Research • Cultural Studies – Textual Analysis: close reading of texts – Audience Studies: focuses on people who use the text – How do teenage boys watch WWF wrestling and why? – How do midwestern women read romance novels and why
- 28. Cultural Approaches to Media Research • Cultural Studies – Textual Analysis: close reading of texts – Audience Studies: focuses on people who use the text – Political Economy: focuses on economic and political forces that control media content – Chris Martin – Bettina Fabos
- 29. Cultural Approaches to Media Research • Cultural Studies the cultural approach, unlike media effects research, which is grounded in the social sciences, “does not seek to explain human behavior, but to understand it….It does not attempt to predict human behavior, but to diagnose human meanings.” – James Carey: