The document discusses the mechanics of orthodontic tooth movement. It covers topics such as the nature of orthodontic tooth movement, forces, center of resistance, moments, couples, types of tooth movement including tipping, translation, rotation, intrusion and extrusion. It also discusses force duration types including continuous, interrupted and intermittent forces. Threshold force values and moment to force ratios for different tooth movements are provided.
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Orthodontic tooth movement is basically a biologic response towards a mechanical force. Osteoclast and osteoblast cells mediate bone resorption and apposition, which eventually produces tooth movement. Researches showed that the rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be altered by certain drugs locally or systemically. The Objective of this article is to discuss the current data concerning the effect of drugs on orthodontic tooth movement.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Orthodontic tooth movement is basically a biologic response towards a mechanical force. Osteoclast and osteoblast cells mediate bone resorption and apposition, which eventually produces tooth movement. Researches showed that the rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be altered by certain drugs locally or systemically. The Objective of this article is to discuss the current data concerning the effect of drugs on orthodontic tooth movement.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
biomechanics of space closure in orthodonticcs / fixed orthodontics coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Dr. William Roth
Introduction
The Roth Rx
Reasons For Modification
Treatment Philosophy
Treatment Goals
Roth Rationale
Selection Of Treatment Mechanics
Roth Set-up
Sequencing Of Treatment Objectives
Treatment Mechanics
Anchorage Considerations
Detailing Of Tooth Position
Advantages
Comparisons
Conclusions
What are Vascular Anomalies?
Hemangioma
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Lymphangioma
Cystic Hygroma
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At the End oF this Discussion we will be able to Describe
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Dr. ShahzaD Hussain
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Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
Nishtar Institute Of Dentistry, Multan
SNDENTALCARE.CO
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Nishtar institute of Dentistry, Multan
SNDENTALCARE.CO
CASE PRESENTATION OF A 30 YEAR FEMALE PATIENT WITH av MALFORMATION. THE CASE INCLUDES ALL THE DATA OF THE PATIENT RELEVANT WITH AV MALFORMATION.
Zygoma: Strong buttress of lateral midface lying between zygomatic process of frontal bone and maxilla.
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Orthodontic emergencies
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Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
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Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
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Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
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Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
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Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
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Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
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Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
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1. Mechanics Of
Orhtodontic Tooth
Shahzad Hussain
Final Year BDS
Roll No 52
Movement
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 1
2. In the name of Al lah ,
The mos t gr ac ious ,
The mos t me rc i ful
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 2
3. What is orthodontics ?
Orthodontics is the specialty of dentistry concerned with the
management and treatment
of malocclusion.
In the majority of cases, a malocclusion does not in itself
represent a disease state, but rather a variation from what is
considered ideal
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 3
4. The nature of orthodontic tooth movement :
it has a bio – mechanic nature.
solely based upon stress- strain that
occurs in the PDL environment
the orthodontic tooth movement results
from forces delivered to the teeth
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 4
5. Andrew’s keys for ideal occlusion
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 5
6. The forces are delivered via orthodontic appliances which are
Either fixed or removable
PDL undergoes biological respond upon the mechanical
application of a force i.e to achieve a precise biological
respond the mechanical forces to be delivered should be
precise
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 6
8. 1 center of
resistance.
All objects have a center of
mass.
This is the point through
which an applied force
must pass for a free object
to move linearly without
any rotation,
i.e., the center of mass is an
object’s “balance point.”
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 8
9. analytic studies have
determined that the
center of resistance for
single-rooted teeth with
normal alveolar bone
levels is about 1/4 to 1/3
the distance from the
cementoenamel junction
(CEJ) to the root apex.
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 9
10. Location of the center of resistance depends on the alveolar
bone height and root length
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 10
11. 2 Forces
they are actions applied to bodies
They equals ( mass X acceleration)
F =ma
in clinical orthodontics its unit is
Grams
forces has the characteristics of
vectors i.e magnitude & direction
Note : the diagram shows that the
force vectors characteristics –
magnitude , point of origin &
direction
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 11
13. Clinically the
determination of the
horizontal, vertical, and
transverse components
of a force improves the
understanding of the
direction of tooth
movement
An important point of
view that the
orthodontic tooth
movement is not applied
on the center of rotation
of the tooth as it is
usually delivered
through the tooth crown
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 13
14. As the orthodontic forces are
delivered through the tooth crown
they will not produce a pure linear
movement ,, some rotational
movement will be present ,, those
rotational movements are called
Moment of the force
The moment of the force is the
tendency for a force to produce
rotation.
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 14
15. Its direction is found by
following the line of action around the center of
resistance toward the point of origin
It is determined by
multiplying the magnitude of the force by the
perpendicular distance of the line of action to the center
of resistance
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 15
16. The importance of the moment of a force is
often not recognized in clinical orthodontics,
but awareness of it is needed to develop
effective and efficient appliance designs
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 16
17. 3 Couple
two parallel forces of equal magnitude
acting in opposite directions and separated
by a distance (i.e. different lines of action)
The magnitude of a couple is calculated by
multiplying the magnitude of force(s) by the
distance between them
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 17
18. Couples result in
pure rotational
movement about
the center of
resistance
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 18
19. 4 – Torque
Torque is a common synonym for moment
(both moments of forces and of couples)
Torque is erroneously described in terms of
degrees by many orthodontists.
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 19
20. The appropriate unit for the applied torque is
gram/millimeters (force × distance).
It is the description of the moments that more
accurately describes the rotational components of
a force system and appliance design
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 20
21. Orthodontic wire bends
1st order
2nd order
3rd order
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 21
22. Types of tooth movement :
1. tipping ( controlled & uncontrolled)
2. translation ( bodily )
3. root movement
4. rotation
5. intrusion & extrusion
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 22
24. Tipping
• simplest orthodontic movement
• controlled occurs about the tooth
apex
• uncontrolled occurs about CER
• Force needed is about 50 – 75 gm.
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 24
25. Translation :
• All PDL is uniformly loaded with the
force
•Force needed is about 100 – 150 gm.
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 25
26. Rotation :
needs high force
• occurs around the CER
• Force needed is about 50 – 100 gm
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 26
27. Extrusion :
• needs to produce tension in the PDL ligaments
• Force needed is about 50 gm.
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 27
28. Root movement :
•usually expressed as torque
• the crown is held stationary and the root moves
• CER is the bracket itself
• done by increasing the Moment/Force ratio
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 28
29. Intrusion:
• forces are nearly at the apex
• needs minimum force application
• Force needed is about 15 – 25 gm.
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 29
30. Types of orthodontic forces acc. to Duration
• continuous
• interrupted
• intermitted
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 30
31. Moment / Force ratios
needed for different kinds of tooth movement :
tipping
controlled 5 : 1
uncontrolled 7 : 1
translation 10 : 1
root movement 12 : 1
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 31
32. Threshold --- 6 hrs per day.
No tooth movement if forces are applied less than 6
hrs/d.
From 6 to 24 hrs/d, the longer the force is applied,
the more the teeth will move.
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 32
33. Continuous force :
achievable via fixed orthodontics
Never declines to zero.
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 33
34. Interrupted force :
• force starts heavy then decline to optimal after
that may reach zero
• achievable via removable appliance.
• produces some kind of undermining resorption .
• reactivated every specific time .
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 34
35. Intermittent forces :
declines to zero
very high force 250 – 500 gm.( anch – dist )
achievable via extraoral appliance
needs at least 12 hrs/day to be effective
14 hrs/day is optimal
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 35
36. Thank You
10/29/2014 MEchanics Of orhtodontic tooth Movement 36