This document discusses different types of matrices used in restorative dentistry. It describes the purpose of matrices in confining restorative materials and establishing proper contacts and contours. Several common matrix types are outlined, including Tofflemire, copper band, and custom made matrices. The key components, indications, advantages and disadvantages of each matrix type are provided.

1. BY JANMEJAY B
IV/I

2. *Matrix is a device used during
restorative procedure to hold
the plastic restorative material
within the tooth while it is
setting.
*Matricing is the procedure
whereby a temporary wall is
created opposite to axial walls,
surrounding areas of the tooth
structure that were lost during
the cavity preparation.

3. *Ease of application
*Not be cumbersome
*Ease of removal
*Rigidity
*Provide proper proximal contact and contour
*Non reactive
*Inexpensive

4. *To confine the restorative material while it is
hardening.
*To establish optimal contacts and contour for
the restoration.
*To prevent gingival overhangs of the
restoration.
*To provide an acceptable surface texture for
the restoration.

5. * Food impaction/retention
* Gingival recession Gingival inflammation
* Fractured restoration Drift
* Faulty occlusion
* Distal migration of untreated tooth
* Gingival irritation
* Periodontal complication
* acute abscess or bone loss.
* Shifting of teeth

6. * THERE ARE TWO PARTS IN A MATRIX:
1.BAND
2.RETAINER

7. *Piece of metal or polymeric material
used to support and give form to the
restorative material.
*Bands are usually made up of
stainless steel, cellulose acetate,
cellulose nitrate and polyacetate.
*Band size: 0.001-0.002 inch thickness
and 3/16th, 1/4th, 5/16th inch width.

8. *This is a device by which the
band can be maintained in its
position and shape.
*The retainer may be a
mechanical device, dental floss,
a metal ring or impression
compound.

9. *Depending on the type of band material:
1. Stainless steel
2.Copper band
3.Cellulose acetate
4.Polyacetate
*Depending on its preparation:
1.Custom made. e.g. compound supported matrix
2.Mechanical matrix. e.g. ivory no. 1
e.g. ivory no. 8

10. *Depending upon the mode of retention:
1.With retainer. E.G. Tofflemire, ivory
no.1, ivory no.8 matrices.
2.Without retainer. E.G. Automatrix
*Depending on the cavity preparation for
which it is used:
1.Class I cavity with buccal and lingual
extension. Double banded tofflemire.
2.Class II cavity. Single banded tofflemire,
ivory no.1, ivory no.8, copper band matrix,
t band matrix, precontoured sectional
matrix.

11. 3.

12. *Consist of stainless steel band which
encircle one proximal surface of a
posterior tooth.
*This is attached to the retainer via a wedge
shaped projection on the retainer.
*An adjustment screw at the end of the
retainer adapts the band to the proximal
contour of the prepared tooth.
Indication: For restoration of class II cavity
especially when the contact on the
unprepared side is very tight.

13. *Consist of a stainless steel band the
encircles the entire crown of the tooth.
*The circumference of the band can be
adjusted by the adjusting screw present in
the retainer.
Indication: for the restoration of the class II
cavities on one or both proximal surface of
the posterior tooth.

14. *Also referred as The Universal Matrix.
*Designed by B.R. Tofflemire.
*Used mostly for the class II amalgam
restorations.
Parts of the tofflemire matrix:
1.Head
2.Locking vise
3.Pointed spindle
4.Small knurled nut
5.Large knurled nut

15. Indications:
1.For class I cavities with buccal or lingual
extensions ( class I compound)
2.For restoring class II cavities on one or both the
proximal surfaces of posterior tooth.
*Advantages :
1.Ease of use
2.Produces good contact and contour for most
amalgam restorations.
3.Rigid and stable
*Disadvantages:
1.Does not provide optimum contour and contact for
posterior composite restoration.
2.Not useful for extensive class II restoration.

18. * Also called as custom made matrix.
* Entirely hand made as per the individual case.
Indication:
1. for restoring class II cavities involving one or both
proximal surfaces.
2.For complex situations like pin amalgam restoration.
Advantages:
1.Highly rigid and stable.
2.Provide good access and visibility for placing the
restoration.
3.Most efficient means of reproducing contact and
contour.
Disadvantage:
1.Time consuming.

19. Indiacation: for class II cavities involving one or
both the proximal surfaces of the posterior
tooth.
Advantage: simple and inexpensive
Rapid and easy to apply.
Disadvantage: flimsy in structure, not very
stable.

20. Indication: for small to moderate class II cavities
involving one or both proximal surfaces in a posterior
tooth.
For both amalgam and composite restoration.
Advantage: ease of use and good visibility.
Anatomic contour of the bands ensures optimal
contact areas and embrasures.
Contact dimensions are adequate and in the correct
anatomic location.
Disadvantge: expensive.
Matrix bands may become dented easily especially if
the contact area of the adjacent tooth is too close
preventing easy insertion of the band.

21. Indication:
for badly broken down teeth especially those
receiving pin amalgam restoration.
For complex situation like class II cavities with
large buccal or lingual extensions.
Advantage: provide excellent contour.
Disadvantage: time consuming.

22. * Indication: for complex amalgam restoration especially when
one or more cusps are to be replaced.
* Advantages:
Convenient to use
Improved visibility due to lac k of interference from a
retainer.
Rapid application.
* Disadvantage:
Bands are flat and difficult to burnish
Cannot develop proper proximal contacts and contour.
expensive

23. Indication: for small ad large class II and class IV
tooth coloured restoration.
Advantage: easy to use
Inexpensive
Good contour can be established.
Disadvantage:
Placement is time consuming

24. Indication:
For class III restoration on the distal surface of
canine.
For class II slot restoration.
Advantage:
Provides ideal contour for the class III
restoration on the distal surface of the canine.
Disadvantage: difficult to apply

25. Indication:
For class V restoration with conventional glass
ionomer cements.
Advantages:
Simple and easy to use.
Provides optimum contour for the restoration.
Disadavantge: not useful for class V composite
resin or