This document provides guidance on safe materials handling and storage. It discusses common materials handling injuries and how to prevent them through engineering controls, administrative controls, personal protective equipment, safe lifting techniques, and training. Specific recommendations are provided for safely storing and handling liquids, gases, solids, hazardous materials, and cryogenic liquids in containers, tanks, silos, and portable vessels. Emphasis is placed on hazard assessments and following applicable standards and regulations.
Material Handling accidents are growing our industries , it's main reason is untrained people , over confidence , working pressure etc , This PPT make very good training material ...
Material Handling accidents are growing our industries , it's main reason is untrained people , over confidence , working pressure etc , This PPT make very good training material ...
Scope
To provides information and guidance to transport operators, drivers, loading staff and key stakeholders who are involved in loading on vehicles
Objectives:
Aims to raise the awareness of and inculcate the basic safety principles that must be followed, and to conduct proper risk assessment for the types of cargo transported.
The observation of safety guidelines are essential to the well being of any worker and the productivity of the said workers. this presentation will offer a clear guideline for those within the building industry.
CONTENTS:
I. What is a Hot Work ?
II. Training
III. PPE`s
IV. Hot Work Permit
V. Electric Welding
VI. Fire Prevention
VII. Fire Watch
VIII. Generator Sets
IX. Welding Equipment Checks
X. Oxy Cutting Equipment
XI. Fire Safety Precautions
XII. Compressed Gas Cylinders
XIII. Safe Practices
XIV. Heat Stress
It will very helpful for safety officer to identify hazards and its risk to stop before converting into accident. Because any accident has 3 reasons. 88% accident happen due to unsafe action and 10% accident happen due to unsafe condition and only 2% accident happen due to beyond human control. So we can see 98% accident can control.
Construction is the industry mostly affected during monsoon season. Not only there are work delays but working in rain also cause some additional Health & Safety hazards. Some extra precautions must be taken to minimize the health risk during rainy season and workers should be trained to work during low visibility and slippery conditions.
This h a n d b o o k s er ves a s a w o r k p l a c e s a f e t y a n d health Tool Box Talk resource for our team members who a re involved in marine construction. This book highlights g e n e r a l s a f e t y precautions t o ensure safe practice of our site oriented operations. This handbook is b e i n g developed to assist o u r t e a m m e m b e r s a n d w o r k e r s t o g a i n a n d to better understand of our daily work related safety precautions, their roles and responsibilities, good and bad practices f o r d a i l y o p e r a t i o n s .
This handbook is prepared for awareness and informational purposes.
This h a n d b o o k s er ves a s a w o r k p l a c e s a f e t y a n d health Tool Box Talk resource for our team members who a re involved in marine construction. This book highlights g e n e r a l s a f e t y precautions t o ensure safe practice of our site oriented operations. This handbook is b e i n g developed to assist o u r t e a m m e m b e r s a n d w o r k e r s t o g a i n a n d to better understand of our daily work related safety precautions, their roles and responsibilities, good and bad practices f o r d a i l y o p e r a t i o n s .
This handbook is prepared for awareness and informational purposes.
This h a n d b o o k s er ves a s a w o r k p l a c e s a f e t y a n d health Tool Box Talk resource for our team members who a re involved in marine construction. This book highlights g e n e r a l s a f e t y precautions t o ensure safe practice of our site oriented operations. This handbook is b e i n g developed to assist o u r t e a m m e m b e r s a n d w o r k e r s t o g a i n a n d to better understand of our daily work related safety precautions, their roles and responsibilities, good and bad practices f o r d a i l y o p e r a t i o n s .
This handbook is prepared for awareness and informational purposes.
What Is Hand Protection ?
“ If a workplace hazard assessment reveals that employees face potential injury to hands and work practice
controls, employers must ensure that employees wear appropriate protection Is Called Hand Protection. “
Why is Hand Safety Important?
Human hands are unique.
They have many attributes which i
grip, precision, push, hold, grasp and
Your hands are the tools that make you skilled & valued worker.
How Hand Protection are Important to us?
Accidents can and do happen here!
Hands are subjected to hazards every day.
Use the proper protection.
PAY ATTENTION!
ENGAGE THE BIG MUSCLE!
Use hand protection methods and equipment appropriate for the job.
Change Stressful work positions frequently.
Key Points for Human Hand Bones
8 in wrist, 19 in hand and fingersNow, consider this: H is the eighth letter of the alphabet, A is the first, N is the
fourteenth, and D is the fourth.8+1+14+4=27
H+A+N+D=27
Types of Hand Hazards
1.Blades which can cut or amputate fingers or hands!
2.Rough Surfaces that can scrape the skin!
3.Machines that can pinch or crush fingers!
4.Chemicals that can burn fingers!
5.HEAT!
6.Bio-hazardous materials
7.Repetitive Strain and Impact which can cause injuries over time.
Ways to Protect Hands
1.Work with respect around machinery.
2.Don’t wear gloves while working closely with moving machinery where there is a danger of becoming entangled.
3.Keep machine guards in place.
For More Info Visit : www.suresafety.com
Scope
To provides information and guidance to transport operators, drivers, loading staff and key stakeholders who are involved in loading on vehicles
Objectives:
Aims to raise the awareness of and inculcate the basic safety principles that must be followed, and to conduct proper risk assessment for the types of cargo transported.
The observation of safety guidelines are essential to the well being of any worker and the productivity of the said workers. this presentation will offer a clear guideline for those within the building industry.
CONTENTS:
I. What is a Hot Work ?
II. Training
III. PPE`s
IV. Hot Work Permit
V. Electric Welding
VI. Fire Prevention
VII. Fire Watch
VIII. Generator Sets
IX. Welding Equipment Checks
X. Oxy Cutting Equipment
XI. Fire Safety Precautions
XII. Compressed Gas Cylinders
XIII. Safe Practices
XIV. Heat Stress
It will very helpful for safety officer to identify hazards and its risk to stop before converting into accident. Because any accident has 3 reasons. 88% accident happen due to unsafe action and 10% accident happen due to unsafe condition and only 2% accident happen due to beyond human control. So we can see 98% accident can control.
Construction is the industry mostly affected during monsoon season. Not only there are work delays but working in rain also cause some additional Health & Safety hazards. Some extra precautions must be taken to minimize the health risk during rainy season and workers should be trained to work during low visibility and slippery conditions.
This h a n d b o o k s er ves a s a w o r k p l a c e s a f e t y a n d health Tool Box Talk resource for our team members who a re involved in marine construction. This book highlights g e n e r a l s a f e t y precautions t o ensure safe practice of our site oriented operations. This handbook is b e i n g developed to assist o u r t e a m m e m b e r s a n d w o r k e r s t o g a i n a n d to better understand of our daily work related safety precautions, their roles and responsibilities, good and bad practices f o r d a i l y o p e r a t i o n s .
This handbook is prepared for awareness and informational purposes.
This h a n d b o o k s er ves a s a w o r k p l a c e s a f e t y a n d health Tool Box Talk resource for our team members who a re involved in marine construction. This book highlights g e n e r a l s a f e t y precautions t o ensure safe practice of our site oriented operations. This handbook is b e i n g developed to assist o u r t e a m m e m b e r s a n d w o r k e r s t o g a i n a n d to better understand of our daily work related safety precautions, their roles and responsibilities, good and bad practices f o r d a i l y o p e r a t i o n s .
This handbook is prepared for awareness and informational purposes.
This h a n d b o o k s er ves a s a w o r k p l a c e s a f e t y a n d health Tool Box Talk resource for our team members who a re involved in marine construction. This book highlights g e n e r a l s a f e t y precautions t o ensure safe practice of our site oriented operations. This handbook is b e i n g developed to assist o u r t e a m m e m b e r s a n d w o r k e r s t o g a i n a n d to better understand of our daily work related safety precautions, their roles and responsibilities, good and bad practices f o r d a i l y o p e r a t i o n s .
This handbook is prepared for awareness and informational purposes.
What Is Hand Protection ?
“ If a workplace hazard assessment reveals that employees face potential injury to hands and work practice
controls, employers must ensure that employees wear appropriate protection Is Called Hand Protection. “
Why is Hand Safety Important?
Human hands are unique.
They have many attributes which i
grip, precision, push, hold, grasp and
Your hands are the tools that make you skilled & valued worker.
How Hand Protection are Important to us?
Accidents can and do happen here!
Hands are subjected to hazards every day.
Use the proper protection.
PAY ATTENTION!
ENGAGE THE BIG MUSCLE!
Use hand protection methods and equipment appropriate for the job.
Change Stressful work positions frequently.
Key Points for Human Hand Bones
8 in wrist, 19 in hand and fingersNow, consider this: H is the eighth letter of the alphabet, A is the first, N is the
fourteenth, and D is the fourth.8+1+14+4=27
H+A+N+D=27
Types of Hand Hazards
1.Blades which can cut or amputate fingers or hands!
2.Rough Surfaces that can scrape the skin!
3.Machines that can pinch or crush fingers!
4.Chemicals that can burn fingers!
5.HEAT!
6.Bio-hazardous materials
7.Repetitive Strain and Impact which can cause injuries over time.
Ways to Protect Hands
1.Work with respect around machinery.
2.Don’t wear gloves while working closely with moving machinery where there is a danger of becoming entangled.
3.Keep machine guards in place.
For More Info Visit : www.suresafety.com
Why osha scaffold safety training matters – scaffold do’s and don’tsOSHA NYC, New York
Loads of individuals have hurt-and some have killed-every year in scaffold mishaps. However the good news is, most scaffold accidents is often avoided by proper scaffold safety training.
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At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
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www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
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Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
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Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
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Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
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Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
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A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
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1. Accident Prevention Manual
for Business & Industry:
Engineering & Technology
13th edition
National Safety Council
Compiled by
Dr. S.D. Allen Iske, Associate Professor
University of Central Missouri
3. Materials Handling and Storage
• Materials handling is conducted in every department,
warehouse, office, or facility of a company.
• Materials handling is a job that is performed by almost
every worker in the workforce as sole duty or part of
regular work and either by hand or with mechanical help.
• On an average, industry moves about 45 tons of material
for each ton of product produced.
4. Materials Handling and Storage
(Cont.)
• Mechanized materials-handling equipment is commonly
used in many industries for assisting with materials
handling and storage due to higher efficiency and
productivity at lower cost.
• Although mechanical handling creates a new set of
hazards, the net result (without efficiency benefit) is fewer
injuries, lower workers’ compensation expenses, and a
more productive workplace.
5. Preventing Common Injuries
• Handling of material accounts for 20% to 45% of all
occupational injuries.
• Injuries can occur in any part of the operation, not limited
to stockroom or warehouse.
• Strains, sprains, fractures, and contusions are the most
common form of injuries resulting.
6. Personal Protection
• Overhead hoisting operators and maintenance
personnel are exposed to fall hazards.
• Certain items of protective equipment are desirable for
the prevention of various types of material handling
injuries.
• Because toe and finger injuries are among the most
common types of injuries, handlers should wear safety
shoes and stout gloves, preferable with leather palms.
• Other PPE such as goggles and aprons are
recommended for the handling of certain materials.
7. Personal Protection (Cont.)
• Hazard assessment should be conducted to determine
the required and recommended PPE.
• Gloves should be dry and free of grease and oil.
• Clean, leather-palmed gloves give you a better grip when
handling smooth metal objects.
• Do not wear gloves near certain machinery such as
conveyors or wherever there is a risk of gloves being
caught in the machine.
8. Personal Protection (Cont.)
• Where toxic materials are being handled, workers should
take daily showers to remove the material from their
person before they leave the facility.
• Encourage workers to wash thoroughly at the end of their
shift.
• Provide cleaning materials and PPE for workers (suits,
caps, coveralls).
9. Materials Handling Injuries
• To gain insight into the injuries caused by materials
handling, the safety professional should consider the
following:
• Can the job be engineered to eliminate or reduce manual
handling?
• Can the material be conveyed or moved mechanically?
• Would protective clothing prevent injuries?
• Can employees be given handling aids?
• Would training and more effective management help reduce
injuries?
10. Materials Handling Injuries (Cont.)
• All of these questions serve as a start for an overall
assessment of injuries caused by materials handling.
• Break each job into separate tasks and examine each
task for ways to prevent injury.
• Manual handling of materials increases the possibility of
injury and adds to the product’s cost. Thus, minimize
manual handling of materials.
11. Materials Handling Injuries (Cont.)
• Since most injuries occur to feet and hands, give the
following general pointers to employees who handle
materials:
• Inspect materials for slivers, jagged or sharp edges, burrs, rough or
slippery surfaces.
• Grasp objects with a firm grip.
• Keep fingers away from pinch and shear points.
• Wipe off greasy, wet, slippery, or dirty objects before handling
them.
• Keep hands free of oil, dirt, or grease.
12. Materials Handling Injuries (Cont.)
• Manual lifting
• Conduct a Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and follow medical
recommendations when establishing lifting standards.
• Reference NIOSH Work Practices Guide to Manual Lifting.
• Before workers lift a heavy or bulky object and carry it to another
location, they should inspect the routes over which they will move
the object.
• Next, workers should inspect the object to decide how they will
grasp it, thus avoiding sharp edges.
• Wipe object if wet or greasy.
13. Materials Handling Injuries (Cont.)
• Manual Lifting
• Most lower back injuries come from tasks requiring lifting. Other
activities such as lowering, pushing, pulling, carrying material, or
twisting the body can also cause back injuries.
• Back injuries are 2nd
in number after injuries to the fingers and
hands.
• Consider all three main factors in manual lifting: load location,
task repetition, and load weight when determining what is safe
or unsafe to lift.
• NIOSH Applications Manual for Revised NIOSH Lifting
Guidelines (DHHS Publication 94-110)
14. Materials Handling Injuries (Cont.)
• Back belts
• Back injuries account for nearly 20% of workplace injuries and are
the leading cause of injuries to workers under the age of 45.
• Estimates put the annual cost of back injuries at $20 billion to
$50 billion.
• The debate over back belts focuses on two issues:
1. Employees are rarely trained in proper lifting techniques or shown how
to use belts correctly.
2. Wearing a back belt can give a false sense of security.
• Scientific studies have failed to show that back belts prevent lifting
injuries. However, they are useful for protection and post injury.
• NIOSH states:
The best way to protect workers is through ergonomic approaches
designed to reduce the hazards of lifting.
15. Fall Protection
• The fall hazard approach constitutes:
• recognition of each fall hazard including access to the workstation
• control of the fall hazard through choice from a variety of fall
solutions
• selection and installation of fall protection including engineering if
required
• training sufficient to fulfill fall-protection program
• observation and enforcement of fall protection program
16. Fall Protection (Cont.)
• Fall protection measures include the following controls:
• elimination of the hazard by reorganizing the work
• prevention of falling by the use of guardrails, including aerial lifts
• fall arrest systems for horizontal and vertical travel
• warning lines 6 ft from an edge
17. Guidelines for Lifting
• Regardless of the approach taken to evaluate the physical
stress of lifting, a large individual variability in risk of injury
and lifting performance capability exists in any population.
• Resulting controls must be engineering and administrative
in nature.
• To specifically define these conditions, two limits are
provided based on epidemiological, biomechanical,
physiological, and psychophysical criteria.
18. Guidelines for Lifting (Cont.)
1. Maximum Permissible Limit (MPL)—defined to meet four
criteria:
• Musculoskeletal injury rates and severity rates have been shown to
increase significantly in populations when work is performed above
the MPL.
• Biomechanical compression forces on the L5/S1disc are not
tolerable over 1430 lbs (650 kg) in most workers. This would result
from conditions above the MPL.
• Metabolic rates would exceed 5.0 Kcal/minute for most individuals
working above the MPL.
• Only about 25% of men and less than 1% of women workers have
the muscle strength to be capable of performing work above the
MPL.
19. Guidelines for Lifting (Cont.)
2. Action Limit (AL)—Large variability in capacities between
individuals in a population indicates the need for
administrative controls when conditions exceed this limit
based on:
• Musculoskeletal injury incidence and severity rates increase
moderately in populations exposed to lifting conditions described
by the AL.
• A 770-lb (350 kg) compression force on the L5/S1 disc can be
tolerated by most young, healthy workers. Such forces would be
created by conditions described by the AL.
• Metabolic rates would exceed 3.5 for most individuals working
above the AL.
• Over 75% of women and over 99% of men could lift loads
described by the AL.
20. Guidelines for Lifting (Cont.)
• Three types of properly analyzed lifting tasks:
1. Those above the MPL should be viewed as unacceptable and
require engineering controls.
2. Those between the AL and MPL are unacceptable without
administrative or engineering controls.
3. Those below the AL represent nominal risk to most individuals.
21. Rules for Lifting
• There are no comprehensive and sure-fire rules for
“safe” lifting.
• Manual materials handling is very complex.
• DO engineer manual lifting and lowering out of task
• DO be in good physical shape
• DO think before acting
• DO get a good grip on the load
• DO get the load close to the body
• DO NOT twist the back or bend sideways
• DO NOT lift or lower awkwardly
• DO NOT hesitate to get help (TEAM LIFTING)
• DO NOT lift with your arms extended
• DO NOT continue lifting when load is too heavy
22. Accessories for Manual Handling
• In handling materials, a variety of hand-operated
accessories is available.
• Each tool or device should be kept in good repair and
used only for the job for which it is designed.
• Most common hand tools:
• hooks
• crowbars
• rollers
23. Accessories for Manual
Handling (Cont.)
• Jacks
• Check capacity plate and load information.
• Workers should inspect jack before and after use.
• Workers should use protective footwear when operating the jack
• Proper use of jack: vertical lifts, centered for lift, base on
perfectly level surface, and quality match for head to surface.
• Hand trucks (dollies)
• two-wheeled trucks
• four-wheeled trucks
• flat-trucks
• appliance dollies
• platform
24. Accessories for Manual
Handling (Cont.)
• Safety procedures for two-wheelers:
• Tip the load to be lifted slightly forward to nudge the tongue of the
truck underneath load
• Push truck all the way under the load to be moved.
• Keep center of gravity of load as low as possible. Place heavy
objects below lighter objects.
• Place load well forward so weight of load will be carried by axle not
the handles.
• Place load so it will not slip, shift, or fall and fill only to an
appropriate height.
• Let the truck carry the load. Operator should only balance and
push.
• Never walk backward with a hand truck.
• Control truck at all times and stay at a safe speed.
25. Accessories for Manual
Handling (Cont.)
• Safety procedures for four-wheelers:
• Similar procedures to two-wheel truck.
• Pay special attention to loading to prevent tipping.
• Arrange load to prevent falling or damage if bumped.
• Push rather than pull—less stress on the back, and it protects
worker’s heel from being caught under the truck back.
• Keep height of load low enough to observe travel path.
• Handles should be placed to protect the operator’s hands from
scrapes, crushes, or hits.
26. Storage of Specific Materials
• Storage of materials should be secure, neat, and orderly
to eliminate hazards and conserve space.
• A good plan for storing materials reduces the amount of handling
needed both to bring materials into production and to remove
finished products from production to shipping.
27. Storage of Materials
• Planning Materials Storage
• Allow adequate ceiling clearance under sprinklers. See NFPA 13,
Installation of Sprinkler Systems.
• Keep automatic sprinkler system controls and electrical panel
boxes free and clear.
• Make sure material does not obstruct fire hoses or fire
extinguishers.
• Keep exits and aisles clear at all times.
• Use bins or racks to facilitate storage and reduce hazards.
• Material stored on racks, pallets or skids is easily movable with
less damage and fewer injuries to employees.
• Protect personnel with proper procedures.
• Special equipment required for high-bay facilities.
28. Storage of Materials (Cont.)
• Rigid containers
• large metal containers and box pallets
• fiberboard/cardboard cartons
• barrels and kegs
• rolled paper and reels
• compressed gas cylinders
• Uncrated stock
• lumber
• bagged material
• pipe and bar stock
• sheet metal
• burlap sacking
• spontaneous combustion hazard—heat from weight from stacking
29. Storage of Hazardous Materials
• Advise local fire departments and emergency planning
committees when storing hazardous materials.
• Comply with EPA requirements.
30. Containers for Liquids
• Drums
• Store filled drums containing hazardous liquids in a protected
area out of the sun.
• Tanks
• Storage tanks for hazardous liquids are preferably stored
outside.
• Review and ensure building structure is safe for tanks.
• Confined space, access ladders or stairs, content protection
procedures, proper tanks for materials, grounding and bonding
• Pipelines
• Install pipelines in trenches or tunnels that carry chemicals.
• If they must be installed overhead, isolate them so they will not
drip.
• Pipelines that carry flammables should not be installed in
tunnels.
• Three major sources of injury: failure of packing in valve system,
valves closed, locked and lines drained before release of bolts,
and opening wrong valve.
31. Containers for Liquids (Cont.)
• Portable Containers
• Drums, barrels, tote bins, and carboys
• Keep only a minimum amount of liquid at point of operation.
• If corrosive, provide isolation protection and protect from spilling
into storm sewer system.
• Storage area must be well ventilated.
• Separate racks for each material if stacked in racks.
• Barrels stacked vertically with dunnage between the tiers.
• Control storage areas for materials with compatibility.
32. Tank Cars
• Isolate tank cars on sidings by derails and by blue stop
flags or blue lights.
• Secure tank car.
• Bond tank car before car is opened.
• Ground the track and loading or unloading rack.
• Properly follow procedures for specific materials during
unloading process.
• Use proper safety measures to monitor process.
33. Containers for Hazardous Solids
• Silos
• check silo structural integrity for materials
• fall protection
• confined space entry permit
• dust problems
• ventilation
• Combustible solids
• dust problems—keep below lower explosive limit
• good housekeeping
• control ignition sources
• prevent electrical shock, ground metal to frames
• blank atmosphere with inert gas
34. Containers for Hazardous
Solids (Cont.)
• Portable containers
• Same principle for handling of liquids as for solids
• Handle carefully to prevent damage to machines as well as control
exposure to dust.
• Use ventilation to control dust.
• Magazines
• Store explosives in magazines of approved fireproof and
bulletproof construction.
• Locate magazines at a safe distance from railroads and other
buildings.
• Keep magazines clean, dry, and well ventilated.
• Follow NFPA 45 and other regulations.
• Advise local fire departments and emergency planning committees.
• Do not allow matches, flammables, and metal tools.
• Control access by animals, children, and people.
35. Containers for Gases
• Compressed gas cylinders should be stored in an upright
position on a smooth floor with valve covers in place.
• All cylinders should be chained or otherwise fastened
firmly against a wall, post, or other solid object.
• Different kinds of gases should be separated by aisles or
stored in separate sections of the building.
• Store empty cylinders away from full cylinders.
• Restrict traffic activity and handle with care.
• Follow OSHA, NFPA, Compressed Gas Association, and
other agency standards.
36. Storage and Handling of
Cryogenic Liquids
• Most gases used in facilities are also available as
cryogenic liquids.
• Among the most common are oxygen, nitrogen, argon,
helium, and hydrogen.
• The key to expanding use of cryogenic liquids is
economics.
• The cost of delivering and storing the liquid is lower than buying
the gas in compressed cylinders.
• At room temperature (70°F or 20°C) and atmospheric
pressure, nitrogen occupies 700x as much space as the
same amount in liquid form.
37. Storage and Handling of
Cryogenic Liquids (Cont.)
• Handling liquefied gases requires specific knowledge and
special precautions.
• Characteristics of cryogenic liquids:
• normal boiling point below -238°f (-150°c)
• both liquid and boil-off vapor can freeze human tissue
• vessel valve damage and potential hazard
• produce large volumes of vapors
• vaporized in sealed containers, high pressure
• most are odorless, colorless, and tasteless
38. Storage and Handling of
Cryogenic Liquids (Cont.)
• General safety practices:
• Always handle cryogenic liquids carefully. They can cause
frostbite on skin or eyes. If spilled, the vapors are extremely cold
and can damage tissues.
• Stand clear of boiling or splashing liquid and its vapors. Vapors
occur when a warm container is charged or when warm objects
are inserted into a liquid
• Never allow unprotected body parts to touch uninsulated pipes
or vessels that contain cryogenic fluids. The cold metal will
cause flesh to stick fast to surface and tear when withdrawn.
39. Storage and Handling of
Cryogenic Liquids (Cont.)
• Special precautions
• combustion accelerant, ignition, and electrostatic charge
precaution
• Inert gas precautions
• container, pipeline, or system rupture or asphyxiation
• Flammable gas precautions
• prevent ignition sources and ground equipment
• Asphyxiation
• displaces breathable air in enclosed workplaces
• requires specific air monitoring to detect
40. Storage and Handling of
Cryogenic Liquids (Cont.)
• Training
• nature and properties of the cryogen (liquid and gaseous states)
• operation of equipment
• approved, compatible materials
• use and care of protective equipment and clothing
• first aid and self-aid techniques for medical emergencies
• handling emergency situations such as fire, spills, and leaks
• Good housekeeping practices
• essential to safety when handling cryogenics
• ignition of gases, properties of gases compared to air, and
maintenance of safety and firefighting equipment
41. Cryogenic Safe Handling
• Safe storage and handling requirements
• should not be handled in open containers
• storage vessels: non-pressurized dewar containers and
pressurized liquid cylinders
• Transfer lines
• two methods of transfer: gravity and pressurized transfer lines
• vacuum jacketed lines
42. Shipping and Receiving
• Floors, ramps, and aisles
• All must be level.
• Check strength of ramps. Keep them in good shape.
• Ramps should have handrails.
• Aisles should be wide enough to enable employees to move freely
while handling material and to allow safe passage of loaded
equipment.
• Keep aisles leading to sprinkler valves and fire-extinguishing
equipment clear. Keep space around sprinkler head free of
materials.
43. Shipping and Receiving (Cont.)
• Lighting
• Machines and tools
• Machines used in receiving and shipping such as shears,
saws, and nailing machines should have protective guards, and
workers need to have PPE.
• Dock boards
• Design dock boards used in trailer and railcar loading and
unloading to carry 4x the heaviest expected load and to be
wide enough to permit easy maneuvering of hand or power
trucks.
• Stock picking
• Employees must never climb racks or shelves.
• Use only approved materials-handling ladders.
44. Shipping and Receiving (Cont.)
• Steel and plastic strapping
• Train workers in both the application and removal of steel and
plastic strapping.
• Follow proper outlined procedures and protect employees in the
area.
• Use safety goggles and leather gloves or other required PPE.
• Burlap and sacking
• special precautions in handling due to wire wrap
• Glass and nails
• broken glass hazard, flying nails, house keeping
45. Shipping and Receiving (Cont.)
• Barrels, kegs, and drums
• safety issues with handling items that can lead to infections
• Boxes and cartons
• Use proper cut resistant gloves and safety goggles.
• Use proper cutting tool to open boxes.
• Construction of boxes and cartons
• Broken or damaged containers of consumables
• Loading railcars
• proper shipping of material inside railcars
• proper techniques for working with railcars
• housekeeping and cleaning of railcars