The document discusses mass extinctions throughout history, noting that there have been five major die-offs, including one during the Jurassic period. Some scientists have proposed a cycle of mass extinctions occurring every 26 million years. Research indicates prior mass extinctions were caused by unbreathable atmospheres with high carbon dioxide levels that were hazardous to both land and sea life. The document raises the question of whether human activity could be triggering a sixth mass extinction event.