Marxism
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Marxism is an economic and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that analyzes social change through the lens of class struggle. It is the antithesis of capitalism, which is defined by private ownership and profit motivation, instead advocating for public ownership of production, distribution, and exchange. Under capitalism, the working class owns only their capacity to work and must sell their labor for a minimum wage, while the products they produce are sold at a higher value by capitalists.
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Marxism
Marxist criticism is based on the political, economic, and cultural theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It analyzes and critiques modern industrial capitalism and aims to establish a classless society. Marxist criticism adapts Hegel's dialectic approach and believes that material economic forces, not ideas, drive history. It views society as evolving through class struggle and contradiction between material base (economic structure) and cultural superstructure.
Marxism presentation
Karl Marx was a 19th century German philosopher who developed the socio-political theory of Marxism. Marxism argues that class struggle and economic forces influence society and history. Marx believed that capitalism exploits and alienates workers, creating conflict between the bourgeoisie and proletariat classes. He advocated for a socialist and eventually communist system with collective ownership and no social classes. The Communist Manifesto, written by Marx and Engels, called on workers to rise up against capitalism and replace private property with community property. Marxism went on to influence many socialist movements and ideologies.
Communist Manifesto
The document provides biographical information about Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, the authors of The Communist Manifesto. It describes how they were inspired by the struggles of the working class and collaborated to write The Communist Manifesto in 1848 as a founding document of communist ideology. The Manifesto analyzes the limitations of capitalism, presents the principles of communism, and calls for the abolition of private property and classes to achieve a communist society.
Socialism
Socialism aims to have the people as a whole operate the means of production like farms, factories, and railways to end poverty and injustice. Early forms of socialism advocated returning to non-industrial ways or having the government play a role in economic affairs and ensuring social and economic justice and equality. Karl Marx developed the most radical form known as scientific socialism which aimed to have workers unite and violently overthrow traditional governments to gain control of the means of production and erase class distinctions. Modern socialism involves some redistribution of wealth through taxes funding government programs to provide a minimum standard of living.
What is communism
Communism is a political theory based on equality and public ownership. During the Cold War period, the United States feared the spread of communism and Senator Joseph McCarthy led a period known as McCarthyism where many Americans were accused of being communist sympathizers. This created a climate of fear where people could be investigated, lose their jobs, or be imprisoned for opposing governmental policies or being suspected of communist ties without proof. Parallels have been drawn between McCarthyism and more recent limits on civil liberties following the War on Terror.
Marx's theory
Karl Marx was a German philosopher who developed the theories of communism, socialism and Marxism. He believed that history is determined by class struggle and conflicts between social classes, and that under capitalism the bourgeoisie exploit the proletariat. Marx wrote influential works such as The Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital which formed the basis of Marxism and analyzed the capitalist mode of production. Marx saw communism as the final stage in history where private property is abolished and society is organized for the common good of all people.
Marxism made easy
Marxism is a political and economic theory derived from Karl Marx's work analyzing capitalism. It views society as split between the bourgeoisie who own capital and the proletariat who must sell their labor. Marx argued that in capitalist societies, the economic base of wealth pursuit supports a superstructure of institutions like media that legitimize inequality by creating false consciousness among the proletariat. Later theorists like Gramsci developed the idea of hegemony, where the ruling class uses institutions like media to promote their ideologies as common sense. Marxists view media as serving capitalist interests by pacifying the masses and naturalizing the status quo.
Marxism
Marxism is a 19th century theory of scientific socialism that predicted the overthrow of the capitalist class by the working proletariat due to inevitable economic contradictions within capitalism. It asserts that private ownership of production leads to the exploitation of workers as the bourgeoisie extracts surplus value from the proletariat. Marxism views progress as occurring through materialist dialectic, whereby class conflict and struggle advance society toward communism.
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Marxism
Marxist criticism is based on the political, economic, and cultural theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It analyzes and critiques modern industrial capitalism and aims to establish a classless society. Marxist criticism adapts Hegel's dialectic approach and believes that material economic forces, not ideas, drive history. It views society as evolving through class struggle and contradiction between material base (economic structure) and cultural superstructure.
Marxism presentation
Karl Marx was a 19th century German philosopher who developed the socio-political theory of Marxism. Marxism argues that class struggle and economic forces influence society and history. Marx believed that capitalism exploits and alienates workers, creating conflict between the bourgeoisie and proletariat classes. He advocated for a socialist and eventually communist system with collective ownership and no social classes. The Communist Manifesto, written by Marx and Engels, called on workers to rise up against capitalism and replace private property with community property. Marxism went on to influence many socialist movements and ideologies.
Communist Manifesto
The document provides biographical information about Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, the authors of The Communist Manifesto. It describes how they were inspired by the struggles of the working class and collaborated to write The Communist Manifesto in 1848 as a founding document of communist ideology. The Manifesto analyzes the limitations of capitalism, presents the principles of communism, and calls for the abolition of private property and classes to achieve a communist society.
Socialism
Socialism aims to have the people as a whole operate the means of production like farms, factories, and railways to end poverty and injustice. Early forms of socialism advocated returning to non-industrial ways or having the government play a role in economic affairs and ensuring social and economic justice and equality. Karl Marx developed the most radical form known as scientific socialism which aimed to have workers unite and violently overthrow traditional governments to gain control of the means of production and erase class distinctions. Modern socialism involves some redistribution of wealth through taxes funding government programs to provide a minimum standard of living.
What is communism
Communism is a political theory based on equality and public ownership. During the Cold War period, the United States feared the spread of communism and Senator Joseph McCarthy led a period known as McCarthyism where many Americans were accused of being communist sympathizers. This created a climate of fear where people could be investigated, lose their jobs, or be imprisoned for opposing governmental policies or being suspected of communist ties without proof. Parallels have been drawn between McCarthyism and more recent limits on civil liberties following the War on Terror.
Marx's theory
Karl Marx was a German philosopher who developed the theories of communism, socialism and Marxism. He believed that history is determined by class struggle and conflicts between social classes, and that under capitalism the bourgeoisie exploit the proletariat. Marx wrote influential works such as The Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital which formed the basis of Marxism and analyzed the capitalist mode of production. Marx saw communism as the final stage in history where private property is abolished and society is organized for the common good of all people.
Marxism made easy
Marxism is a political and economic theory derived from Karl Marx's work analyzing capitalism. It views society as split between the bourgeoisie who own capital and the proletariat who must sell their labor. Marx argued that in capitalist societies, the economic base of wealth pursuit supports a superstructure of institutions like media that legitimize inequality by creating false consciousness among the proletariat. Later theorists like Gramsci developed the idea of hegemony, where the ruling class uses institutions like media to promote their ideologies as common sense. Marxists view media as serving capitalist interests by pacifying the masses and naturalizing the status quo.
Marxism
Marxism is a 19th century theory of scientific socialism that predicted the overthrow of the capitalist class by the working proletariat due to inevitable economic contradictions within capitalism. It asserts that private ownership of production leads to the exploitation of workers as the bourgeoisie extracts surplus value from the proletariat. Marxism views progress as occurring through materialist dialectic, whereby class conflict and struggle advance society toward communism.
Karl Marx and his Theories!
This document provides background information on Karl Marx and summaries of some of his major theories. It notes that Marx was a German philosopher, economist, and revolutionary socialist who lived from 1818 to 1883 and was one of the founders of sociology and social science. Some of Marx's key theories discussed include historical materialism, alienation of workers under capitalism, the labor theory of value, surplus value, and class struggle between the bourgeoisie and proletariat. The document also discusses Marx's influence and criticism of some of his ideas.
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The document provides an overview of the core doctrines and history of socialism, including:
1. Socialism is based on an optimistic view of human nature and a belief that humans operate best cooperatively in social groups through collectivism and egalitarianism.
2. There are two main strands of socialism - revolutionary socialism which seeks a complete overthrow of capitalism, and evolutionary socialism which seeks gradual reform through democratic means.
3. Utopian socialists in the 19th century tried to build ideal socialist societies, while Marxism sees socialism as inevitable due to conflicts between economic classes.
Marxism
Karl Marx was a German philosopher who developed a materialist conception of history. He believed that history is driven by class struggle between social classes and that society progresses through different modes of production. Marx saw capitalism as exploiting the working class, or proletariat, by paying them less than the value they produce. He predicted that internal contradictions within capitalism would lead to its self-destruction, bringing about a communist revolution and a classless society.
Karl Marx Theories and Ideas
Marx argues that men distinguish themselves from animals by producing their means of subsistence through their physical labor. By producing their subsistence, men indirectly produce their material life and social relations, which Marx refers to as the "mode of production." The mode of production determines what is possible in society and shapes class struggles between social groups defined by their relationship to the means of production.
KARL MARX DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM BY DR SAROJ.pdf
Karl Marx developed the philosophy of dialectical materialism, which applies the dialectic method of thesis, antithesis, and synthesis to understand material and social changes in history. Marx adapted this dialectic method from Hegel but applied it to material realities rather than ideas. For Marx, economic and class relations, not ideas, are the driving forces of historical change. Marx used dialectical materialism to analyze the contradictions within capitalism that he believed would ultimately lead to revolution and the establishment of communism. His theories had a profound influence on socialist and communist movements, though he did not envision many of the practices of later communist states after his death.
Marxism
This document provides an overview of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' philosophy of Marxism. It discusses their works including the Communist Manifesto and key concepts from Marx's theories such as social conflict, class struggle, alienation of workers under capitalism, and his vision for socialism and communism as alternatives to capitalism. Marxism examines the effects of capitalism on labor and economic development and argues that economic structures shape society's superstructure and human ideas.
Marxism & capitalism
Karl Marx was a hugely influential 19th century philosopher and economist whose ideas centered around social and economic inequality under capitalism. He argued that industrialization led to a split society with the wealthy bourgeoisie owning the means of production and the working proletariat forced to sell their labor for wages. This dynamic exploited workers and enriched capitalists, leading Marx to conclude that capitalism would inevitably give way to socialism through revolution as workers became increasingly alienated.
Marxism
Slide show prepared for a series of lectures on Marxism for PS 240 Introduction to Political Theory at the University of Kentucky, Fall 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Lecturer.
Marxist critical inquiry 2
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socialism
The document defines socialism and communism, noting that socialism focuses on meeting the basic needs of society as a whole rather than individuals, while communism focuses on meeting individuals' basic needs. It provides background on the origins and introduction of socialism in the 19th century in Western Europe. Both positive and negative aspects of socialism are discussed, including criticisms that socialist economies are inefficient and can restrict civil liberties, as well as benefits like reducing inequality. Examples are given of countries that have practiced socialism.
Marxism
Lecture slides on Karl Marx theory of society. Set at a very basic level, this is ideal for newcomers to social theory, or students working below undergrad level.
Karl Marx
Karl Marx was a German philosopher, economist, historian, and revolutionary socialist. He is famous for his theories about capitalism and communism. Some of his major works analyzed the capitalist system and private property, and predicted its eventual downfall and replacement by a socialist or communist system based on public or common ownership. Marx's theories about economics and class struggle have been highly influential in the study of society, history, and human culture. While some of Marx's specific predictions did not come to pass, his analysis of the economic foundations of society and his identification of class conflict as an engine of historical change have profoundly shaped modern thought.
Ss122 lec1and 2 marx
Karl Marx was born in 1818 in Germany and died in 1883. He was influenced by Hegel and developed dialectical materialism, which views social change as coming through conflicts between opposing forces. Marx believed that capitalism alienates workers from their labor and its products through private ownership of means of production. He envisioned communism as a classless society where people freely developed their full capacities through meaningful labor. The next lecture will discuss how Marxism developed in the 20th century, focusing on Gramsci's concept of hegemony and feminism's impact on Marxism.
Socialism
Socialism emerged in reaction to the harsh conditions of early industrial capitalism and offered an alternative based on common ownership and cooperation. Early socialists advocated revolution, but as conditions improved, evolutionary socialism developed which sought change through parliamentary means. However, gradualism failed as socialist parties moderated their policies to gain support and power, and capitalism proved more durable than predicted. The core themes of socialism emphasize community, cooperation, equality, and common ownership over private property and individualism.
Marxism
Karl Marx was a 19th century philosopher who developed the theories of communism and socialism. He believed that capitalism inevitably leads to conflict between the bourgeoisie (the owners of capital) and the proletariat (workers). This will culminate in revolution and the establishment of a socialist dictatorship of the proletariat, followed by a stateless, classless communist society. Marx outlined the historical stages from primitive communism to capitalism to socialism to communism. He argued capitalism concentrates wealth among the few and alienates workers, but is a necessary step toward the ultimate liberation of humanity under communism.
Liberalism
Liberalism is a political doctrine that views protecting individual freedom as the central goal of politics. While government is necessary to protect individuals from harm, it can also threaten liberty. Liberals seek to limit government power over individuals while holding it accountable through democratic elections. They employ separation of powers and periodic elections to check the power of political majorities. Additionally, liberals recognize individual rights like free expression, privacy, and protection from arbitrary punishment that exist outside of one's role as a citizen. These rights are meant to preserve a sphere of personal freedom and limit government overreach, even by democratic majorities.
Communism
Communism aims to replace private property and profit-based economies with public ownership and communal control of major resources. There are two phases of communism according to Marx: 1) A transitional system where the working class controls government and economy but still pays people based on work. 2) A fully realized communist society without class divisions or government, where production and distribution are based on the principle "from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." Marx argued that history progresses through stages of class struggle and revolution as technological changes alter economic conditions, and that capitalism's internal contradictions would lead to its overthrow and replacement with communism.
Powerpoint
Karl Marx was a 19th century philosopher, economist, and socialist revolutionary. He developed the theory of historical materialism which argues that economic and material forces drive historical change and development. Marx believed that capitalism would inevitably create contradictions and class conflict between the bourgeoisie and proletariat, leading to revolution and establishment of a communist, classless society. Neo-Marxism emerged in the 20th century and expanded on Marx's theories to include analysis of culture, ideology, and other social factors rather than just economics. Marxist ideas and concepts like alienation, exploitation, and historical materialism continue to influence the study of society, economics, history and conflict.
Marxism & Business
Karl Marx was a 19th century German philosopher whose ideas formed the basis of communism and significantly influenced the fields of economics and commerce. Some of Marx's key contributions included critiquing capitalism and private property, advocating for proletarian revolution, developing theories of surplus value, wage determination, and the labor theory of value. Marx analyzed how capitalism exploits workers and pushes wages down over time as profits rise, laying the foundation for communist and socialist movements that sought to redistribute wealth more evenly.
Marxism and its application
The document provides an overview of Marxism and Marxist theory. It discusses:
- Karl Marx's background and history as the founder of Marxism.
- Key concepts in Marxism including dialectical materialism, historical materialism, alienation, class struggle, and the relationship between the economic base and ideological superstructure.
- How Marxism views history, society, economics, politics, and literature - emphasizing the role of class conflict and economic determinism.
- Marxist analysis of capitalism and socialist/communist alternatives.
- The influence of Marxism on fields like sociology, economics, and literary criticism.
Marxist criticism by Dr Digambar M. Ghodke
Karl Marx developed a methodology for analyzing social organization scientifically and viewed human history as a series of class struggles between the oppressed and oppressors. Marxist ideology sees political evolution leading from feudalism to bourgeois capitalism and eventually to socialism and communism. Under capitalism, the bourgeoisie exploits the proletariat labor force, growing poorer over time until revolt leads to restructuring. True communism involves the underclasses owning the means of production, not the government. Marxist literary theory analyzes how literature reflects social institutions and class struggles, serving ideological functions. The Marxist critic examines how works portray class relations and oppression.
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This document provides background information on Karl Marx and summaries of some of his major theories. It notes that Marx was a German philosopher, economist, and revolutionary socialist who lived from 1818 to 1883 and was one of the founders of sociology and social science. Some of Marx's key theories discussed include historical materialism, alienation of workers under capitalism, the labor theory of value, surplus value, and class struggle between the bourgeoisie and proletariat. The document also discusses Marx's influence and criticism of some of his ideas.
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The document provides an overview of the core doctrines and history of socialism, including:
1. Socialism is based on an optimistic view of human nature and a belief that humans operate best cooperatively in social groups through collectivism and egalitarianism.
2. There are two main strands of socialism - revolutionary socialism which seeks a complete overthrow of capitalism, and evolutionary socialism which seeks gradual reform through democratic means.
3. Utopian socialists in the 19th century tried to build ideal socialist societies, while Marxism sees socialism as inevitable due to conflicts between economic classes.
Marxism
Karl Marx was a German philosopher who developed a materialist conception of history. He believed that history is driven by class struggle between social classes and that society progresses through different modes of production. Marx saw capitalism as exploiting the working class, or proletariat, by paying them less than the value they produce. He predicted that internal contradictions within capitalism would lead to its self-destruction, bringing about a communist revolution and a classless society.
Karl Marx Theories and Ideas
Marx argues that men distinguish themselves from animals by producing their means of subsistence through their physical labor. By producing their subsistence, men indirectly produce their material life and social relations, which Marx refers to as the "mode of production." The mode of production determines what is possible in society and shapes class struggles between social groups defined by their relationship to the means of production.
KARL MARX DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM BY DR SAROJ.pdf
Karl Marx developed the philosophy of dialectical materialism, which applies the dialectic method of thesis, antithesis, and synthesis to understand material and social changes in history. Marx adapted this dialectic method from Hegel but applied it to material realities rather than ideas. For Marx, economic and class relations, not ideas, are the driving forces of historical change. Marx used dialectical materialism to analyze the contradictions within capitalism that he believed would ultimately lead to revolution and the establishment of communism. His theories had a profound influence on socialist and communist movements, though he did not envision many of the practices of later communist states after his death.
Marxism
This document provides an overview of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' philosophy of Marxism. It discusses their works including the Communist Manifesto and key concepts from Marx's theories such as social conflict, class struggle, alienation of workers under capitalism, and his vision for socialism and communism as alternatives to capitalism. Marxism examines the effects of capitalism on labor and economic development and argues that economic structures shape society's superstructure and human ideas.
Marxism & capitalism
Karl Marx was a hugely influential 19th century philosopher and economist whose ideas centered around social and economic inequality under capitalism. He argued that industrialization led to a split society with the wealthy bourgeoisie owning the means of production and the working proletariat forced to sell their labor for wages. This dynamic exploited workers and enriched capitalists, leading Marx to conclude that capitalism would inevitably give way to socialism through revolution as workers became increasingly alienated.
Marxism
Slide show prepared for a series of lectures on Marxism for PS 240 Introduction to Political Theory at the University of Kentucky, Fall 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Lecturer.
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Marxist Critical Inquiry outlines key concepts of Marxism including base and superstructure, economic determinism, and false consciousness. It discusses how Marxist critical inquiry can be applied to research in social sciences and literature. Marxism holds that economic factors determine society and that literature reflects class struggle and materialism.
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The document defines socialism and communism, noting that socialism focuses on meeting the basic needs of society as a whole rather than individuals, while communism focuses on meeting individuals' basic needs. It provides background on the origins and introduction of socialism in the 19th century in Western Europe. Both positive and negative aspects of socialism are discussed, including criticisms that socialist economies are inefficient and can restrict civil liberties, as well as benefits like reducing inequality. Examples are given of countries that have practiced socialism.
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Lecture slides on Karl Marx theory of society. Set at a very basic level, this is ideal for newcomers to social theory, or students working below undergrad level.
Karl Marx
Karl Marx was a German philosopher, economist, historian, and revolutionary socialist. He is famous for his theories about capitalism and communism. Some of his major works analyzed the capitalist system and private property, and predicted its eventual downfall and replacement by a socialist or communist system based on public or common ownership. Marx's theories about economics and class struggle have been highly influential in the study of society, history, and human culture. While some of Marx's specific predictions did not come to pass, his analysis of the economic foundations of society and his identification of class conflict as an engine of historical change have profoundly shaped modern thought.
Ss122 lec1and 2 marx
Karl Marx was born in 1818 in Germany and died in 1883. He was influenced by Hegel and developed dialectical materialism, which views social change as coming through conflicts between opposing forces. Marx believed that capitalism alienates workers from their labor and its products through private ownership of means of production. He envisioned communism as a classless society where people freely developed their full capacities through meaningful labor. The next lecture will discuss how Marxism developed in the 20th century, focusing on Gramsci's concept of hegemony and feminism's impact on Marxism.
Socialism
Socialism emerged in reaction to the harsh conditions of early industrial capitalism and offered an alternative based on common ownership and cooperation. Early socialists advocated revolution, but as conditions improved, evolutionary socialism developed which sought change through parliamentary means. However, gradualism failed as socialist parties moderated their policies to gain support and power, and capitalism proved more durable than predicted. The core themes of socialism emphasize community, cooperation, equality, and common ownership over private property and individualism.
Marxism
Karl Marx was a 19th century philosopher who developed the theories of communism and socialism. He believed that capitalism inevitably leads to conflict between the bourgeoisie (the owners of capital) and the proletariat (workers). This will culminate in revolution and the establishment of a socialist dictatorship of the proletariat, followed by a stateless, classless communist society. Marx outlined the historical stages from primitive communism to capitalism to socialism to communism. He argued capitalism concentrates wealth among the few and alienates workers, but is a necessary step toward the ultimate liberation of humanity under communism.
Liberalism
Liberalism is a political doctrine that views protecting individual freedom as the central goal of politics. While government is necessary to protect individuals from harm, it can also threaten liberty. Liberals seek to limit government power over individuals while holding it accountable through democratic elections. They employ separation of powers and periodic elections to check the power of political majorities. Additionally, liberals recognize individual rights like free expression, privacy, and protection from arbitrary punishment that exist outside of one's role as a citizen. These rights are meant to preserve a sphere of personal freedom and limit government overreach, even by democratic majorities.
Communism
Communism aims to replace private property and profit-based economies with public ownership and communal control of major resources. There are two phases of communism according to Marx: 1) A transitional system where the working class controls government and economy but still pays people based on work. 2) A fully realized communist society without class divisions or government, where production and distribution are based on the principle "from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." Marx argued that history progresses through stages of class struggle and revolution as technological changes alter economic conditions, and that capitalism's internal contradictions would lead to its overthrow and replacement with communism.
Powerpoint
Karl Marx was a 19th century philosopher, economist, and socialist revolutionary. He developed the theory of historical materialism which argues that economic and material forces drive historical change and development. Marx believed that capitalism would inevitably create contradictions and class conflict between the bourgeoisie and proletariat, leading to revolution and establishment of a communist, classless society. Neo-Marxism emerged in the 20th century and expanded on Marx's theories to include analysis of culture, ideology, and other social factors rather than just economics. Marxist ideas and concepts like alienation, exploitation, and historical materialism continue to influence the study of society, economics, history and conflict.
Marxism & Business
Karl Marx was a 19th century German philosopher whose ideas formed the basis of communism and significantly influenced the fields of economics and commerce. Some of Marx's key contributions included critiquing capitalism and private property, advocating for proletarian revolution, developing theories of surplus value, wage determination, and the labor theory of value. Marx analyzed how capitalism exploits workers and pushes wages down over time as profits rise, laying the foundation for communist and socialist movements that sought to redistribute wealth more evenly.
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The document provides an overview of Marxism and Marxist theory. It discusses:
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- How Marxism views history, society, economics, politics, and literature - emphasizing the role of class conflict and economic determinism.
- Marxist analysis of capitalism and socialist/communist alternatives.
- The influence of Marxism on fields like sociology, economics, and literary criticism.
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Karl Marx was a 19th century philosopher and economist who developed the socio-political theory of Marxism. Marxism advocates for socialism and the historical inevitability of a proletariat revolution where workers seize control of the government to redistribute wealth more evenly. In Marxist theory, media can mediate between opposing societal forces and bring them together, such as the cultural and material realms. State-owned media like the BBC is an example of Marxism in media since the media is controlled by the state, similar to communist theory.
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Marxism
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History is marked by the growth of human productive capacity, and the forms that history produced for each separate society is a function of what was needed to maximize productive capacity.
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Karl Marx was a German philosopher, economist, and revolutionary socialist who developed the theories of communism, class conflict, and surplus value. Some of his most influential works include The Communist Manifesto, co-authored with Friedrich Engels, and Das Kapital. Marx proposed that capitalism relies on the exploitation of labor and that the profits of employers come from the unpaid work of their employees. He believed this dynamic would inevitably lead to conflict between the proletariat and bourgeoisie classes.
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Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels developed Marxist theory, which views society and history through the lens of class struggle and economic determinism. Marx argued that under capitalism, the bourgeoisie exploits the proletariat by appropriating the surplus value of their labor, and that this contradiction will ultimately lead to revolution and the establishment of a communist society without social classes. Marxism analyzes societies using concepts like historical materialism, dialectical materialism, the base-superstructure model, and the forces and relations of production.
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This document provides an overview of Marxist literary criticism and its key concepts. It discusses how Marxist criticism examines the socio-economic forces behind creative works and aims to uncover what texts hide about their conditions of production. Some main areas of study are the difference between natural/material/spiritual, ideology, class conflict, and hegemony. It also outlines concepts like class structure and class conflict in capitalist societies, how the bourgeoisie use ideology and art/literature to impose their value systems, and terms commonly used in Marxist analysis like reification.
course_EM_18_MA_IN_ENGLISH_4TH_SEMESTER_MARXISM_LECTURE_7.ppt
This document provides an overview of Marxist literary criticism and its key concepts. It discusses how Marxist criticism examines the socio-economic forces behind creative works and aims to uncover what texts hide about their conditions of production. Some main areas of study are the difference between natural/material/spiritual, ideology, class conflict, and hegemony. It also outlines concepts like class structure in capitalist societies, how the bourgeoisie use ideology and art/literature to impose their values, and terms commonly used in Marxist analysis like reification.
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Marxism
- 1. Marxism
- 2. What is Marxism? Any idea?
- 3. Is an Economic and Social based upon the political and economic theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
- 4. Marxism is summed up as a theory in which class struggle is a central element in the analysis of social change in Western societies
- 5. Marxism is the antithesis of capitalismwhich is defined as “an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods, characterized by a free competitive market and motivation by profit.”
- 6. Marxism is the system of socialism of which the dominant feature is public ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange.
- 7. Under capitalism, the proletariat, the working class or “the people,” own only their capacity to work; they have the ability only to sell their own labor.
- 8. Workers, in order to support their families are paid a bare minimum wage or salary. The capitalists sell the products produced by the workers at a proportional value as related to the labor involved
- 9. Religion, according to Marx was the response to the pain of being alive, the response to earthly suffering.
- 10. In Towards a Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right (1844), Marx wrote, “Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the feeling of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless circumstances.”