Team Mandela analyzed their company's performance over three periods:
1) Period 0-3 focused on figuring out new markets but performance suffered from spreading resources too thin.
2) Period 4-6 saw a decline as focus shifted from existing brands to R&D and advertising budgets were too low.
3) Period 7-9 pushed for market penetration and cost-cutting, but R&D spending had been excessive in prior periods.
Lessons included the importance of focused marketing research, budget management, and not spreading resources too widely.