The Markhor is a species of wild goat found in Northeastern Afghanistan, Northern Pakistan, parts of Kashmir, and southern Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It is Pakistan's national animal. Markhors have tightly curled horns and a grizzled coat color. They are herbivores who graze on grasses and browse on leaves, herbs, fruits and flowers depending on the season. Markhors are endangered due to hunting for food and their medicinal horns, as well as habitat loss and competition with domestic livestock. Conservation efforts include bans on hunting and trophy hunting programs.

1. MARKHOR
We will Discuss about its,
 Introduction
 Distribution
 Food & Breeding
Threats & present status

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Markhor

3. MARKHOR

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Markhor stands 26 to 45 inches in shoulder,
and 52 to 73 inches in length.
weighs from 32 to 110 kilograms.
The markhor is a large species of wild goat.
The coat is of a grizzled, light brown to black
colour, and is smooth and short in summer,
while growing longer and thicker in winter.
Both sexes have tightly curled, corkscrew-like
horns.
INTRODUCTION

5. Male & Female Markhor Horns
Male Markhor Female Markhor
The horns of male
can grow up to
64 inches long.
The female
markhor horns
grows up to 10
inches.

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 Kingdom: Animalia
 Phylum: Chordata
 Class: Mammalia
 Order: Artiodactyla
 Family: Bovidae
 Subfamily: Caprinae
 Genus: Capra
 Species: C. falconeri
TAXONOMIC POSITION

7.  Persian, Punjabi, Urdu and Kashmiri:
markhor.
 Pashto: marǧūmay.
BIOLOGICAL NAME:
Capra falconeri
LOCAL NAMES

8. o The Markhor is a large goat that is found in
o Northeastern Afghanistan.
o Northern Pakistan.
o Some parts of Azad Kashmir & Indian Kashmir.
o southern Tajikistan and southern Uzbekistan.
DISTRIBUTION

9.  The Markhor is the National animal of
Pakistan.
In Pakistan markhor are mostly
Present in
Balochistan
Chitral
Swat
Ghizar
Hunza regions.
Distribution in Pakistan

10.  In Chitral markhor are found around the
border areas with Afghanistan, where it
inhabits a number of valleys along the
Kunar River (Chitral District), from Arandu
on the west bank and Drosh on the east
bank, up to Shoghor along the Lutkho
River, and as far as Barenis along the
Mastuj River.
Distribution in Chitral

11.  Markhor are herbivores.
 Primarily grazes on a variety of vegetation
including grasses, leaves, herbs, fruits and
flowers.
 Their diets shift seasonally.
 In the spring and summer periods they graze.
 But turn to browsing in winter.
FooD

12. The mating takes place in winter.
During mating season the males fight each other
by lunging, locking horns and attempting to push
each other off balance.
The gestation period lasts 135–170 days and
usually results in the birth of one or two kids,
though rarely three.
The markhor kids remain safe and looked after
by their mother until they are able to eat solid
food.
brEEDinG

13. The markhor is an endangered
species of wild goat.
Main threats are:
o Hunting: People hunt markhor for
food.
o For their horns which are thought
to have medicinal properties, in
Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and
Uzbekistan.
THREATS AND STATUS

14.  Second threat is Predation. Markhor are
important prey species for top carnivores like
wolves and snow leopards.
Deforestation resulting in the loss of their native
habitats.
Markhor are subject to threats such as illegal
hunting, habitat destruction and competition with
domestic goats and sheep. As a result, they
have been listed as Endangered by IUCN since
1994.
Threats & Status

15. Conservation Strategies
Ban on hunting
Tropy hunting

16. Prepared By:
Farman Ullah
&
Mehran Khan
BS Zoology 6th semester.
University Of Peshawar.
THANKS