The document discusses marketing research and marketing information systems. It defines marketing research as the systematic collection, analysis and reporting of data related to solving marketing problems and opportunities. Marketing research helps companies understand customers, markets, and competitors so they can make better business decisions. A marketing information system is described as an ongoing process that generates, analyzes, stores, and disseminates market data to support marketing decisions. Both marketing research and marketing information systems are important tools that provide accurate data and insights to help companies plan effectively and make informed decisions.