This document discusses mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines. MTB-MLE uses a student's mother tongue as the language of instruction in early primary grades to help facilitate learning Filipino and English. It is mandated by DepEd Order 74 from 2009. The goals are to develop cognitive skills to succeed in different subjects using mother tongue in early grades, then transitioning to English and Filipino. MTB-MLE aims to address issues like low completion rates and proficiency by strengthening foundation in first language. The document lists common mother tongues used in MTB-MLE across the Philippines.