The document discusses microprocessors and provides details about: - What a microprocessor is, including that it contains the CPU and control functions on a single chip - Types of memory like ROM and RAM - Components of the central processing unit (CPU) - Features of Intel processors like Turbo Boost and integrated graphics - Different types of desktop and laptop processors from Intel including Core i3, i5, i7, and Core i7 Extreme - Factors to consider when choosing a processor like intended use, performance needs, and number of simultaneous programs

1. Microprocessor
By: waqar ahmad

2. Agenda  
• Introduction.
• CPU.
• Memory.
• What is the Microprocessor?
• Kinds of Processors.
• Features & Benefits.
• Kinds of Desktop & Laptop Processors.
• How to Choose the Right Processor.

3. Preliminary Discussion
• Integrated circuit: An electronic circuit designed to perform some
function, in which the electronic components (transistors, resistors,
diodes, capacitors, etc.) are miniaturized, built into a small "chip" made
of silicon and interconnected through tiny strands of aluminum. More
commonly referred to as "microchips", or "IC chips“
• The chip found inside of a "musical" birthday card contain only a few
dozen components, whereas a Pentium processor today contains over 800
million transistors! When an integrated circuit is extremely complex, it
is usually known as a microprocessor.

4. What is a Microprocessor ?
• The entire CPU with timing and control
functions on a single chip is known as
Microprocessor. Therefore a
Microprocessor or MPU is an integrated
circuit that contains many processing
capabilities of a large computer.

5. Memory:
• Rom (Read only Memory):
ROM generally contains permanently stored data that
cannot be changed. It can be read but not written into.
The main feature of ROMs is that they are non-volatile,
which means that the information stored in them is not
lost when the power is removed.
• Ram (Random Access Memory):
RAM is memory that can be read or written to. RAM is
actually read/write memory. RAM memory is volatile
memory, that is, it is lost whenever the power is
switched off.

6. Central Processing Unite:
• The Central Processing unit or CPU
controls the operation of the computer.

7. Features & Benefits:
• Intel® Turbo Boost Technology 2.0:
dynamically increases the processors frequency as needed by
taking advantage of thermal and power headroom when
operating below specified limits.
• Intel® HT Technology:
allows each core of your processor to work on two tasks at the
same time.
• Intel® HD Graphics 3000:
delivers built-in performance for casual and mainstream
gaming with no extra graphics hardware needed.
• Intel® Quick Sync Video:
makes editing and sharing videos simple.

8. Kinds of Desktop & Laptop
Processors:

9. Intel® Core i3:
• Laptop:
Cores/Threads 2/4
Cache 3MB
Clock Speed 1.20-2.66 GHz
HT technology – HD Graphics
• Desktop:
Cores/Threads 2/4
Cache 3-4MB
Clock Speed 2.5-3.4 GHz
HT technology – HD Graphics

10. Intel® Core i5:
• Laptop:
Cores/Threads 2/4
Cache 3MB
Clock Speed 1.20-2.66 GHz
HT technology – HD Graphics – Turbo Boost technology
• Desktop:
Cores/Threads 2-4/4
Cache 3-8MB
Clock Speed 2.3-3.6 GHz
HT technology – HD Graphics – Turbo Boost technology

11. Intel® Core i7 Extreme :
• Laptop:
Cores/Threads 4/8
Cache 8MB
Clock Speed 2.00-2.7 GHz
HT technology – HD Graphics – Turbo Boost
technology
• Desktop:
Cores/Threads 6/12
Cache 8-15MB
Clock Speed 3.2-3.46 GHz
HT technology – Turbo Boost technology

12. Intel® Core i7:
• Laptop:
Cores/Threads 2-4/4-8
Cache 4-8MB
Clock Speed 1.06-2.80 GHz
HT technology – HD Graphics – Turbo Boost
technology
• Desktop:
Cores/Threads 4-6/8-12
Cache 8-12MB
Clock Speed 2.53-3.50 GHz
HT technology – HD Graphics – Turbo Boost
technology

13. How to Choose the Right Processor:
• How will you use your computer?
• How will you enjoy photos and videos?
• How will you communicate with other?
• What kinds of games will you play?
• Which performance you need?
• How many program you want run at once
time?

14.    Bill Gates   
to be a good professional
engineer always start to study
late for exams because it
teaches you how to manage
time and tackle emergencies.

15. Thank you.