The document discusses the nature of management as being an art, science, and profession. It provides details on how management is a science due to its systematic body of knowledge based on facts and events. It is also an art that requires skills, creativity, and practice. Further, management is a profession that requires specialized knowledge and training with restricted entry. The document then covers the five main functions of management: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. It concludes by describing the three levels of management: top level, middle level, and lower level.

1. What do you think?
Is management art,
science or profession?
Yes, all the answers are
correct. Management is
art, science and
profession.

2. Let’s discuss in detail:
Nature of Management
Science
Arts
Profession

3. Management as science:
Management is
science because it is a
systematic and
organized body of
knowledge based on
logically observed
findings, facts and
events.

4. Management as Arts:
Management is art
because it is a
systematic body of
knowledge which
requires skills,
creativity and
practice to get
perfection.

5. Management as Profession:
Management is
profession because
profession is an
occupation backed
by specialized
knowledge and
training in which
entry is restricted.

6. Hope now it is clear that the
nature of management is an
art, science as well as
profession.
Let’s proceed towards
Functions of Management.

7. Functions of Management in detail:
There are mainly five
functions of management
which are as follows:
 Planning
 Organizing
 Staffing
 Directing
 Controlling

8. Planning: Planning means setting
up of goals and targets and formulating
an action plan to achieve them
effectively and efficiently. Planning
bridges the gap between where we are
and where we want to go. Planning is a
trap to capture future.
Organizing: It is a managerial
function of assigning duties, grouping
task, allocating resources and
establishing authority to achieve a
specific goal.

9. Staffing: Finding the right
person for right job at right time
with right qualifications.
Directing: It means leading,
influencing, motivating the
employees to perform the task
assigned to them.
Controlling: It means ensuring
that the work has been done as
per the plan and resources are
being used for the achievement of
pre- determined goals.

10. Now, let’s proceed to
next topic i.e. Levels of
management.

11. There are 3 levels of management:
Top level
Middle level
Lower level Let’s discuss in
detail:

12. Top Level Management
It consists of chairman, Board of
Directors (BOD), Managing Director
(MD), Chief executive officer (CEO),
Vice President (VP), Chief Financial
Officer (CFO), Chief Operational
Officer (COO) etc.
The main functions of top level are:
 Liaison with the outside world.
 Assembling all the resources.
 Organizing activities.
 Framing plans and policies.
 Determining objectives.

13. Middle Level Management
This level of mgnt. Consists of
departmental heads such as purchase
department head, sales department
head, finance manager, marketing
manager, etc. People of this group are
responsible for executing plans and
policies made by top level mgnt.
The functions of middle level are:
 Recruitment and selection of
employees.
 Organizing activities of department.
 Interpretation of policies at lower
level.
 Motivating people to perform to their
best.
Implementing the plans framed by
top level.

14. Lower level Management
It is also known as supervisory level
and operational level. This level
consists of supervisors, foreman,
sub- department executives, clerk,
etc.
The functions of lower level are:
 Safety of workers.
 Helping middle level in
recruitment and selection.
 Boosting the morale of workers.
 Maintaining quality standards.
 Welcoming suggestion of workers.
 Good working conditions.
 Minimizing the wastage of
material.
 Representing grievance of workers.