1. The document provides an introduction and overview of using the Internet of Things (IoT) with the ESP8266 microcontroller. 2. It outlines the topics to be covered, including how to read schematics, use a breadboard, setup the ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller, and develop code using its integrated development environment. 3. Example code is provided to blink an LED and create a basic HTTP server using the ESP8266 to serve web pages and share sensor data over WiFi.

1. Internet of Things for Dummies
Week 1
$ whoami
Ha Trung Hieu aka Harry Ha
hieuht@0x1115.org
@makerhanoi
@2016, September 24

2. IoT devices combine
hardware and software
- Hardware interacts with the world
- Software takes the is the data received
from the hardware and It is“Intelligence”

3. Outline;
1. How to read a schematic
2. How to use a Breadboard
3. ESP8266 NodeMCU
4. Setup development environment
5. Example
6. More

4. 1. How to read
a schematic

5. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Resistors
Potentiometers and Variable Resistors

6. Resistors
● Provides resistance to current flow
● Two terminals, not difference between them
● Band colors indicate resistor size
– Each color is a digit; scientific notation is used
(ohms, kilo-ohms)

7. Series and Parallel Resistors
Series resistors
Parallel resistors

8. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Capacitors
Inductors

9. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Switches

10. Basic schematic symbols for various components
DC or AC Voltage Batteries
Voltage Nodes

11. Batteries / DC Power
● Provides voltages via power and ground
● The short bar is a negative terminal
● Do not create a short circuit

12. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Diodes
Light-emitting diodes

13. ●
Two terminals: anode and cathode
● Current only flows in one direction, anode to
cathode. One-way valve
● LEDs light when current flows
● Only in forward bias condition when Anode-
Cathode voltage must be above threshold
– Threshold depends on diode
●
Reverse Biased condition when anode is
negative with respect to the cathode
● Diodes have a maximum current limit
– Maybe 20mA
– Do not connect an LED directly across a 5V
supply (Too much current without a resistor)
Diodes and LEDs

14. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Transistors
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)

15. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Transistors
Metal Oxide Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs)

16. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Digital Logic Gates

17. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Integrated Circuits

18. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Headers and Connectors
Transformers and Relays

19. Basic schematic symbols for various components
Speakers, buzzers and Motors
Junctions and Nodes

20. 2. How to use a Breadboard

21. 3. ESP8266 - NodeMCU
NodeMCU is a ESP8266 with USB2TTL
every GPIO can be PWM, I2C, 1-wire
FCC CERTIFIED WI-FI module, PCB antenna

22. 4. Setup Development Environment
● Fast & user friendly development
● Work with GPIO in Arduino style
● High effective in perfomance and memory usage (this is native firmware!)
● Compatible with standard Arduino libraries
● rBoot OTA firmware updating
● Built-in file system: spiffs
● Built-in powerfull network and wireless modules
● Built-in JSON library: ArduinoJson
● HTTP, AJAX, WebSockets support
● MQTT protocol based on libemqtt
● Networking based on LWIP stack
● Simple and powerfull hardware API wrappers
● Based on Espressif NONOS SDK 1.4.0 & 1.5.0
Sming Framework

23. Step 1: Install prerequisites
# Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get install make unrar autoconf automake libtool libtool-bin
gcc g++ gperf flex bison texinfo gawk ncurses-dev libexpat1-dev
python sed python-serial python-dev srecord bc git help2man
# Fedora
$ sudo dnf install make unrar autoconf automake libtool gcc gcc-c++
gperf flex bison texinfo gawk ncurses-devel expat-devel python sed
pyserial srecord bc git patch

24. 4.1 Tools Chains
● Sming Core SDK is a open Source framework for high efficiency
WiFi SoC ESP8266 native development with C++ language.
● Esptool.py is a cute Python utility to communicate with the ROM
bootloader in Espressif ESP8266
● Esptool2 is a tool for creating rom images for the ESP8266

25. Step 2: Build SDK & Environment
Build esp-open-sdk
$ mkdir -p /opt/
$ cd /opt/
$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/pfalcon/esp-open-sdk.git
$ cd esp-open-sdk
$ sudo chown -R $USER:$USER ./
$ make STANDALONE=y
Set Environment Variables
$ export ESP_HOME=/opt/esp-open-sdk
$ export SMING_HOME=~/Sming/Sming
$ vim ~/.bashrc
$ vim ~/.zshrc

26. Step 3: Build SDK & Environment
Get and Build Sming Core
$ cd $SMING_HOME/../..
$ git clone https://github.com/SmingHub/Sming.git
$ cd Sming/Sming
$ make
$ make spiffy

27. Step 4: Tools
Install esptool.py
$ sudo apt-get install python-serial unzip
$ wget https://github.com/themadinventor/esptool/archive/master.zip
$ unzip master.zip
$ mv esptool-master $ESP_HOME/esptool
$ echo $ESP_HOME/esptool
/opt/esp-open-sdk/esptool
$ rm master.zip
Install esptool2
$ cd $ESP_HOME
$ git clone https://github.com/raburton/esptool2
$ cd esptool2
$ make
$ export PATH=$PATH:$ESP_HOME/esptool2
$ vim ~/.bashrc
$ vim ~/.zsrhc

28. Step 5: Check List
$ cat ~/.zshrc
export ESP_HOME=/opt/esp-open-sdk
export PATH=/opt/esp-open-sdk/xtensa-lx106-elf/bin:$PATH:$ESP_HOME/esptool2
export SMING_HOME=/opt/Sming/Sming
$ which esptool2
/opt/esp-open-sdk/esptool2/esptool2
$ which esptool.py
/opt/esp-open-sdk/xtensa-lx106-elf/bin/esptool.py

29. Step 6: Eclipse
Import Sming Sample Projects
Project Window
→Import then General
→Existing Projects into Workspace
→ Next

30. Step 6: Eclipse
Enable Sming Code Completion
Window
→Preferences
→C/C++ → Build → Environments
→Add New variable

31. Step 6: Eclipse
Project References
Window
→Choose a example project
→Properties
→Project References
→Tick SmingFramework

32. 5. Example

33. 5.1 Blink.
├── app
│ └── application.cpp
├── include
│ └── user_config.h
├── Makefile
└── Makefile-user.mk
#include <user_config.h>
#include <SmingCore/SmingCore.h>
#define LED_PIN 2 // GPIO2
Timer procTimer;
bool state = true;
void blink() {
digitalWrite(LED_PIN, state);
state = !state;
}
void init() {
pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
procTimer.initializeMs(1000, blink).start();
}

34. 5.2 HTTP Server
server.listen(80);
server.addPath("/", onIndex);
server.addPath("/hello", onHello);
server.setDefaultHandler(onFile);
Serial.println("=== WEB SERVER STARTED ===");
Serial.println(WifiStation.getIP());
void onIndex(HttpRequest &request, HttpResponse &response) {
TemplateFileStream *tmpl = new TemplateFileStream("index.html");
auto &vars = tmpl->variables();
vars["counter"] = String(counter);
vars["IP"] = WifiStation.getIP().toString();
vars["MAC"] = WifiStation.getMAC();
response.sendTemplate(tmpl);
}
void onFile(HttpRequest &request, HttpResponse &response) {
String file = request.getPath();
if (file[0] == '/')
file = file.substring(1);
response.setCache(86400, true);
response.sendFile(file);
}

35. 6. More
→ An open-source firmware and development kit that helps you
to prototype your IOT product within a few Lua script lines
→ Get Started with ESP8266 Using Arduino
→ Getting started with MicroPython on the ESP8266
→ NodeMCU custom builds