3. • Regardless of the cause of wound, healing occurs in some phases
and many actions occur simultaneously.
• The phases of the wound healing are:
1. Vascular phase
2. Inflammation
3. Proliferation or resolution
4. Maturation or reconstruction.
4. VASCULAR RESPONSE PHASE
• Within seconds after injury, blood vessels constrict to stop bleeding
• Clotting process begins, platelets form a clot and stop bleeding.
• Plasma proteins begins to form a fibrous meshwork.
• When platelets come in contact with this meshwork they become sticky and
adhere to the fibers, forming a plug
• This meshwork covers the wound and prevent blood loss
5. • Capillaries dilate 10 to 30 minutes after injury
• Wound becomes warm and red ,and these changes are considered as a
manifestation of inflammation and the wound begins the inflammatory
phase of healing.
6.
7. INFLAMMATION PHASE
• It is the second phase of healing process.
• Inflammation occurs whenever the cells have been injured.
• Cellular injury can occur from trauma, oxygen or nutrient deprivation or
radiation.
• Inflammation begins at the moment of injury and continue for 4 to 6 days,
depending on the extent of injury.
8.
9. PROLIFERATIVE PHASE
• It is the third phase of wound healing.
• It contains the overlapping process of collagen deposition, angiogenesis and
wound contraction.
• This phase ends about 2 weeks of injury, but the process of healing is not
complete and continue for 1to 2 years.
• Wound contraction is crucial for survival.
10.
11. MATURATION PHASE
• This is the final phase of healing marked by remodeling of the scar.
• This phase occurs for a year or longer after the wound is closed
• During this phase, the scar is remodeled, capillaries disappear, and the scar
tissue regains about 2/3rd of its original strength.
• Remodeling provide tensile strength to the wound.
