Tissues response to stress steps of wound healing
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The document discusses the different phases of wound healing: 1) Bleeding phase occurs immediately after injury and lasts 6-8 hours. 2) Inflammation phase begins within 6-8 hours and reaches peak reaction between 1-3 days to stop bleeding and begin clotting. 3) Proliferation phase lasts 2-3 weeks as collagen is produced to form scar tissue through granulation, contraction, and re-epithelialization. 4) Remodeling phase results in regaining strength over time but risk of breakdown remains high as structure and density are reorganized.
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D)digestive system
The digestive system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients. It begins with the mouth and includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus. Accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder and pancreas produce enzymes and bile to aid in chemical digestion. Food is mechanically and chemically broken down as it passes through the digestive tract, with the small intestine absorbing most nutrients and the large intestine absorbing water before waste is excreted through the anus.
C)nervous system
The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes that the nervous system controls and regulates all functions of the body. It is made up of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain parts like cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla, and diencephalon. The cerebrum controls higher functions while the cerebellum coordinates movement. The peripheral nervous system includes the somatic and autonomic systems. The autonomic system further divides into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems which work to stimulate or relax the body. Exercise is beneficial for the nervous system by reducing anxiety and depression and increasing blood flow to the brain.
B)cardio respiratory systemj
The document summarizes the key components and functions of the cardio respiratory system. It discusses how the heart, blood, blood vessels, lungs, and respiratory system work together to oxygenate tissues and remove carbon dioxide. Specifically, it outlines the roles of blood (transportation, regulation, protection), blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), the heart (pumping blood through the body), and respiration (gas exchange in lungs and tissues). Overall, the cardio respiratory system carries oxygen to tissues and removes waste through integrated functions of circulation and breathing.
A)musculoskeletal system
The musculoskeletal system provides movement, stability, and support to the body. It consists of two main systems - the skeletal system and the muscular system. The skeletal system includes all bones and joints, with 206 total bones that are classified based on their shape into long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid bones. The muscular system contains over 600 muscles that are attached to bones via tendons. When muscles contract, they pull bones to create movement. There are three main types of muscles - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.
C) anatomical and physiological differences in male and female
- Males and females experience different growth patterns, with females growing faster earlier and males growing faster during adolescence.
- Male skeletons and muscles are generally larger and stronger compared to females. Males have broader shoulders, bigger heads, and longer limbs proportionate to their body size.
- Physiological differences like heart size, reaction time, muscle composition, and menstruation cycles can influence sports performance between males and females. Females also have structural advantages related to childbirth like wider pelvises.
- Due to anatomical and physiological advantages in size, strength, and muscle composition, males tend to outperform females in competitions after adolescence. Direct physical competition between males and females is not advisable after age
D) introduction to cells and tissues
All living organisms are made of cells and cell products. Cells vary in size, shape, and function. The basic unit of structure and function in the human body is the cell. Cells have a membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles that allow them to carry out functions. Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function. The four main types of tissues are epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue covers and protects the body, connective tissue binds and supports other tissues, muscular tissue forms muscles, and nervous tissue transmits signals in the body.
A)introduction to human body
This document provides an introduction to human anatomy and physiology. It discusses that anatomy is the study of body structure, including size, shape and composition, while physiology is the study of how the body functions. It notes that anatomy provides knowledge of organ structure, physiology provides knowledge of organ functions, and pathophysiology is the study of dysfunctional processes. The document outlines that anatomy can be studied at different organizational levels, from cells to whole body systems. It emphasizes the importance of understanding anatomy and physiology for purposes like sports performance and injury prevention and rehabilitation.
Common sports injuries and treatment
1. Common sports injuries include sprains, strains, fractures, dislocations, shin splints, tennis elbow, and muscle cramps. Sprains involve ligament tears while strains damage muscles or tendons.
2. Prevention methods include proper warm up, conditioning, technique, equipment, rest, and rehabilitation exercises. Treatment often involves RICE therapy, bracing, exercises, and in severe cases, surgery.
3. Sports injuries can result from overuse or acute trauma and affect various parts of the body like the knees, elbows, lower back, and ankles. Rehabilitation focuses on regaining mobility, flexibility, and muscle strength.
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Tissues response to stress steps of wound healing
- 1. TISSUES RESPONSE TO STRESS DIFFERENT STEPS OF WOUND HEALING Mr. Sachin S. Parsekar
- 2. MEANING • Wound : injury to the body (as from violence, accident, or surgery) that typically involves laceration or breaking of a membrane (such as the skin) and usually damage to underlying tissues • open wound • closed wound
- 3. • Healing : Tissue healing is defined as The replacement of Destroyed tissue • Healing is body response to injury in attempt to restore normal structure and function
- 4. PHASES OF WOUND HEALING • Bleeding phase • Inflammation phase • Proliferation phase • Remodeling phase
- 5. BLEEDING PHASE • This is a short phase immediately after injury, lasting about 6-8 hours, and up to 24 hours after a crush injury. The time of the bleeding will depend on the extent of the soft tissue injury and the management thereof. The more vascular the injured structures, the more bleeding will occur
- 6. INFLAMMATION PHASE • The goal of the inflammation phase is to stop the bleeding phase. • This is achieved by retraction of injured blood vessels and clotting. The blood supply to the area increases in this time. This phase starts rapidly within a 6-8 hours after the soft tissue injury, reaches the maximal reaction between 1-3 days. • Blood vessels contraction initiated by platelets plug formation • WBC destroy bacteria incase of open wound and prevent infection • Plasma comes out as results in swelling • Bleeding will lead to redness
- 7. PROLIFERATION PHASE • During this phase, collagen is produced to form scar tissue. This phase starts between 24-48 hours after injury but lasts up to 2-3 weeks when the bulk of the scar tissue is formed. 1. Granulation: fibroblast produced for reconstruction of capillaries, give strength, and structure of tissue 2. Contraction: decreasing size of wound by margin contracts or edges pull together 3. EpithiliazatIon: (Sealing of wound ) Epithelial Layer provides a seal between underlying wound and environment.
- 8. REMODELING PHASE • It is also known as maturation phase • The result of this phase is Regain densal strength, reorganize structure, gain natural strength. • However in this phase Risk of break down of tissue is high.
- 9. MANAGEMENT OF INJURY 1. Phase : PRICE should be given to reduce pain and swelling. Pain free range of motion with cryotherapy 2. Phase: starts when inflammation singns are reduced. I.e. swelling, pain ,redness. This phases is to prevent muscle atrophy. Pain free full range of motion with concentric strengthening. If pain than reduce intensity 3. Phase (Remodeling phase): stretching to avoid lose of flexibility, Eccentric Strengthening to make sure muscle is already regenerated Which will prevent injury 4. Phase: Aim us to return to sports Without reinjury. Solution to avoid reinjury is to Increase strength, flexibility, endurance, Speed 5. Phase : Main aim is to Return to competition without reinjury With strength, coordination, psychological readiness For this Progressive Agility and stabilization should be practice
- 10. CLINICAL BOTTOM LINE • Tissue healing is natural process that occurs in body after injury • It is very important To select Most appropriate Therapy at each stage
- 11. THANK YOU