This document discusses the environment and management of natural resources. It defines biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes, and describes the components of an ecosystem including biotic factors like producers, consumers, and decomposers, and abiotic factors like air, water, and soil. It also explains food chains and food webs, how human activities affect the environment, different types of natural resources, and methods for managing waste like landfills, recycling, composting, and sewage treatment. The key topics covered are the need for managing natural resources, importance of forests and wildlife conservation, uses of water and advantages/disadvantages of dams, and issues like coal, petroleum, and acid rain
Environment literally means surrounding and everything that affect an organism during its lifetime is collectively known as its environment. In another words “Environment is sum total of water, air and land interrelationships among themselves and also with the human being, other living organisms and property”. It includes all the physical and biological surrounding and their interactions.
Environmental studies provide an approach towards understanding the environment of our planet and the impact of human life upon the environment.
Thus environment is actually global in nature, it is a multidisciplinary subject including physics, geology, geography, history, economics, physiology, biotechnology, remote sensing, geophysics, soil science and hydrology etc. Scope of Environmental Science Environmental science is a multidisciplinary science whose basic aspects have a direct relevance to every section of the society.
Its main aspects are:
• Conservation of nature and natural resources.
• Conservation of biological diversity.
• Control of environmental pollution.
• Stabilization of human population and environment.
• Social issues in relation to development and environment.
• Development of non-polluting renewable energy system and providing new dimension to nation’s security. Importance of Environmental Science Environment belongs to all the living beings and thus is, important for all.
Each and every body of whatever occupation he or she may have, is affected by environmental issues like global warming, depletion of ozone layer, dwindling forest, energy resources, loss of global biodiversity etc.
Environment study deals with the analysis of the processes in water, air, land, soil and organisms which leads to pollute or degrade environment. It helps us for establishing standard,Environment and Ecology for safe, clean and healthy natural ecosystem.
It also deals with important issues like safe and clean drinking water, hygienic living conditions and clean and fresh air, fertility of land, healthy food and development. Sustainable environmental law, business administration, environmental protection, management and environmental engineering are immerging as new career opportunities for environment protection and managements.
Need for Public Awareness With the ever increasing development by modern man, large scale degradation of natural resources have been occurred, the public has to be educated about the fact that if we are degrading our environment we are actually harming ourselves.
To encourage meaningful public participation and environment, it is necessary to create awareness about environment pollution and related adverse effects. The United Nations conference on Environment and Development held in Rio-de-Janeiro, followed by Earth summit on sustainable Development have high-lighted the key issues of global environmental concern and have attracted the general public towards the...
Environment literally means surrounding and everything that affect an organism during its lifetime is collectively known as its environment. In another words “Environment is sum total of water, air and land interrelationships among themselves and also with the human being, other living organisms and property”. It includes all the physical and biological surrounding and their interactions.
Environmental studies provide an approach towards understanding the environment of our planet and the impact of human life upon the environment.
Thus environment is actually global in nature, it is a multidisciplinary subject including physics, geology, geography, history, economics, physiology, biotechnology, remote sensing, geophysics, soil science and hydrology etc. Scope of Environmental Science Environmental science is a multidisciplinary science whose basic aspects have a direct relevance to every section of the society.
Its main aspects are:
• Conservation of nature and natural resources.
• Conservation of biological diversity.
• Control of environmental pollution.
• Stabilization of human population and environment.
• Social issues in relation to development and environment.
• Development of non-polluting renewable energy system and providing new dimension to nation’s security. Importance of Environmental Science Environment belongs to all the living beings and thus is, important for all.
Each and every body of whatever occupation he or she may have, is affected by environmental issues like global warming, depletion of ozone layer, dwindling forest, energy resources, loss of global biodiversity etc.
Environment study deals with the analysis of the processes in water, air, land, soil and organisms which leads to pollute or degrade environment. It helps us for establishing standard,Environment and Ecology for safe, clean and healthy natural ecosystem.
It also deals with important issues like safe and clean drinking water, hygienic living conditions and clean and fresh air, fertility of land, healthy food and development. Sustainable environmental law, business administration, environmental protection, management and environmental engineering are immerging as new career opportunities for environment protection and managements.
Need for Public Awareness With the ever increasing development by modern man, large scale degradation of natural resources have been occurred, the public has to be educated about the fact that if we are degrading our environment we are actually harming ourselves.
To encourage meaningful public participation and environment, it is necessary to create awareness about environment pollution and related adverse effects. The United Nations conference on Environment and Development held in Rio-de-Janeiro, followed by Earth summit on sustainable Development have high-lighted the key issues of global environmental concern and have attracted the general public towards the...
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Class 10 Science Notes on Our Environment, covering key topics like ecosystems, biodiversity, pollution, and conservation. Access concise summaries, diagrams, and explanations to ace your exams and deepen your understanding of environmental science.
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2. i) Biodegradable wastes :- are wastes which are
decomposed into harmless substances by
microorganisms.
Eg :-
vegetables, fruits, pulses, cereals, cotton, jute, wool,
wood, leather, paper, animal dung, animal bones etc.
ii) Non biodegradable wastes :- are wastes which are
not
decomposed by microorganisms.
Eg :- polythene bags, plastics, synthetic
fibres, glass,
metals, synthetic rubber, insecticides, pesticides etc.
3. Ecosystem :- An ecosystem consists of all the living organisms in an
area along with the non living components and their interaction.
There are different types of ecosystems. They are :-
i) Natural ecosystems :- like forests, deserts, grass lands, mountains,
ponds, lakes, rivers, oceans etc.
ii) Artificial ecosystems :- like gardens, parks, crop fields, aquarium, zoo
etc.
Components of an ecosystem :-
An ecosystem consists of two main components. They are biotic and
abiotic
components.
i) Biotic components :- are the living components like plants, animals
and
microorganisms. They consist of producers, consumers and decomposers.
Producers :- are green plants which produce food by photosynthesis.
Consumers :- are herbivores which get their food directly from plants,
carnivores which get their food indirectly from plants and omnivores
which
get their food directly or indirectly from plants.
Decomposers :- are microorganisms which decompose dead plants and
animals. They decompose complex organic substances into simple
inorganic
substances in the soil which are again used by plants.
ii) Abiotic components :- are the non living components like
air, water, soil,
minerals, sunlight , temperature, wind etc.
4. FOOD CHAIN:-
A food chain is the flow of food energy from one organism to the
next and to the next and so on. They usually start with a producer
(plants) and end with a carnivore. In a food chain an organism gets
food from one group of organisms.
5. FOOD WEB:-
Food web is a group of several interconnected food chains.
In a food web an organism gets food from more than one
group of organisms.
6. Human activities affect the environment :-
Depletion of ozone layer in the atmosphere
Managing garbage we produce
Seawage treatment
7.
8. Land fills Recycling
Production of biogas and manure Preparation of compost
10. Natural resources:-
Natural resources are the resources available in a nature like
air, water, sunlight, soil, minerals, forests, wild life etc.
Natural resources are of two main types. They are renewable and non
renewable natural resources.
i) Renewable natural resources :-
Are the resources which can be replenished in a short period of time
like air, water, sunlight, forests etc.
ii) Non renewable natural resources :-
Are the resources which cannot be replenished in a short period of
time like minerals (coal, petroleum, natural gas, metals etc.) because
they take millions of years to be formed.
Human activities produce a lot of waste materials which are thrown
away into the environment. These wastes cause pollution of natural
resources like air, water and soil.
13. WE ARE GOING TO KNOW ABOUT:
NEED FOR MANAGEMENTING NATURAL
RESOURCES
IMPORTANCE OF FORESTS
CONSERVATION OF FORESTS
USES OF WATER
ADVATAGES &DISADVANTAGES OF DAMS
IMPORTANCE OF WILDLIFE
CONSERVATION OF WILDLIFE
COAL AND PETROLEUM
ACID RAIN FORMATION