What is magic realism?
What is the History of Magical Realism?
Characteristics of magic realism
classic magic realism example
modern magic realiam example
Samuel Beckett's 'Waiting for Godot' belongs to the tradition of the Theatre of Absurd. It is unconventional in not depicting any dramatic conflicts. In the play, practically nothing happens, no development is to be found, there is no beginning and no end.
Aristotle's Poetics (Greek: Περὶ ποιητικῆς, Latin: De Poetica;[1] c. 335 BCE[2]) is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory.[3]
In it, Aristotle offers an account of what he calls "poetry" (a term which in Greek literally means "making" and in this context includes drama—comedy, tragedy, and the satyr play—as well as lyric poetry and epic poetry).
To the lighthouse, Summary,themes, symbols and modernismWali ullah
Virginia Woolf biography, works and style. Stream of consciousness and it's features. Introduction, summary, themes, and modernism in To The Lighthouse. Modernism. Modern Novels. Modern writing Techniques, Virginia Woolf life and works.
Samuel Beckett's 'Waiting for Godot' belongs to the tradition of the Theatre of Absurd. It is unconventional in not depicting any dramatic conflicts. In the play, practically nothing happens, no development is to be found, there is no beginning and no end.
Aristotle's Poetics (Greek: Περὶ ποιητικῆς, Latin: De Poetica;[1] c. 335 BCE[2]) is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory.[3]
In it, Aristotle offers an account of what he calls "poetry" (a term which in Greek literally means "making" and in this context includes drama—comedy, tragedy, and the satyr play—as well as lyric poetry and epic poetry).
To the lighthouse, Summary,themes, symbols and modernismWali ullah
Virginia Woolf biography, works and style. Stream of consciousness and it's features. Introduction, summary, themes, and modernism in To The Lighthouse. Modernism. Modern Novels. Modern writing Techniques, Virginia Woolf life and works.
PAPER NO.202 Magical realism and Symbolism in Midnight's Children RiddhiRathod31
Magical Realism and Symbolism are storytelling tools that add depth and enchantment to literature and art. Magical Realism blends the magical with the ordinary, making us question reality. Symbolism uses hidden codes to express emotions and deeper meanings. Both invite us to explore the worlds beyond the surface.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Reimagination of Greek Mythology in Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Olym...ijtsrd
This study aims to illustrate the significance of Greek mythology in this modern world and how it is reimagined by the American author Rick Riordan in his pentalogy, Percy Jackson, and The Olympian Series. In his novels, Riordan portrays the Greek gods centered in the focal point of the modern civilization, guiding the modern man in all his endeavors. He presents to us an out of the ordinary scenario, where the Greek myths are embedded in the core of modern American society and how the pop culture and modernity is mixed with the archaic myths of Greece. Hrithuparna. T "Reimagination of Greek Mythology in Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Olympians Serie" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42322.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comhumanities-and-the-arts/english/42322/reimagination-of-greek-mythology-in-rick-riordan’s-percy-jackson-and-the-olympians-serie/hrithuparna-t
Similar to Magical realism in midnight's children.pptx (15)
comparison between Alexander Pope and WordsworthJanviNakum
WHAT ARE THE MAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NEOCLASSICAL AND ROMANTICISM?
ALEXANDER POPE AND WILLIAM WORDSWORTH
COMPARISON AND CONTRAST OF WILLIAM WORDSWORTH AND ALEXANDER POPE
W.H.Auden ; Wystan Hugh Auden was born in York, England, on February 21, 1907. He moved to Birmingham during childhood and was educated at Christ Church, Oxford. As a young man he was influenced by the poetry of Thomas Hardy and Robert Frost, as well as William Blake, Emily Dickinson, Gerard Manley Hopkins, and Old English verse. At Oxford his precocity as a poet was immediately apparent, and he formed lifelong friendships with two fellow writers, Stephen Spender and Christopher Isherwood. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for his 1947 long poem The Age of Anxiety, the title of which became a popular phrase describing the modern era. Auden’s career has undergone much reevaluation in recent decades. While some critics have contended that he wrote his finest work when his political sentiments were less obscured by religion and philosophy, others defend his later material as the work of a highly original and mature intellect.
Many critics echo the assessment of Auden’s career by the National Book Committee, which awarded him the National Medal for Literature in 1967: “[Auden’s poetry] has illuminated our lives and times with grace, wit and vitality. His work, branded by the moral and ideological fires of our age, breathes with eloquence, perception and intellectual power.”
What is elegy ? : (in modern literature) a poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead. (in Greek and Latin verse) a poem written in elegiac couplets, as notably by Catullus and Propertius. An elegy is a poem of serious reflection, especially one mourning the loss of someone who died. Elegies are defined by their subject matter, and don't have to follow any specific form in terms of meter, rhyme, or structure.
Modern Elegy : For modern and contemporary poets, the elegy is a poem that deals with the subjects of death or mortality, but has no set form, meter, or rhyme scheme. While modern elegies don't have to use any particular meter or follow a particular form, they do typically follow a specific thematic arc, moving from grief toward an acceptance of death.For modern and contemporary poets, the elegy is a poem that deals with the subjects of death or mortality, but has no set form, meter, or rhyme scheme. While modern elegies don't have to use any particular meter or follow a particular form, they do typically follow a specific thematic arc, moving from grief toward an acceptance of death.
In Memory W.B.Yeast & Structure
“In Memory of W.B. Yeats” was written by Auden in February 1939 in Memory of William Butler Yeats after his death in Roquebrune (Southern France) on January 29, 1939. This poem follows the traditional elegiac form. In the poem is three – part that is divided into Stanza of different lengths. The first part of the poem contains six stanzas, the second: one and the third: six again. Auden does not make use of a rhyme scheme in the first two parts of the poem but in the third he does.
The Great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald
F. Scott Fitzgerald born September 24, 1896, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.F. Scott Fitzgerald was a 20th-century American short-story writer and novelist. Although he completed four novels and more than 150 short stories in his lifetime, he is perhaps best remembered for his third novel, The Great Gatsby (1925). The Great Gatsby is today widely considered “the great American novel.” he died December 21, 1940, Hollywood, California.
About the Novel
The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel by American Writer F. Scott Fitzgerald. Set in the Jazz Age on Long Island, near New York City, the novel Depicts First Person narrator Nick Carraway’s interactions with Mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and Gatsby’s obsession to reunite with his former lover, Daisy Buchanan.
Gatsby continues to attract popular and scholarly attention. Contemporary scholars emphasize the novel's treatment of social class, inherited versus self-made wealth, race, and environmentalism, and its cynical attitude towards the American dream. One persistent item of criticism is an allegation of antisemitic stereotyping. The Great Gatsby is widely considered to be a literary masterwork and a contender for the title of the Great American Novel.
The moral of the novel is that the American Dream is Ultimately unattainable.
The Decline of the American Dream in the 1920s :On the surface, The Great Gatsby is a story of the thwarted love between a man and a woman. The main theme of the novel, However, encompasses a much larger, less romantic Scope.
Though all of its action takes place over a mere few months during the summer of 1922 and is set in a circumscribed geographical area in the vicinity of Long Island, New York, The Great Gatsby is a highly symbolic meditation on 1920s America as a whole, in particular the disintegration of the American dream in an era of unprecedented prosperity and material excess.
When World War I ended in 1918, the generation of young Americans who had fought the war became intensely disillusioned, as the brutal carnage that they had just faced made the Victorian social morality of early-twentieth-century America. American aristocracy—families with old wealth—scorned the newly rich industrialists and speculators. Additionally, the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment in 1919, which banned the sale of alcohol, created a thriving underworld designed to satisfy the massive demand for bootleg liquor among rich and poor alike.
Fitzgerald positions the characters of The Great Gatsby as emblems of these social trends. Nick and Gatsby, both of whom fought in World War I, exhibit the newfound cosmopolitanism and cynicism that resulted from the war. The various social climbers and ambitious speculators who attend Gatsby’s parties evidence the greedy scramble for wealth.
Jonathan Swift
Jonathan Swift was on 30 November 1667 in Dublin, Ireland
He was an Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer, poet and Anglican cleric.
He is regarded by the Encyclopaedia Britannica as the foremost prose Satirist in the English language, and less well known foe his poetry.
He originally published all of his works under pseudonyms- such as Lemuel Gulliver, Isaac Bickerstaff, M.B. Drapier- or anonymously.
He was a master of two styles of satire, the Horatian and Juvenalian Styles.
What is the meaning of Tale of Tub?
One of the great themes that swift explores in A Tale of a Tub is the madness of pride involved in believing one’s own age to be supreme and the inferiority of derivative works.
One of the attacks in the tale was on those who believe that being readers of works makes them the equals of the creators of works.
A Tale of a Tub
A Tale of a Tub, Prose Satire by Jonathan Swift, written between 1696 and 1699, published anonymously in 1704, and expanded in 1710.
Regarded as his first major work, it comprises three related Sketches: the “Tale” itself, an energetic defense of literature and religion against zealous pedantry.
The Sections of the “Tale” alternate between the main allegory about Christian history and ironic digressions on modern scholarship.
From 1710, the cover of the 5th edition of Tale of a Tub. This is a very typical pamphlet cover page.
Sailors, when threatened by a whale , would throw an empty tub to divert it from attacking their ship.
Symbols
Three Brothers – Three Branches of Christianity
The will of the Father – Bible
Father - God
Three costs – Three Religious Practices
Mary Shelley Early Life
Shelley was born Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin on August 30, 1797, in London, England.
She Was the daughter of philosopher and political Writer William Godwin.
Shelley’s mother died less than a month after giving birth to her.
She was raised by her father, who provided her a rich informal education, Encouraging her to adhere to his own Anarchist political theories.
She British novelist, short story writer, Dramatist, essayist, biographer and travel writer.
Percy Bysshe Shelley, Shelley and his stepsister left for France and travelled through Europe.
Upon their return to England, Shelley Was pregnant with Percy’s child.
They Married in late 1816, After the suicide Percy Shelley’s first wife, Harriet.
Shelley second and third children died before Shelley gave birth her last ang only surviving child, Percy Florence Shelley.
P.B.Shelley death in 1822 in Viareggio and she returned to England.
The last decade of her life was dogged by illness, most likely caused by the brain tumor which killed her 1 February 1851 London at age 53.
Shelley’s works
Gothic novel
Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus (1818)
Historical novels
Valperga (1823)
Perkin Warbeck (1830)
Apocalyptic novel
The Last Man (1837)
Her Last two novels : Lodore (1835) and Falkner (1844)
Short Stories
The Liberal(1822)
The London Magazine(1824)
Transformation
The invisible Girl
The Mortal Immortal
The Dream
The Mortal Immortal(1833)
The Mortal Immortal deals with the cursed life of winzy, a young man who has lived for 323 years. He recollects the events that led to his immortality.
Winzy worked for the professor and alchemist Cornelius Agrippa. Wnizy’s love for Bertha, his childhood Sweetheart and love of his life.
Cornelius Agrippa Spent many days working on an elixir. Winzy was not aware of the complete purpose of the elixir and winzy drink it when he felt bertha had left him for Albert Hoffer.
Agrippa deathbed and revels the purpose of the elixirs.
Winzy has live with the fact that Bertha is getting older while he continues to look Twenty years old.
Winzy confesses the truth and tells Bertha that he must leave her so that she may continue on with her life. Bertha accepts the situation and tells winzy that she wants to start a new life with him. Winzy cares Bertha perishes .Woman that he can love the way that he has loved Bertha. Bertha is death and Winzy effects of old age physical toll him but fact is appearance continues to be that of a twenty year old. The elixir does not prevent the aging process, but only keeps the drinker from dying.
Introduction: what is comparative literature Today ?JanviNakum
Abstract
There have been various definitions of comparative literature, which greatly varies from one scholar to another, but they all agree that it is one of the most modern literary sciences. Throughout the past two decades, new critical theories, such as gender-based criticism, translation studies, deconstruction and Orientalism, have changed approaches to literature and accordingly have had a profound impact on the work of the comparatists.
Sooner or later, anyone who claims to be working in comparative literature has to try and answer the inevitable question : What is it ? The simplest answer is that comparative literature involves the study of texts across cultures, that it is interdisciplinary and that it is concerned with patterns of connection in literature across both time and space.( Bassnett, p.1). "Everywhere there is connection, everywhere there is illustration," as Matthew Arnold puts it. According to Susan Bassnett, everybody who is interested in books is on the path to comparative literature.
Key Arguments
A comparative analysis you should have already read for different prominent writer for instance Chaucer, Shakespeare, Baudelaire, Poe, Joyce.
●Comparative Literature revolves around the study of literature outside the borders of one particular culture, the study of relations between literature on the one hand and other areas of human expression such as philosophy on the other hand. Critics have also related it to history as it examines the convergence (junction) of different literatures and its historical aspects of influence, considering that Comparative Literature is the essence of the history of literature, beyond the scope of one culture or language
●Another arguments is there west students of 1960 claimed that comparative literature could be put in single boundaries for comparative literature study, but she says that there is no particular method used for claiming.
●Critics at the end of the twentieth century, in the age of postmodernism, still wrestle with the same questions that were posed more than a century ago :
What is the object of the study in comparative literature?
How can comparison be the objective of anything?
If individual literatures have canon, what might a comparative canon be?
How can be comparatist select what to compare ?
Is comparative literature a discipline? Or is it simply a field of study ?
Introduction: What is comparative Literature Today ?
Susan Bassnett says that most of the people do not start with comparative literature but they end up with it in some way or other. Generally, we, first start reading the text and then we arrive at comparison. I mean to say, we start comparing that text with another that has similarities and dissimilarities. Comparative Literature emerged in 19th century. Comparative Literature is different from national literature, general literature and world literature. It was begun as “Literature Compare” in 1860 in Germany.
What is YouTube ?
Video sharing site where users are able to
upload their own videos
videos posted by others users all across the world
interact with the video
Diverse contents
How to upload video in You Tube on phone
How to upload video in You Tube on Laptop
Channel Dashboard
Channel Content
In Channel Customization Channel trailer for people who haven't subscribed.
Featured video for returning Subscribed.
Branding How to seat your profile picture and Banner images.
How to add Timestamp in your you tube video.
What is Gmail.
Gmail Basics Information.
Change the password in Gmail.
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Attachment
Email as Evidence in court.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. Department of English, Mkbu
202: Indian English Literature – Post – Independence
Name : Janvi Nakum
Roll No : 11
Email id : janvinakum360@gmail.com
3. About The Author
Real Name : Ahmed Salman Rushdie
Date of Birth:19 June 1947
Place of Birth: Bombay(Now Mumba in
Maharashtra) in India
Country Origin: India
Citizenship: United Kingdom, United
States(since 2006)
Father Name: Anis Ahmed Rushdie(Lawyer
turned businessman)
Mather Name: Negin Bhatt (Teacher)
Education: King’s College, Cambridge
4. What is Magic realism?
The Oxford Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms defines magic
realism as a “kind of modern fiction in which fabulous and
fantastical elements are included in a narrative that maintains the
reliable tone of objective, realistic report” . Magic realism mixes and
disrupts ordinary everyday reality with strange, impossible and
miraculous episode and power in social life.
Magical realism is a genre of literature that depicts the real world as
having an undercurrent of magic or fantasy. Magical realism is a part
of the realism genre of fiction.
5. What Is the History of Magical Realism?
The term “magischer realismus,” which translates to “magic
realism,” was first used in 1925 by German art critic Franz Roh in
his book Nach Expressionismus: Magischer Realismus (After
Expressionism: Magical Realism). He used the term to describe the
“Neue Sachlichkeit,” or New Objectivity, a style of painting that
was popular in Germany at the time that was an alternative to the
romanticism of expressionism.
6. Characteristics of Magic realism
Fantastical elements
Hybridity
Sense of Mystery
Irony
Supernatural and Natural
Meta-Fiction
Political Critique
7. 1.One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Márquez (1967)
2. Midnight’s Children by Salman Rushdie (1981).
3. The House of the Spirits by Isabel Allende (1982).
4. Beloved by Toni Morrison (1987).
5. Like Water for Chocolate by Laura Esquivel (1989).
6. The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle by Haruki Murakami (1994).
7. The Ocean at the End of the Lane by Neil Gaiman (2013).
Classic Magical Realism Examples
8. Modern Examples of Magical Realism
Crawl Through It by A.S. King
Beast of Extraordinary Circumstances by Ruth Emmie Lang
The Particular Sadness of Lemon Cake by Aimee Bender
11. In his essay, “Imaginary Homelands”,
Rushdie reflects the views of Jameson
and Tonkin, saying that: History is
always ambiguous. Facts are hard to
establish, and capable of being given
many meanings. Reality is built on
prejudices, misconceptions and
ignorance as well as on our
perceptiveness and knowledge.
12. On the other hand, in the novel, Midnight’s
Children, Rushdie uses the narrative style of
magic realism in which myth and fantasy are
blended with real life. He uses the narrative
technique of magic realism to blur the
distinction between fantasy and reality. He
gives an equal acceptance for the ordinary
and the extraordinary. He uses lyrical and
fantastic writing with an examination of the
character of human existence and an implicit
criticism of society, particularly the elite.
Anyway, Rushdie can be considered as a
writer who plays with the narrative technique
of magic realism. He has achieved every right
to be called one of the greatest magic realists
ever.
Similarities and Differences
Shakespeare’s treatment of magic power-
cum-reality in the play, The Tempest is to
be separated from
his use of magic art in certain other plays.
The magic elements begins in this play act
not of their own free will, but in obedience
to the will of a human being.
Moreover, supernatural beings represent
not the principle of evil, but the principle of
good.
Prospero’s magic realism is benevolent
and beneficent. This magic power is to be
distinguished from the evil art of Sycorax
who ruled over Ariel and other
Spirits on the Island.
13. Both Shakespeare and Rushdie would like to focus on the perfect picture of magic
realism through creating the characters, like Prospero, Caliban, Ariel, and Saleem Sinai
as impacted in the literary texts, The Tempest and Midnight’s Children. They also would
like to show the elements of magical realism, supernatural, fantasy, real and unreal,
mystery, and imagination of 16th century England and 20th century Indian
Subcontinent, respectively. These two texts bear the testimony of a perfect image of
magic reality of the two authors’ respective social system of the age. Prospero, with
the help of magic power, has captured his islanders. On the other hand, Saleem Sinai
has fostered a real picture of social, political, and a birth of a new nation through his
magic power
14. Works Cited
Hossain, Amir. “Studies in Linguistics and Literature ISSN 2573-6434 (Print) ISSN
2573-6426 (Online) Vol. 2, No. 2, 2018 www.scholink.or Magic Realism in
Shakespeare’s The Tempest and Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children.” 10 5 2018,
http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v2n2p63.
Rushdie, Salman. “Magical Realism: Definition and Examples in Literature.” Example
Articles & Resources, https://examples.yourdictionary.com/magical-realism-
definition-and-examples-in-literature.html. Accessed 3 October 2022.
“What Is Magical Realism? Definition and Examples of Magical Realism in Literature,
Plus 7 Magical Realism Novels You Should Read - 2022.” MasterClass, 23 August
2021, https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-magical-realism.
Accessed 3 October 2022.
