International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Indirect Control of a Doubly-Fed Induction Machine for Wind Energy ConversionIAES-IJPEDS
In this paper, a grid connected wind power generation scheme using a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is studied. The aims of this paper are: The modelling and simulation of the operating in two quadrants (torque-speed) of a DFIG, the analysis employs a stator flux vector control algorithm to control rotor current, the system enables optimal speed tracking for maximum energy capture from the wind and high performance active and reactive power regulation using the PI regulator. The simulation calculations were achieved ®®
using MATLAB -SIMULINK package. Lastly, the obtained results are presented, for different operating points, illustrating the good control performances of the system
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Modeling of Wind Energy on Isolated AreaIJPEDS-IAES
In this paper, a model of the wind turbine (WT) with permanent magnet generator (PMSG) and its associated controllers is presented. The increase of wind power penetration in power systems has meant that conventional power plants are gradually being replaced by wind farms. In fact, today wind farms are required to actively participate in power system operation in the same way as conventional power plants. In fact, power system operators have revised the grid connection requirements for wind turbines and wind farms and now demand that these installations be able to carry out more or less the same control tasks as conventional power plants. For dynamic power system simulations, the PMSG wind turbine model includes an aerodynamic rotor model, a lumped mass representation of the drive train system and generator model. In this paper we propose a model with an implementation in MATLAB / Simulink, each of the system components off-grid small wind turbines.
Wind Turbine Generator Tied To Grid Using Inverter Techniques and Its DesignsIJSRD
This paper proposes a method of using small sizes WTG of 300W low capacity turbine in small grid channel with inverter techniques. Power can be fed directly to grid by improving durability and eliminating battery usage, using WTG inverter technique. The proposed wind tied with grid by PMG includes boost converter and three phase inverter. For tracking wind speed with variations of wind power MPPT method is used. Interleaving technique is adopted for different frequency variables to improve power capacity. Final result proves WTG helps in improving wind power application as shown in simulation result.
Advanced Control of Wind Electric Pumping System for Isolated Areas ApplicationIAES-IJPEDS
The supply water in remote areas of windy region is one of most attractive application of wind energy conversion. This paper proposes an advanced controller suitable for wind-electric pump in isolated applications in order to have a desired debit from variation of reference speed of the pump also the control scheme of DC voltage of SIEG for feed the pump are presented under step change in wind speed. The simulation results showed a good performance of the global proposed control system.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Indirect Control of a Doubly-Fed Induction Machine for Wind Energy ConversionIAES-IJPEDS
In this paper, a grid connected wind power generation scheme using a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is studied. The aims of this paper are: The modelling and simulation of the operating in two quadrants (torque-speed) of a DFIG, the analysis employs a stator flux vector control algorithm to control rotor current, the system enables optimal speed tracking for maximum energy capture from the wind and high performance active and reactive power regulation using the PI regulator. The simulation calculations were achieved ®®
using MATLAB -SIMULINK package. Lastly, the obtained results are presented, for different operating points, illustrating the good control performances of the system
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Modeling of Wind Energy on Isolated AreaIJPEDS-IAES
In this paper, a model of the wind turbine (WT) with permanent magnet generator (PMSG) and its associated controllers is presented. The increase of wind power penetration in power systems has meant that conventional power plants are gradually being replaced by wind farms. In fact, today wind farms are required to actively participate in power system operation in the same way as conventional power plants. In fact, power system operators have revised the grid connection requirements for wind turbines and wind farms and now demand that these installations be able to carry out more or less the same control tasks as conventional power plants. For dynamic power system simulations, the PMSG wind turbine model includes an aerodynamic rotor model, a lumped mass representation of the drive train system and generator model. In this paper we propose a model with an implementation in MATLAB / Simulink, each of the system components off-grid small wind turbines.
Wind Turbine Generator Tied To Grid Using Inverter Techniques and Its DesignsIJSRD
This paper proposes a method of using small sizes WTG of 300W low capacity turbine in small grid channel with inverter techniques. Power can be fed directly to grid by improving durability and eliminating battery usage, using WTG inverter technique. The proposed wind tied with grid by PMG includes boost converter and three phase inverter. For tracking wind speed with variations of wind power MPPT method is used. Interleaving technique is adopted for different frequency variables to improve power capacity. Final result proves WTG helps in improving wind power application as shown in simulation result.
Advanced Control of Wind Electric Pumping System for Isolated Areas ApplicationIAES-IJPEDS
The supply water in remote areas of windy region is one of most attractive application of wind energy conversion. This paper proposes an advanced controller suitable for wind-electric pump in isolated applications in order to have a desired debit from variation of reference speed of the pump also the control scheme of DC voltage of SIEG for feed the pump are presented under step change in wind speed. The simulation results showed a good performance of the global proposed control system.
Grid-Connection Control and Simulation of PMSG Wind Power System Based on Mul...ijsrd.com
This dissertation proposes a wind energy conversion system is composed of a wind turbine PMSG, a rectifier, and an inverter. The wind turbine PMSG transforms the mechanical power from the wind into the electrical power, while the rectifier converts the AC power into DC power and controls the speed of the PMSG. The controllable inverter helps in converting the DC power to variable frequency and magnitude AC power. With the voltage oriented control, the inverter also possesses the ability to control the active and reactive powers injected into the grid. Multilevel inerter is used to step up the voltage and to reduce the THD. Here nine level and eleven level inverter are used and the voltage increases and THD reduces from 12.87 % to 7.46 %. Active and reactive power is controlled dc stabilization and the reactive power is near to unity Here PI controller is used to control the inverter output rms voltage and LC filter is used to remove the harmonics available in the system.
To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTA...ijtsrd
This project illustrates the execution of a three stage delivery static compensator DSTATCOM by using a back propagation BP control algorithm for its capacities, such as load balancing and zero voltage management of reactive power compensation under non linear loads. We use BP based control algorithm to obtain the critical dynamic weight estimate here. And the BP based control algorithm is often used for estimating the receptive power portions of the load streams necessary for estimating the reference source streams. Regulation of power efficiency devices through neural networks is the new area of study in the field of power engineering. The extraction of the harmonic components defines the output of the balancing instruments. Here we use DSTATCOM and UPFC as balancing instruments. A DSTATCOM model is developed using a computerized signal processor and its implementation is focused on various working conditions. The execution of DSTATCOM is found to be suitable for various kinds of burdens with the proposed control algorithm. The BP based control algorithm is used to derive the fundamental weighted value of the active and reactive power components of the load present. Back propagation algorithm trained by the sample will detect the power quality signal issue in real time. Continuity, differentiability, non decreasing momotomy are the key features of this algorithm. The process of UPFC is close to that of DSTATCOM, although the only difference is that it does not have the device shut down in worse circumstances. The simulation model is developed with ANFIS and its output is studied under different operating conditions. The output of ANFIS is found to be satisfactory with the proposed control algorithm for different types of loads. The suggested method shall be checked by the results of MATLAB Simulink. Rohit Mishra | Ashish Bhargava "To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTATCOM with ANN (Back Propagation Algorithm)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47521.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/47521/to-study-analysis-and-implementation-of-power-quality-improvement-using-dstatcom-with-ann-back-propagation-algorithm/rohit-mishra
STATCOM Based Wind Energy System by using Hybrid Fuzzy Logic ControllerIJMTST Journal
The influence of the hybrid system in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are the active power, reactive power, voltage deviation, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to International Electro-Technical Commission (IEC). The STATCOM provides reactive power support to hybrid system and load. These voltage fluctuations can be eliminated with the help of advanced reactive power compensator device such as SVC and STATCOM. This work focus on design, modeling and analysis of FACTS device in wind farm interconnected with grid during fault. These devices can be controlled by Synchronous Reference Frame theory. The performance is analyzed with the help of PI controller and Fuzzy logic technique. by using Matlab/Simulink Model.
Intelligent Control for Doubly Fed Induction Generator Connected to the Elect...IJPEDS-IAES
In this paper we are interested in optimizing the wind power capture, using the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG). This machine is preferred to other types of variable speed generator because of their advantages in economic terms and control. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based on Direct Torque Control (DTC) which is used to control the electromagnetic torque in order to extract the maximum power. The main objective of this intelligent technique is to replace the conventional switching table by a voltage selector based on (ANN) to reduce torque and flux ripples. Moreover, the fuzzy logic controller is used to grid side converter to keep DC link voltage constant, and also to achieve unity power factor operation. The main advantage of the two control strategies proposed in this paper is that they are not influenced by the variation of the machine parameter. The pitch control is also presented to limit the generator power at its rated value. Simulation results of 1,5 MW, for (DFIG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) confirm the effectiveness and the performance of the global proposed approaches.
A Simple Control Strategy for Boost Converter Based Wind and Solar Hybrid Ene...IJRES Journal
This paper deals about the improvement of output from hybrid (Wind and PV) system through the maximum power point technique (MPPT). Though various power tracking techniques are available, Constant Voltage method is simple and effective way to track the maximum power. In this method output voltage is compared with the maximum voltage and based on the comparison gate signal is generated to the boost converter switch. Two boost converters are used individually for PV and Wind system. The whole system is modeled by using the Matlab/Simulink Model.
Improving Electrical Power Grid of Jordan and Control the Voltage of Wind Tur...IJAPEJOURNAL
In this paper, we improved the national grid of Jordan country by adding a renewable resources specifically a wind turbines generation unites distributed on different places in Jordan to compensate the losses of the power in Jordan and to dispense with using the generation of fuel and gas by representing the national grid of Jordan in ETAB simulator and we solved the voltage problems of wind turbines using a new mythology using smart grid techniques
DFIG control of WECS using indirect matrix converter Kuldeep Behera
The connection and operation of wind power plants produce some problems that are rising partly owing to large changeability of environment conditions, influencing the electrical energy supply from these sources. To be possible to study phenomena that are connected with wind power plants and impacts of their operation on the operation of distribution and transmission systems, it is necessary to do such as in other branches, different computer simulations. A grid connected wind power generation scheme using doubly fed induction generator is studied. The aim is modelling and simulation of DFIG operating in two quadrants (torque-speed) by a suitable control technique to control the rotor current. This method will also replace the conventional converter by Indirect Matrix Converter.
Wind Energy Conversion System Using PMSG with T-Source Three Phase Matrix Con...IJTET Journal
This paper presents an analysis of a PMSG wind power system using T-Sourcethree phase matrix converter. PMSG using T-Source three phase matrix converterhas advantages that it can provide any desired AC output voltage regardless of DC input with regulation in shoot-through time. In this control system T-Source capacitor voltage can be kept stable with variations in the shoot-through time, maximum power from the wind turbine to be delivered. Inaddition, of a new future, the converter employs a safe-commutation strategy toconduct along a continuous current flow, which results in theelimination of voltage spikes on switches without the need for a snubber circuit. With the use of matrix converter the surely need forrectifier circuit and passive components to store energy arereduced. The MATLAB/Simulinkmodel of the overall system is carried out and theoretical wind energy conversion output load voltage calculations are madeand feasibility of the new topology has been verified and that theconverter can produce an output voltage and output current. This proposed method has greater efficiency and lower cost.
A Review on Various Topologies of Generators, Power Converters and Control Sc...ijtsrd
In the field of renewable energy, conversion of wind energy has become a point of major interest to the researcher. Converters are no more a small part of the wind energy system WES due to the development of generators in the WES and advancement in applications of power electronics in the WES. This paper presents a review of different topologies of converts used in the extraction of energy from wind using various generators and their combination with different converter topologies. Control scheme complexity, cost, the power consumed, and efficiency are the points considered for the comparison of converters-generator combination schemes. Tanuj Jhankal "A Review on Various Topologies of Generators, Power Converters and Control Schemes in Wind Energy Systems" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47510.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/47510/a-review-on-various-topologies-of-generators-power-converters-and-control-schemes-in-wind-energy-systems/tanuj-jhankal
Study of Wind Turbine based Variable Reluctance Generator using Hybrid FEMM-M...Yayah Zakaria
Based on exhaustive review of the state of the art of the electric generators fitted to Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS), this study is focused on an innovative machine that is a Variable Reluctance Generator (VRG). Indeed, its simple and rugged structure (low cost), its high torque at low speed (gearless), its fault-tolerance (lowest maintenance), allow it to be a potential candidate for a small wind power application at variable wind
speed. For better accuracy, a finite element model of a studied doubly salient VRG is developed using open source software FEMM to identify the electromagnetic characteristics such as linkage flux, torque or inductance versus rotor position and stator excitation. The obtained data are then transferred into look-up tables of MATLAB/Simulink to perform various simulations. Performance of the proposed wind power system is analyzed for several parameters and results are discussed.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Performance analysis of various parameters by comparison of conventional pitc...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper deals with a variable speed wind turbine coupled with a permanent magnet synchronous generator connected through a two mass drive train. This drive train is connected to synchronous generator and after the conversion process finally connected to grid and the idea of transmission over a long distance makes the use of converter necessary and at the receiving end. The inverter is used to convert it back and the inverter is designed with a proper gate signal to get the best output three phase voltages. The fuzzy logic controller is used to track generator speed with varying wind speed to optimize turbine aerodynamic efficiency in the outer speed loop. Pitch angle control of wind turbine has been used widely to reduce torque and output power variation in high rated wind speed areas .The machine side converter is designed to extract maximum power from the wind. In this work a WECS connected with grid is designed in Matlab and a Fuzzy controller is designed to improve the output and we can see the major difference in DC link voltage and reactive power in transmission line. From the outputs we can also go through the reactive power issue which system is best for inductive load or capacitive load. The simple PI system is good for capacitive load and the fuzzy system is better option for the inductive load. The results of both the system of normal controller and fuzzy controller is compared and analyzed. Key Words: Fuzzy logic controller (FLC), permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) , Pulse width modulation (PWM), Wind energy conversion system, DC link capacitor. FACTS Flexible A.C Transmission system, PI proportional integral
Performance analysis of various parameters by comparison of conventional pitc...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Improvement of Wind farm with PMSG using STATCOMIJPEDS-IAES
This paper studies about the dynamic performance of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator with Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) for Wind farm integration. A whole dynamic model of wind energy conversion system (WECS) with PMSG and STATCOM are established in a MATLAB environment. With this model the dynamic behaviour of the generator and the overall system has been studied to determine the performance of them with and without STATCOM. Final results portrays that the WECS based PMSG with STATCOM improves the transient response of the wind farm when the system is in fault.
Design an electric vehicle using PV array with five phase permanent magnet sy...ijtsrd
The purpose of this project is to design an Electrical vehicle with help renewable energy source which can carry the lab equipment, books and other goods from one building to other building of AL FALAH UNIVERSITY also student as well as professors can go easily from one building to other building of AL FALAH UNIVERSITY. This paper gives a review of the electric vehicle technology that focuses on the types of drives and the control of speed of five phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. This paper highlights the characteristics, performance measure, requirements and the operational procedure of the electric vehicle drives and control. Dhirender Kumar | Ameen Uddin Ahmad "Design an electric vehicle using PV array with five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor." Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29173.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29173/design-an-electric-vehicle-using-pv-array-with-five-phase-permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor/dhirender-kumar
Wind-Driven SEIG Systems: A Comparison StudyCSCJournals
Wind energy is one of the fastest growing renewable energies in the world. This is because it has a much lower environmental impact than conventional energy. In addition, it is one of the lowest-priced renewable energy technologies.
Due to wind speed variation, induction generators are the best choice for such applications. However, they have poor voltage and frequency regulation against wind speed or load variations.
For its operation, the induction generator needs a reasonable amount of reactive power. In stand-alone applications, the reactive power could be supplied to the induction generator by a bank of capacitors as implemented here.
In this paper, simulation of wind turbine driven self excited induction generator (SEIG) has been carried out. Three methods of voltage and frequency regulation have been presented, simulated and analyzed.
The aim of this paper is to compare the three methods from many aspects highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each one.
Independent Control Of Active And Reactive Powers From DFIG By Logic FuzzyIJRES Journal
This paper presents the study and use by simulating the fuzzy logic control of asynchronous
generator dual fuel in the production of electrical energy that the .for I prepared a study of the wind system and
a model of the wind turbine was established by following the study and modeling of doubly fed asynchronous.
Two types of vector control have been the subject of study in this work for independent control of active and
reactive power: the direct and indirect control .la fuzzy PI control is introduced to increase the robustness of
markers vis-à-screw parametric variation of the machine in the simulation results obtained were compared to the
validated work articles cited in the bibliography.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Simulation of generalized hybrid model for solar and wind power generationIJERA Editor
Due to urbanization, globalization and industrialization the demand for energy is rapidly increasing allows the world and India is not an exception. Out of all energies electrical energy is playing a major role in developed as well as developing countries. The energy is mostly produced by fossil fuels which are developing day his is to by day .they also produce lot of pollutants which totally damage the environment the alternative to this is to encourage renewable energy source. Now days the energy production at domestic level is becoming popular with the help of solar and wind energies . These technologies are widely used now days in the present paper an attempt has been made to simulate a generalized hybrid model including solar and wind.
Grid-Connection Control and Simulation of PMSG Wind Power System Based on Mul...ijsrd.com
This dissertation proposes a wind energy conversion system is composed of a wind turbine PMSG, a rectifier, and an inverter. The wind turbine PMSG transforms the mechanical power from the wind into the electrical power, while the rectifier converts the AC power into DC power and controls the speed of the PMSG. The controllable inverter helps in converting the DC power to variable frequency and magnitude AC power. With the voltage oriented control, the inverter also possesses the ability to control the active and reactive powers injected into the grid. Multilevel inerter is used to step up the voltage and to reduce the THD. Here nine level and eleven level inverter are used and the voltage increases and THD reduces from 12.87 % to 7.46 %. Active and reactive power is controlled dc stabilization and the reactive power is near to unity Here PI controller is used to control the inverter output rms voltage and LC filter is used to remove the harmonics available in the system.
To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTA...ijtsrd
This project illustrates the execution of a three stage delivery static compensator DSTATCOM by using a back propagation BP control algorithm for its capacities, such as load balancing and zero voltage management of reactive power compensation under non linear loads. We use BP based control algorithm to obtain the critical dynamic weight estimate here. And the BP based control algorithm is often used for estimating the receptive power portions of the load streams necessary for estimating the reference source streams. Regulation of power efficiency devices through neural networks is the new area of study in the field of power engineering. The extraction of the harmonic components defines the output of the balancing instruments. Here we use DSTATCOM and UPFC as balancing instruments. A DSTATCOM model is developed using a computerized signal processor and its implementation is focused on various working conditions. The execution of DSTATCOM is found to be suitable for various kinds of burdens with the proposed control algorithm. The BP based control algorithm is used to derive the fundamental weighted value of the active and reactive power components of the load present. Back propagation algorithm trained by the sample will detect the power quality signal issue in real time. Continuity, differentiability, non decreasing momotomy are the key features of this algorithm. The process of UPFC is close to that of DSTATCOM, although the only difference is that it does not have the device shut down in worse circumstances. The simulation model is developed with ANFIS and its output is studied under different operating conditions. The output of ANFIS is found to be satisfactory with the proposed control algorithm for different types of loads. The suggested method shall be checked by the results of MATLAB Simulink. Rohit Mishra | Ashish Bhargava "To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTATCOM with ANN (Back Propagation Algorithm)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47521.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/47521/to-study-analysis-and-implementation-of-power-quality-improvement-using-dstatcom-with-ann-back-propagation-algorithm/rohit-mishra
STATCOM Based Wind Energy System by using Hybrid Fuzzy Logic ControllerIJMTST Journal
The influence of the hybrid system in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are the active power, reactive power, voltage deviation, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to International Electro-Technical Commission (IEC). The STATCOM provides reactive power support to hybrid system and load. These voltage fluctuations can be eliminated with the help of advanced reactive power compensator device such as SVC and STATCOM. This work focus on design, modeling and analysis of FACTS device in wind farm interconnected with grid during fault. These devices can be controlled by Synchronous Reference Frame theory. The performance is analyzed with the help of PI controller and Fuzzy logic technique. by using Matlab/Simulink Model.
Intelligent Control for Doubly Fed Induction Generator Connected to the Elect...IJPEDS-IAES
In this paper we are interested in optimizing the wind power capture, using the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG). This machine is preferred to other types of variable speed generator because of their advantages in economic terms and control. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based on Direct Torque Control (DTC) which is used to control the electromagnetic torque in order to extract the maximum power. The main objective of this intelligent technique is to replace the conventional switching table by a voltage selector based on (ANN) to reduce torque and flux ripples. Moreover, the fuzzy logic controller is used to grid side converter to keep DC link voltage constant, and also to achieve unity power factor operation. The main advantage of the two control strategies proposed in this paper is that they are not influenced by the variation of the machine parameter. The pitch control is also presented to limit the generator power at its rated value. Simulation results of 1,5 MW, for (DFIG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) confirm the effectiveness and the performance of the global proposed approaches.
A Simple Control Strategy for Boost Converter Based Wind and Solar Hybrid Ene...IJRES Journal
This paper deals about the improvement of output from hybrid (Wind and PV) system through the maximum power point technique (MPPT). Though various power tracking techniques are available, Constant Voltage method is simple and effective way to track the maximum power. In this method output voltage is compared with the maximum voltage and based on the comparison gate signal is generated to the boost converter switch. Two boost converters are used individually for PV and Wind system. The whole system is modeled by using the Matlab/Simulink Model.
Improving Electrical Power Grid of Jordan and Control the Voltage of Wind Tur...IJAPEJOURNAL
In this paper, we improved the national grid of Jordan country by adding a renewable resources specifically a wind turbines generation unites distributed on different places in Jordan to compensate the losses of the power in Jordan and to dispense with using the generation of fuel and gas by representing the national grid of Jordan in ETAB simulator and we solved the voltage problems of wind turbines using a new mythology using smart grid techniques
DFIG control of WECS using indirect matrix converter Kuldeep Behera
The connection and operation of wind power plants produce some problems that are rising partly owing to large changeability of environment conditions, influencing the electrical energy supply from these sources. To be possible to study phenomena that are connected with wind power plants and impacts of their operation on the operation of distribution and transmission systems, it is necessary to do such as in other branches, different computer simulations. A grid connected wind power generation scheme using doubly fed induction generator is studied. The aim is modelling and simulation of DFIG operating in two quadrants (torque-speed) by a suitable control technique to control the rotor current. This method will also replace the conventional converter by Indirect Matrix Converter.
Wind Energy Conversion System Using PMSG with T-Source Three Phase Matrix Con...IJTET Journal
This paper presents an analysis of a PMSG wind power system using T-Sourcethree phase matrix converter. PMSG using T-Source three phase matrix converterhas advantages that it can provide any desired AC output voltage regardless of DC input with regulation in shoot-through time. In this control system T-Source capacitor voltage can be kept stable with variations in the shoot-through time, maximum power from the wind turbine to be delivered. Inaddition, of a new future, the converter employs a safe-commutation strategy toconduct along a continuous current flow, which results in theelimination of voltage spikes on switches without the need for a snubber circuit. With the use of matrix converter the surely need forrectifier circuit and passive components to store energy arereduced. The MATLAB/Simulinkmodel of the overall system is carried out and theoretical wind energy conversion output load voltage calculations are madeand feasibility of the new topology has been verified and that theconverter can produce an output voltage and output current. This proposed method has greater efficiency and lower cost.
A Review on Various Topologies of Generators, Power Converters and Control Sc...ijtsrd
In the field of renewable energy, conversion of wind energy has become a point of major interest to the researcher. Converters are no more a small part of the wind energy system WES due to the development of generators in the WES and advancement in applications of power electronics in the WES. This paper presents a review of different topologies of converts used in the extraction of energy from wind using various generators and their combination with different converter topologies. Control scheme complexity, cost, the power consumed, and efficiency are the points considered for the comparison of converters-generator combination schemes. Tanuj Jhankal "A Review on Various Topologies of Generators, Power Converters and Control Schemes in Wind Energy Systems" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47510.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/47510/a-review-on-various-topologies-of-generators-power-converters-and-control-schemes-in-wind-energy-systems/tanuj-jhankal
Study of Wind Turbine based Variable Reluctance Generator using Hybrid FEMM-M...Yayah Zakaria
Based on exhaustive review of the state of the art of the electric generators fitted to Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS), this study is focused on an innovative machine that is a Variable Reluctance Generator (VRG). Indeed, its simple and rugged structure (low cost), its high torque at low speed (gearless), its fault-tolerance (lowest maintenance), allow it to be a potential candidate for a small wind power application at variable wind
speed. For better accuracy, a finite element model of a studied doubly salient VRG is developed using open source software FEMM to identify the electromagnetic characteristics such as linkage flux, torque or inductance versus rotor position and stator excitation. The obtained data are then transferred into look-up tables of MATLAB/Simulink to perform various simulations. Performance of the proposed wind power system is analyzed for several parameters and results are discussed.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Performance analysis of various parameters by comparison of conventional pitc...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper deals with a variable speed wind turbine coupled with a permanent magnet synchronous generator connected through a two mass drive train. This drive train is connected to synchronous generator and after the conversion process finally connected to grid and the idea of transmission over a long distance makes the use of converter necessary and at the receiving end. The inverter is used to convert it back and the inverter is designed with a proper gate signal to get the best output three phase voltages. The fuzzy logic controller is used to track generator speed with varying wind speed to optimize turbine aerodynamic efficiency in the outer speed loop. Pitch angle control of wind turbine has been used widely to reduce torque and output power variation in high rated wind speed areas .The machine side converter is designed to extract maximum power from the wind. In this work a WECS connected with grid is designed in Matlab and a Fuzzy controller is designed to improve the output and we can see the major difference in DC link voltage and reactive power in transmission line. From the outputs we can also go through the reactive power issue which system is best for inductive load or capacitive load. The simple PI system is good for capacitive load and the fuzzy system is better option for the inductive load. The results of both the system of normal controller and fuzzy controller is compared and analyzed. Key Words: Fuzzy logic controller (FLC), permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) , Pulse width modulation (PWM), Wind energy conversion system, DC link capacitor. FACTS Flexible A.C Transmission system, PI proportional integral
Performance analysis of various parameters by comparison of conventional pitc...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Improvement of Wind farm with PMSG using STATCOMIJPEDS-IAES
This paper studies about the dynamic performance of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator with Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) for Wind farm integration. A whole dynamic model of wind energy conversion system (WECS) with PMSG and STATCOM are established in a MATLAB environment. With this model the dynamic behaviour of the generator and the overall system has been studied to determine the performance of them with and without STATCOM. Final results portrays that the WECS based PMSG with STATCOM improves the transient response of the wind farm when the system is in fault.
Design an electric vehicle using PV array with five phase permanent magnet sy...ijtsrd
The purpose of this project is to design an Electrical vehicle with help renewable energy source which can carry the lab equipment, books and other goods from one building to other building of AL FALAH UNIVERSITY also student as well as professors can go easily from one building to other building of AL FALAH UNIVERSITY. This paper gives a review of the electric vehicle technology that focuses on the types of drives and the control of speed of five phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. This paper highlights the characteristics, performance measure, requirements and the operational procedure of the electric vehicle drives and control. Dhirender Kumar | Ameen Uddin Ahmad "Design an electric vehicle using PV array with five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor." Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29173.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29173/design-an-electric-vehicle-using-pv-array-with-five-phase-permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor/dhirender-kumar
Wind-Driven SEIG Systems: A Comparison StudyCSCJournals
Wind energy is one of the fastest growing renewable energies in the world. This is because it has a much lower environmental impact than conventional energy. In addition, it is one of the lowest-priced renewable energy technologies.
Due to wind speed variation, induction generators are the best choice for such applications. However, they have poor voltage and frequency regulation against wind speed or load variations.
For its operation, the induction generator needs a reasonable amount of reactive power. In stand-alone applications, the reactive power could be supplied to the induction generator by a bank of capacitors as implemented here.
In this paper, simulation of wind turbine driven self excited induction generator (SEIG) has been carried out. Three methods of voltage and frequency regulation have been presented, simulated and analyzed.
The aim of this paper is to compare the three methods from many aspects highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each one.
Independent Control Of Active And Reactive Powers From DFIG By Logic FuzzyIJRES Journal
This paper presents the study and use by simulating the fuzzy logic control of asynchronous
generator dual fuel in the production of electrical energy that the .for I prepared a study of the wind system and
a model of the wind turbine was established by following the study and modeling of doubly fed asynchronous.
Two types of vector control have been the subject of study in this work for independent control of active and
reactive power: the direct and indirect control .la fuzzy PI control is introduced to increase the robustness of
markers vis-à-screw parametric variation of the machine in the simulation results obtained were compared to the
validated work articles cited in the bibliography.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Simulation of generalized hybrid model for solar and wind power generationIJERA Editor
Due to urbanization, globalization and industrialization the demand for energy is rapidly increasing allows the world and India is not an exception. Out of all energies electrical energy is playing a major role in developed as well as developing countries. The energy is mostly produced by fossil fuels which are developing day his is to by day .they also produce lot of pollutants which totally damage the environment the alternative to this is to encourage renewable energy source. Now days the energy production at domestic level is becoming popular with the help of solar and wind energies . These technologies are widely used now days in the present paper an attempt has been made to simulate a generalized hybrid model including solar and wind.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
Operational performance of a PV generator feeding DC shunt and induction moto...IJECEIAES
This paper presented the transient and operational behavior of a parallel Combination of DC Shunt Motor and IM fed by a photovoltaic generator at different solar irradiance levels. The maximum power point of current/voltage (I/V) characteristic of the PV generator was achieved for different solar intensities, by utilizing an open circuit voltage method. The nonlinear operational behavior of (I/V) characteristics of the PV generator at various solar intensities and the magnetization curve of the ferromagnetic material of the DC shunt motor were both modeled by high order polynomial mathematical expressions. The study investigated the response of the system at different solar irradiance levels and changing the torque loads for both motors and then following step change in solar intensity levels with fixed loading torques for both motors. All numerical simulations were executed using MATLAB software.
Simulation of MPPT Algorithm Based Hybrid Wind-Solar-Fuel Cell Energy SystemIJMER
This paper presents a new system configuration of the front-end rectifier stage for a hybrid
wind/photovoltaic energy system. This configuration allows the two sources to supply the load
separately or simultaneously depending on the availability of the energy sources. The inherent nature of
this Cuk-SEPIC fused converter, additional input filters are not necessary to filter out high frequency
harmonics. Harmonic content is detrimental for the generator lifespan, heating issues, and efficiency.
The fused multiinput rectifier stage also allows Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to be used to
extract maximum power from the wind and sun when it is available. An adaptive MPPT algorithm will
be used for the wind system and a standard perturb and observe method will be used for the PV system.
Operational analysis of the proposed system will be discussed in this paper. Simulation results are given
to highlight the merits of the proposed circuit.
Sensor-less DC-Voltage Control for Grid-Connected InvertersIJAEMSJORNAL
Three-phase grid-connected inverters using solar energy are applied very popular with large capacity. These inverters usually have input power sources in the direct current (DC) that varies according to the weather conditions. The DC voltage often needs to boost up the higher voltage level to be in accordance with the output voltage of inverters. Then, the output voltage of the DC/DC boost converter is in the form of DC voltage. In order to measure this DC value in the two-stage inverters, the existing methods usually use isolated voltage sensors. This paper presents a strategy for estimating the DC voltage value of inverters without using sensors in order to reduce cost and volume for inverters. The proposed method contributes to decreasing the price of inverters while ensuring the power quality of inverter outputs. The simulated results on MATLAB/Simulink have validated the performance of the presented solution.
Wind Energy Conversion Based On Matrix ConverterIAES-IJPEDS
In recent years renewable sources such as solar, wave and wind are used for the generation of electricity. Wind is one of the major renewable sources. The amount of energy from a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) depends not only on the wind at the site, but also on the control strategy used for the WECS. In assistance to get the appropriate wind energy from the conversion system, wind turbine generator will be run in variable speed mode. The variable speed capability is achieved through the use of an advanced power electronic converter. Fixed speed wind turbines and induction generators are often used in wind farms. But the limitations of such generators are low efficiency and poor power quality which necessitates the variable speed wind turbine generators such as Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) and Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG). A high-performance configuration can be obtained by using a PMSG and a converter in combination AC-DC-AC connect between stator & rotor points for providing the required variable speed operation.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
simulation and implementation of a spwm inverter pulse for educational purposesEleftheriosSamiotis1
This paper aims to develop and implement an educational kit for a Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) inverter pulse generator circuit, which can be used to educate Electronics Engineering undergraduate students the structure and behavior of a SPWM’s inverter pulse generator. The developed electronic circuit is simulated and implemented using low cost and reliable electronic parts. The concept is to offer under/postgraduate students the opportunity to deeply understand how a SPWM pulse generator works, by virtually and practically experimenting with the pulse generator itself creating the necessary models in the popular platform of MULTISIM (Simulation Tool of National Instruments) and designing/constructing the respective PCB circuits in the also popular platform of ULTIBOARD (Circuit Design Tool of National Instruments). This work is also useful for engineers who deal with operation and maintenance (O&M) of inverters, because it provides a deeper knowledge and understanding of all operational characteristics of every stage of the SPWM electronic pulse generator of an inverter
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, i...IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
14 9737 lightning paper id 0005 edit septianIAESIJEECS
Study the impacts of lightning-induced transient overvoltage on a hybrid PV-Wind system has been addressed in this work. Overvoltage that is generated due to lightning stroke travels along the system where it can be very harmful to the expensive equipment of the system such as PV models, inverters, charge controllers, batteries, transformers, and generator etc. The simulation model of a system has been completed by using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The system comprises of 2 MW PV farm, battery system, 2.1 MW wind farm and loads which are all connected to the common AC bus and then to the utility grid through an interfacing transformer. Lightning current is generated by using the double exponential function, from the simulation results, when the lightning current is injected to the AC and DC sides of PV system, the transient current and voltage have appeared at different points of the hybrid system. The results were obtained for 8/20 μs and 10/350 μs standards lightning waveforms with current magnitude of 100 kA.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Optimizing of the installed capacity of hybrid renewable energy with a modifi...IJECEIAES
The lack of wind speed capacity and the emission of photons from sunlight are the problem in a hybrid system of photovoltaic (PV) panels and wind turbines. To overcome this shortcoming, the incremental conductance (IC) algorithm is applied that could control the converter work cycle and the switching of the buck boost therefore maximum efficiency of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is reached. The operation of the PV-wind hybrid system, consisting of a 100 W PV array device and a 400 W wind subsystem, 12 V/100 Ah battery energy storage and LED, the PV-wind system requires a hybrid controller for battery charging and usage and load lamp and it’s conducted in experimental setup. The experimental has shown that an average increase in power generated was 38.8% compared to a single system of PV panels or a single wind turbine sub-system. Therefore, the potential opportunities for increasing power production in the tropics wheather could be carried out and applied with this model.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
M347781
1. N.Sivakumar, Dr.A.Sumathi / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. 77-81
77 | P a g e
Control of Hybrid System Using Multi-Input Inverter and
Maximum Power Point Tracking
N.Sivakumar, Dr.A.Sumathi
(Dept., of Electrical and Electronics Engg, Jayalakshmi Institute of Technology, Thoppur-636352, India)
(Dept., of Electronics and Communication Engg, Adhiyamaan College of Engineering, Hosur-635109, India)
ABSTRACT
The objective of this paper is to control
the Wind/PV hybrid system using Multi-input
inverter to get constant output power for
different operating conditions. The MPPT also
used in this system to get the maximum peak
power to the load. The perturbation observation
(P&O) method is used to accomplish the
maximum power point tracking algorithm for
input sources. The operating principle of the
open loop and closed loop circuit of multi-input
inverter is discussed.
Keywords -Inverter, photovoltaic (PV), MPPT,wind
energy.
I. Introduction
The photovoltaic (PV) power and wind
energy applications have been increased
significantly due to the rapid growth of power
electronics techniques [1]–[3]. Generally, PV power
and wind power are complementary since sunny
days are usually calm and strong winds are often
occurred at cloudy days or at night time. Hence, the
hybrid PV/wind power system has higher reliability
to deliver continuous power than individual source
[4], [5].But the size and components are made the
system to complex and high cost.
Usually, two separate inverters for the PV
array and the wind turbine are used for the hybrid
PV/wind power system [7]. But here the multi-input
inverter is combining with renewable energy sources
in the dc end instead of the ac end. It can simplify
the hybrid PV/wind power system to reduce the cost.
This system is used to get maximum constant power
from hybrid system.
The multi-input inverter has the following
advantages:
1) Power from the PV array or the wind turbine can
be delivered to the utility grid individually or
simultaneously. 2) Maximum power point tracking
(MPPT) feature can be realized for both solar and
wind energy and 3) a large range of input voltage
variation caused by different insolation and wind
speed is acceptable.
II. Multi-Input Inverter
The schematic diagram of the proposed
multi-input inverter is shown in Fig. 1. It consists of
a buck/buck-boost fused multi-input dc–dc converter
and a full-bridge dc/ac inverter. The input dc voltage
sources, Vpv and Vwind are obtained from the PV
array and the rectified wind turbine output voltage.
By applying the pulse-with-modulation (PWM)
control scheme with appropriate MPPT algorithm to
the power switches (M1) and (M2) , the multi-input
dc–dc converter can draw maximum power from
both the PV array and the wind turbine individually
or simultaneously. The dc bus voltage, VDC, will be
regulated by the dc/ac inverter with sinusoidal PWM
(SPWM) control to achieve the input output power-
flow balance.
2.1. Hybrid system
In this project the wind/PV hybrid system is
used to deliver continuous power to the load. The
control of this hybrid system is obtained by Multi-
input inverter and control circuits. MPPT algorithm
(P&O method) also used to get maximum peak
power to the load. The operations of PV/Wind is
connected with multi-input inverter are used to get
the power characteristic analysis of hybrid system.
Fig 1: Schematic diagram of Multi-input
inverter.
2.2. PV Array
The PV array is constructed by many series
or parallel connected solar cells [8]. Each solar cell
is formed by a junction semiconductor, which can
produce currents by the photovoltaic effect. Typical
output power characteristic curves for the PV array
under different insolation are shown in Fig. 2. It can
be seen that a maximum power point exists on each
output power characteristic curve. Therefore, to
utilize the maximum output power from the PV
2. N.Sivakumar, Dr.A.Sumathi / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. 77-81
78 | P a g e
array, an appropriate control algorithm must be
adopted.
Fig.2. Typical output power characteristic curves of
the PV array
2.2.1. Parameters of PV system
DC bus voltage (Vdc) = 230 V DC.
Switching Frequency (fs) = 50 kHz, Switch (M1).
Power Factor = 0.99.
Total Harmonic distortion is less than 3%.
Only the PV array is connected to the
proposed multi-input inverter. At the beginning, the
controller will send out the PWM gate signal with
MPPT feature to switch when the utility line voltage
is detected. Once the dc bus voltage reaches its pre-
set range, the dc/ac inverter will begin to inject ac
output current into the utility line.
Fig 3: Gate signals Vgs1 & Vgs2 for M1 & M2
switches.
Fig. 3 shows the measured waveforms of
gate driving signals, (Vgs1) of (M1) and (Vgs2) of
(M2) , and inductor current . Because switches
M1and M2 have different duty ratios, the inductor
current has two different charging slopes. The multi-
input dc–dc converter can deliver power from both
of the two energy sources to the dc bus
simultaneously. The measured waveforms of
voltage, current, and power for the PV array and the
wind turbine are shown in Fig. 4.
Fig 4. Measured waveforms of voltage, current, and
power for the PV array and the wind turbine.
2.3. Wind Turbine
Among various types of wind turbines, the
permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine, which
has higher reliability and efficiency, is preferred
[13]–[16]. The power (Pwind) of the wind can be
derived as
𝑃𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑 =
1
2
ρAVwind
3
… … . . (1)
Where p is the air density (kg/m), A is the
area (m) swept by wind blades, and Vwind is the wind
speed (m/s). It has been proved that the energy
conversion efficiency, Cp, of the wind turbine is a
function of the tip speed ratio .The tip speed ratio is
𝜆𝑡𝑖𝑝 =
𝑤𝑟
𝑉 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑
… … . . (2)
Where w is the rotational speed (rad/sec) of
wind turbine blades, r is the radius of the area swept
by wind turbine blades.
When the output power of the wind turbine
is small, the dc motor will request small power from
the dc source to drive the wind turbine. When the
output current of the wind turbine is increased, the
output voltage and the rotational speed will be
decreased. Also, the dc motor needs to provide a
larger torque to the wind turbine. Since the dc motor
has limited maximum input power predetermined by
the control box, it can only provide limited
maximum torque to the wind turbine which can only
generate a limited maximum power to the load.
Fig. 6 shows typical output power characteristic
curves of the wind turbine under different driving
power from the controllable dc motor. These curves
have same characteristics with those driven by the
natural air-stream.
Fig.5: Output power characteristic curves of the
wind turbine for different wind speed
3. N.Sivakumar, Dr.A.Sumathi / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. 77-81
79 | P a g e
Each curve represents a constant driving power from
the dc motor. The output power of the wind turbine
is drawn by an electronic load. The load current is
gradually increased, and then the output power can
be measured. Output power characteristic curves are
shown in Fig.5. The P&O method is adopted as the
MPPT algorithm for the wind turbine. Therefore, a
power electronic converter with appropriate
controller is needed to process the wind energy
which varies considerably according to the
meteorological conditions such as wind speed.
2.3.1. Wind parameters
Vwind =80 ~200 V DC.
Switching frequency =
50 kHz (M2), 20 kHz (M3, M6).
Power factor = 0.99.
THD =below 3.5%
III. Multi-input DC-DC Converter
The proposed multi-input dc–dc converter
is the fusion of the buck-boost and the buck
converter [17]. Syntheses of the multi-input dc–dc
converter are done by inserting the pulsating voltage
source of the buck converter into the buck-boost
converter. In order to hamper the normal operation
of the buck-boost converter and to utilize the
inductor for the buck converter, the pulsating voltage
source of the buck converter must be series-
connected with the output inductor. Base on the
conduction status of the switches and the multi-input
dc–dc converter has four operation modes. Fig. 8(a)
to (d) shows the equivalent circuits for Mode I
through Mode IV, respectively. When switches on or
turned off, the diodes which will provide a free-
wheeling path for the inductor current. If one of the
voltage source is failed, the other source can still
provide the electric energy, normally. Therefore, it is
very suitable for renewable energy applications.
Fig.6: Flow chart of Maximum Power Point
Tracking.
The input-output voltage relationship can
be derived from the steady state volt-second balance
analysis of the inductor has longer conduction time
for one switching cycle and follows the sequence of
Mode I, Mode III, and Mode IV. On the other hand,
if it has longer conduction time then the sequence
becomes Mode II, Mode III, and Mode IV.
Fig.7.Control block diagram of the multi-input
inverter.
In either case, the output voltage can be expressed as
𝑉𝑑𝑐 =
𝑑1
1−𝑑2
𝑉𝑃𝑉 +
𝑑2
1−𝑑2
𝑉𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑 . . (3)
Where d1 and are d2 are the duty ratio of
switches M1 and M2, respectively. Similarly, the
average input and output current can be obtained as
𝐼 𝑃𝑉 =
𝑑1
1 − 𝑑2
𝐼0 . . (4)
𝐼 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑 =
𝑑2
1 − 𝑑2
𝐼0 . . (5)
From the above derived steady-state voltage and
current equations, different power distribution
demands of the multi-input dc–dc converter can be
achieved.
3.1. Output Parameters
Output Voltage (Vac) = 110V,60Hz.
Output Power (Pmax) = 1kW.
IV. Control Scheme
The conceptual control block diagram of
the proposed multi-input inverter is shown in Fig.7.
The hardware implementation of the control circuit
is realized by using a central control unit, digital
signal processor (DSP) TMS320F240, and auxiliary
analog circuits. The sensed voltage and current
values for the PV array and the wind turbine are sent
to the DSP where the MPPT algorithm will
determine the reference current (Iref1 and Iref2) for
the PV array and the wind turbine. The PWM
Comparator1 and Comparator2 will generate desired
4. N.Sivakumar, Dr.A.Sumathi / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. 77-81
80 | P a g e
gate signals for power switches M1 and M2
according to the current error signals e1 and e2
respectively.
The dc/ac inverter will inject a sinusoidal
current into the ac mains. The SPWM gate signals of
switches M3 through M6 for producing sinusoidal ac
current is generated by the DSP and the amplitude of
the ac current is determined by the error signal of the
measured dc bus voltage Vdc and Vdcref. If the
measured dc bus voltage is lesser than the reference
value, then the amplitude of the ac output current
will be decreased in order to increase the dc bus
voltage. On the other hand, if the dc bus voltage is
higher than the reference one, then the amplitude of
the ac output current will be decreased and at the
same time, the dc bus voltage is regulated by the dc–
ac inverter and the input-output power balance can
be achieved.
Fig.8.Equivalent circuits for the multi-input dc–dc
converter.
(a)Mode-I (b) Mode-II(c) Mode-III (d) Mode-IV
4.1. Open loop of Multi-input inverter
The open loop control of multi input
inverter is shown in fig 9. This system consist of one
multi input DC-DC converter and DC-AC inverter.
This converter is used to obtain maximum power
from WIND/PV hybrid system. Inverter is used to
regulate the dc bus voltage. This system is used to
simplify the operation complexity and reduce the
cost. The Output regulated voltage and current
waveform of multi-input inverter is shown in fig 10.
4.1.1. Simulation Diagram - Open Loop
Fig.9. Open loop circuit of multi-input inverter
Fig.10.Output voltage and current waveform
of multi- input inverter.
4.2. Closed loop of Multi-input inverter
Fig.11 shows the maximum constant output
power from the wind/PV hybrid system using Multi-
input inverter and MPPT (P&O) method. This output
current and voltages are for the particular predefined
input values of voltages (Vin) and gate signals
(Vgs).
4.2.1. Simulation Diagram - Closed Loop
Fig.11 Closed loop operation of Multi-input inverter.
Fig.12 Output voltage and current waveform of
multi-input inverter.
5. N.Sivakumar, Dr.A.Sumathi / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. 77-81
81 | P a g e
But in the closed loop of Multi-input
inverter operation the maximum constant output
power obtained for the different variable input
conditions. This input and output balance controlled
by using central control unit and DSP. So here no
need of additional sensors.
V. CONCLUSION
A multi-input inverter for the hybrid
PV/wind power system is explained. Power from the
PV array or the wind turbine can be delivered to the
utility grid individually or simultaneously. MPPT
feature can be realized for both PV and wind energy.
A large range of input voltage variation caused by
different insulation and wind speed is acceptable.
The perturbation and observation method is adopted
to realize the MPPT algorithm for the PV array and
the wind turbine. Simulation results for open loop
operation shown in fig.10 to verify the performance
of the multi-input inverter. The efficient control of
Wind/PV system with closed loop operation of multi
input inverter and simulation results for closed loop
is shown in fig12.Thus the performance of the multi-
input inverter and the maximum constant output
power is obtained for the different variable input
conditions.
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