thanks for prof manal elsawaf

1. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Main vessels of the
body
By
Prof.Dr. Manal Elsawaf

2. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Main arteries
•Aorta
ascending arch descending
Descending
thoracic
Descending
abdominal

3. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Ascending aorta
• Branches:
-right coronary
-left coronary

4. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Arch of aorta
Left subclavian
Left common carotid
brachiocephalic

5. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Arch of aorta
• Branches of arch of aorta supply
Head, neck, brain and upper limb

6. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Arch of aorta
• brachiocephalic
Rt subclavian Rt common carotid

7. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Arteries of the head and neck
•
1. External carotid
2. Internal carotid
Common carotid artery subclavian artery
1. branches to neck and
brain
2. arteries of the upper
limb

8. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Descending aorta
• The diaphragm divides the
Descending aorta into
Thoracic part and abdominal
part

9. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Descending thoracic aorta
• The continuation of the
aortic arch.
It ends by passing through
the diaphragm to continue
as abdominal aorta

10. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Descending thoracic aorta
• branches
visceral
parietal

11. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Descending abdominal aorta
• branches
Arteries of the abdomen
as renal
Arteries of the lower limb
As femoral a

12. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Main veins
Superior vena cava:
Drain upper part of body
Inferior vena cava:
Drain lower part of body

13. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Lymphatic
System

14. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Introduction
e lymphatic system is a part of the vascular system
Functions
• Return tissue fluid to the bloodstream
• Transport fats from the digestive tract to the bloodstream
• Surveillance & defense

15. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Lymph
• Is a clear watery fluid collected from the
intercellular spaces
• Filtered by lymph nodes
• Contains:
- Constituents similar to plasma
- Some lymphocytes
- Fat droplets (chyle) from intestines

16. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Lymphatic capillaries
– Originate in most
tissues
– Capillaries unite to form
large collecting
lymphatic vessels
– Are wider than blood
capillaries
– Connect to lymph nodes
at various intervals
– Absorb fat in the villi
and called lacteals

17. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Lymphatic vessels
• Have many valves
• They are absent in :
Brain, spinal cord, eyeballs, bone marrow,
splenic pulp, hyaline cartilage, nails and
hair

18. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Main ducts of
Lymphatics
2 main channels
• Right lymphatic
duct
– Drains right
side of head &
neck, right
arm, right
thorax
– Empties into
the right
innominate
• Thoracic duct
– Drains the rest
of the body
– Empties into
the left
innominate
vein

19. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Lymphoid
Tissue
• Collections of
lymphoid tissue as:
palatine tonsils,
adenoids, payer’s
patches, and
nodules of spleen
• Collections of
lymphoid tissue as:
palatine tonsils,
adenoids, payer’s
patches, and
nodules of spleen

20. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
– Collections of
lymphatic tissue
located along
lymphatic vessels
– Enclosed by a
fibrous capsule and
formed of outer
cortex & inner
medulla
– Lymph enters nodes
through afferent
lymphatics for
filteration from
germs and their
poisons then exits
through efferent
lymhpatic
Lymph Nodes

21. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Lymph Nodes
the most important groups are:
1.axillary:upper limb &breast
2. cervical: head & neck
3. mediastinal: thoracic organs
4. inguinal: lower limbs
5. iliac: pelvic organs
6.Aortic: abdominal organs
1
2
3
4
5
6

22. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Spleen
– Largest lymphatic organ
– Located below the left
copula of the diaphragm

23. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Spleen
–Has an outer convex
surface and an
inner concave one
showing a
hilum which receives the
splenic vessels

24. prof. dr. manal elsawaf
Spleen
– Functions
• Destroys old RBCs
• Stores blood cells
• Produces lymphocytes