Lss module 2 chpt 8 air pollution

Module 2:
Matter Around Us
Chapter 8 Air Pollution
1© Copyright Star Publishing Pte Ltd

8.1 What are the sources of air
pollutants?
8.2 Why is air pollution a growing
concern?
8.3 How can air pollution be reduced
and prevented?

Objectives
 State the names and sources of
common air pollutants (carbon
monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and oxides
of nitrogen)

Why do we need fresh air?
 We need fresh air to stay healthy and carry
out daily activities.
 Dust particles and gaseous chemicals
from industrial wastes can cause air
pollution.
© Copyright Star Publishing Pte Ltd 4
Activity Book Link
Activity 8.1
Air is an Important Type of
Matter
release of pollutants from factories

Sources of air pollution
 Air pollution can result from:
(a) industrialisation
(b) transport
(c) agriculture
slash-and-burn method
pollutes the air
pollution from car exhaust pipes
Activity Book Link
Activity 8.2
Characteristics of Polluted Air
(Teacher’s Demonstration)

Common Types of Air
Pollutants
 There are four common air pollutants:
(a) carbon monoxide gas,
(b) sulfur dioxide gas,
(c) the oxides of nitrogen and
(d) dust and soot.
Activity Book Link
Activity 8.3
Sources of Air Pollution

Sources of air pollutants and their
harmful effects

pollutants?
concern?
and prevented?

Objectives
 Appreciate that air is an important type of
matter that can be polluted as a result of
Man’s activities
 List the possible harmful effects of air
pollutants through human activities (acid
rain, greenhouse effect and haze from
forest fires)
 Investigate the effects of acid rain on the
environment
 Appreciate that clean air is important for
Singapore

Why is air an important type of matter?
 We all need air to survive.
 All living things need
oxygen to break down
the food we eat so as to
give us energy to do
work, move around and
to grow.
 Green plants take in
carbon dioxide present
in the air to make food in
the presence of sunlight.
animals at work need a lot of
oxygen for energy

Air can be polluted as a result of
Man’s activities
 Air is easily polluted
by man-made waste
toxic gases when
they are released into
the air.
 In a very short time,
the waste toxic gases
can move over a
large area and cause
breathing problems
for many people.
clean air is needed for
trees to make food

Acid Rain
 Air pollutants like sulfur
dioxide and oxides of
nitrogen dissolve in rain
water to form acid rain.
 Buildings, plant life and
cars can become affected
by the acid rain.
Activity Book Link
Activity 8.4
Effects of Air Pollution
acid waste gases emitted by
factories causes acid rain
acid rain destroys
forests

The Greenhouse Effect
 Natural gases in the
Earth’s atmosphere
keep the earth warm
by trapping heat
from the sun.
 Gases such as
carbon dioxide,
methane, water
vapour, some
oxides of nitrogen
and ozone, are
greenhouse gases.

 Due to the increase in the use of vehicles and
industrialisation, more greenhouse gases are released.
 Greenhouse gases trap excessive heat from the sun and
cause global warming.
 Global warming causes polar ice caps to melt, causing
flooding in low lying areas.
 Global warming can also cause droughts.

Haze
 Haze affects the environment badly.
 Haze can be carried by winds around the region in just
a few hours.
 Singapore uses the PSI or Pollution Standards Index to
measure air pollution.

Haze
 As Singapore is a small island, the air
around us is easily affected by nearby
regions.
 Poor air quality can have a direct and
lasting effect on our health, daily activities,
school and work lives.
Haze affects our breathing

pollutants?
concern?
and prevented?

Objectives
 Discuss some ways to reduce air
pollution

How can we prevent and reduce
air pollution?

air pollution?

air pollution?
 Products should be packaged as minimally
as possible to reduce the amount of rubbish
to be disposed and burnt.
 Alternatively, the packaging should be made
from recyclable materials which are easily
biodegradable.

air pollution?
 Vehicles are to be fitted with catalytic
converters to convert harmful gases into less
harmful ones.
 We can use vehicles powered by CNG
(compressed natural gas) and hydrogen fuel
which produce only carbon dioxide and water
vapour. © Copyright Star Publishing Pte Ltd 24
vehicles powered by CNG

air pollution?
 Factories that emit harmful gases as by-products
should be fitted with filters to remove pollutants
before releasing the gases.
 Grow more trees and plants to increase absorption
of greenhouse gases and produce more oxygen.
grow more trees and plants
Activity Book Link
Activity 8.5
Methods to Reduce Air
Pollution

Lss module 2 chpt 8 air pollution

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