This document presents a study on producing bricks from industrial waste materials. The study aims to develop a low-cost and lightweight composite brick using waste paper, quarry dust, and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as potential building materials. The objectives are to find cost-effective alternatives to conventional bricks, propose mix designs using waste materials, test the strength and properties of the waste bricks, and analyze costs. The methodology involves arranging waste materials, preparing sample bricks using different waste material percentages and cementing, and testing the bricks to compare with standards.

1. “PRODUCTION OF BRICKS FROM
WASTE MATERIAL”
Department of Civil Engineering
VII th semester
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PRESENTERS
Kishan Lathiya (201403100410026)
Dakshit Golakiya (201403100410027)
Brijesh Gajera (201403100410038)
Axar Kalathiya (201403100410043)
GUIDE
Asst. Pro. GRISHMA SALVI
CO-GUIDE
Asst. Pro. MINU TREESA

2. CONTENT
• Introduction
• Aim
• Objectives
• Literature Summary
• Methodology
• References
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3. INTRODUCTION
• Bricks are widely use as construction material around
world.
• Demand for bricks is continuously rising due to increase
in population.
• It is challenged to convert the industrial wastes to useful
building and construction materials.
• This study investigates the potential use of waste paper,
quarry dust, GGBS for producing a low-cost and light
weight composite brick as a building material.
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4. AIM
• Production of Low Cost Bricks from Industrial Waste
Materials.
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5. OBJECTIVES
• To find cost effective alternatives for conventional brick.
• To propose mix design for bricks using waste materials.
• To test the strength and physical properties of bricks with waste
materials and compare it with conventional bricks.
• To conduct cost analysis and find cost effectiveness to any structure
by bricks with waste material.
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6. LITERATURE SUMMARY
AUTHOR,YEAR TITLE SUMMARY
Arya R. , Kansal
R.(2016)
Utilization of waste
papers to produced
ecofriendly bricks
Research of
physical
characteristic of
paper brick.
Oti J., Kinuthia
J.(2009)
Unfired clay
bricks:From
laboratry to
industrial
production
Production of
unfired clay
masonry bricks at
both laboratory
And industrial scale.
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7. LITERATURE SUMMARY
AUTHOR,YEAR TITLE SUMMARY
Scinduja M. ,
Nathiya S. et
al.(2014)
Innovative brick
material
Experimental study
of low cost and light
weight of paper
brick and it’s
potential use
Zhang L. (2013) Production of bricks
from waste
materials – A review
Various studies on
production of bricks
from waste material
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8. PRODUCTION OF BRICK
BY FIRING:
• This method uses entire amount of clay and follows the traditional
way to kiln fire the material to produce bricks.
BY CEMENTING:
• This method does not need kiln firing but depending on cementing
from the waste material itself or other added cementing materials.
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9. MATERIALS USE IN
PRODUCTION OF BRICKS
GROUND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG:
• By product obtained during the manufacturing of pig iron in
blast furnace.
• This process produces a glassy, homogeneous material that
has cementitious properties.
• It is off white in colour by appearance.
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Fig.1 GGBS
Source: Scinduja et al,2016

10. PAPER:
• Paper is principally wood cellulose. Cellulose is natural
polymer.
• Fig.2 shows the links of cellulose bonds. The cellulose
chain bristles with polar – OH groups.
• The chains also pack regularly in places to form hard,
stable crystalline region that give the bundled chains even
more stability and strength.
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Fig.2 Cellulose hydrogen bonds
Source: http://www.celignis.com/chemistry.php

11. QUARRY DUST:
• Dust from production of aggregate at Quarry
CEMENT:
• Cement is one of the binding materials.
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Fig.3 Quarry Dust
Source:
https://http://www.cmcquarries.ie
/stone.php
Fig.4 Cement
Source:
https://www.thermofisher.com

12. Methodology
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• Arrangement for different waste materials
• Prepare a brick by cementing procedure by using paper,
quarry dust and cement
2
• Add waste material in various percentage
• Decide a mix design for waste material bricks
• Add GGSB in varied percentage (i.e.0% - 50%)
3
• Test the properties of prepared bricks
• Compare it with conventional bricks
4
• Result and discussion
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Phase 1
Phase 1I

13. TESTS TO BE CONDUCTED:
(IS 1077 : 1992)
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH:
• The bricks when tested in accordance with the procedure
laid down in IS 3495 (Part 1): 1992.
• Strength between 35-105 kg/cm2.
WATER ABSORPTION:
• The bricks, when tested in accordance with the procedure
laid down in IS 3495 (Part 2 ) : 1992 after immersion in
cold water for 24 hours, water absorption shall not be more
than 20 percent by weight up to class 12.5 and 15 percent
by weight for higher classes.
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14. EFFLORESCENCE:
• The bricks when in accordance with the procedure laid
down in IS 3495 (Part 3) : 1992 the rating of
efflorescence shall not be more than ‘moderate’ up to
class 12.5 and ‘slight’ for higher classes.
 SHAPE AND SIZE:
• For good quality bricks, the results after performing tests
on 20 bricks according to IS 3495: 1992 should be within
the following permissible limits:
• Length: 3680mm to 3920mm
• Width : 1740mm to 1860mm
• Height: 1740mm to 1860 mm
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15. SOUNDNESS:
• In this test, two bricks are taken and they are struck each
other. The bricks should not break and a clear ringing
sound should be produced.
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16. REFERENCES
• BIS 1077:1992
• BIS 3495 (Part 1-4): 1992
• BIS 5454 : 1978
• Arya R. , Kansal R.(2016) “Utilization of waste papers to produced
ecofriendly bricks” International Journal for Research (IJSR)
• Oti J., Kinuthia J.(2009) “Unfired clay bricks:From laboratry to
industrial production” Proceedings of the Institute of Civil Engineers:
Engineering Sustainability · December 2009
• Scinduja M. , Nathiya S. et al.(2014) “Innovative brick material”,
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering
Technology(IJRASET)
• Zhang L. (2013) “Production of bricks from waste materials – A review”,
Construction and Building Materials 47 (2013) 643–655
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