Lockheed Martin F35 Lightning II(Aerodynamics Presentation)SYEDMOEEDHUSSAIN1
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Lockheed Martin F35 Lightning II's
1. Brief History
2. Dimensions
3. Concept of Shockwave
4. Drag Coefficient
5. Reynold’s Number
6. Features
7. Capabilities
Lockheed Martin F35 Lightning II(Aerodynamics Presentation)SYEDMOEEDHUSSAIN1
Note: For best experience of animation, Proceed in Slide Show Mode Of MS Power Point
Lockheed Martin F35 Lightning II's
1. Brief History
2. Dimensions
3. Concept of Shockwave
4. Drag Coefficient
5. Reynold’s Number
6. Features
7. Capabilities
Combat Systems Fusion Engine for the F-35ICSA, LLC
Michael Skaff of Lockheed Martin and the Principal Engineer for the F-35’s pilot vehicle interface explains the combat systems and their integration in the F-35. This capability is inherent in every F-35 or part of the baseline aircraft. In a real sense software development is never done; it is part of the evolving capability of the aircraft.
BVR combat was, for a long time, dream of both Western and Asian air forces. Today, it seems that the dream has been finally fulfilled; but is that really so?
MSPO - Leonardo Aircraft Division: M-346, the dual role conceptLeonardo
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The F-35 Cockpit: Enabling the Pilot as a Tactical Decision Maker
Dr. Michael L. Skaff created this briefing. Skaff described his background in a recent interview as follows:
I was an F-16 pilot out of the Air Force Academy. I was prior enlisted, and I’ve been with Lockheed Martin for about 23 years working on the F-35 cockpit since ’95. I flew out of MacDill, Shaw, and Luke during the Cold War.
For a full discussion with Skaff regarding the baseline F-35 please see
http://www.sldinfo.com/understanding-the-basic-f-35-what-is-in-the-baseline-aircraft/
F-35, Stealth and Designing a 21st Century Fighter from the Ground UpICSA, LLC
Stealth must be designed into the aircraft; it can NOT be done after the fact.
VLO stealth must be planned for and built in. The designers must incorporate large internal fuel tanks, internal weapon bays, and internally mounted sensors with appropriate apertures.
Another hallmark of 5th generation is agility, which goes hand in hand with stealth.
In the third slide, the results from Northern Edge 2011 are shown. Although the F-35 airframe has not been flown in Northern Edge some it sensors have been.
The sensors performed extremely well and portend a bright future. It is understood by most that the electronic order of battle will play a key role in future conflicts.
What the exercise showed was that a stealthy 5TH Gen. fighter -- the F-22 -- with its ability to be forward deployed in contested air space
In addition to its precision active and passive sensors were able to ID threats; EW sites, SAMS, AAA radars for entire package much sooner.
The presence of 5th Gen fighters in the force package increases overall forces mission effectiveness by enhancing survivability and lethality for entire package.
It showed as well that 5th Gen fighters enhanced battle-space awareness enhanced overall mission effectiveness of entire mission package
And finally, the exercise showed that 5th Gen fighters with this enhanced SA tend to function as Air Battle manager for entire package.
Even when F-22 was weapon bingo it stayed in fight as battle manager!
The F-35 is designed to work with most legacy weapons.
And the F-35 with the internal fusion engine will allow a whole new approach to the development and use of weapons. Here the focus is upon the legacy weapons.
Legacy 4th generation fighters must load all of their weapons externally which directly impacts aerodynamic performance (agility) and radar cross-section (RCS).
In fact, any strides made to reduce airframe RCS are lost.
5th generation have the option of loading stores internally.
Legacy 4th gen fighters must carry external fuel tanks in order to overcome the drag penalty of the external ordinance.
The F-35 does not need external fuel tanks for two reasons:
1) the airframe was specifically designed to carry significant amounts of internal fuel and,
2) there is no aerodynamic drag from internal ordinance.
A 4th gen fighter is unable to safely penetrate denied airspace. This is airspace for which the threats are able to dominate entirely against the 4th generation.
5th gen fighters are able to penetrate denied airspace.
The internal ordinance of an F-35 is approximately that of an F-16 loaded “wall to wall.”
Because the weapons are internal, the F-35 has a much longer combat range fully loaded or significantly longer loiter time in the area of interest.
In the permissive environment, the F-35 holds another advantage over the F-16: payload.
The F-35 has 11 hard points and can carry about three times the stores load.
External weapons on an F-35 impact aerodynamic performance such that our range is about the same as an F-16.
The picture in slide 4shows an F-35A model with a full compliment of internal stores.
This loadout, which is all internal, is about 5000lbs.
Internal carriage means ZERO impact on radar cross section and ZERO aerodynamic drag.
An F-16, fully loaded, with external stores carries just over 5000lbs and because the load is external the radar cross sections is severely impacted as well as having a significant hit to aerodynamic performance.
The weapons within the blue cone can be carried internally.
The weapons with orange color font will be certified for carry in the SDD phase of the program.
Block 2 weapons carriage and release will be conducted this year.
By the end of block 2, AIM-120 and JDAM will be certified.
On day 1, when stealth is of primary importance, the F-35s will probably be loaded internally.
When stealth is less important, there are 11 hard points on the airplane, which allow about 18,000lbs of ordinance to be carried.
ADS-B: A pilot's guide to understanding the system and avionicsSporty's Pilot Shop
Join Sporty's John Zimmerman for a detailed look at Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast, the technology that's changing how pilots fly. From the basics of the system to portable ADS-B receivers to panel-mount ADS-B transmitters, you'll learn what ADS-B really means and how to fly with it.
Presented at the 2016 EAA AirVenture Oshkosh.
Combat Systems Fusion Engine for the F-35ICSA, LLC
Michael Skaff of Lockheed Martin and the Principal Engineer for the F-35’s pilot vehicle interface explains the combat systems and their integration in the F-35. This capability is inherent in every F-35 or part of the baseline aircraft. In a real sense software development is never done; it is part of the evolving capability of the aircraft.
BVR combat was, for a long time, dream of both Western and Asian air forces. Today, it seems that the dream has been finally fulfilled; but is that really so?
MSPO - Leonardo Aircraft Division: M-346, the dual role conceptLeonardo
At MSPO 2016 Leonardo Aircraft Division hosted a presentation on the M-346FT (Fighter Trainer), the latest variant of the platform, ideal to train next generation of fighter pilots
The twin-turbofan M-346 is the most advanced lead-in fighter trainer flying today. With its fully digital flight controls and avionics, together with carefree handling and high AOA maneuvering, the M-346 is fully representative of new generation fighters.
The F-35 Cockpit: Enabling the Pilot as a Tactical Decision Maker
Dr. Michael L. Skaff created this briefing. Skaff described his background in a recent interview as follows:
I was an F-16 pilot out of the Air Force Academy. I was prior enlisted, and I’ve been with Lockheed Martin for about 23 years working on the F-35 cockpit since ’95. I flew out of MacDill, Shaw, and Luke during the Cold War.
For a full discussion with Skaff regarding the baseline F-35 please see
http://www.sldinfo.com/understanding-the-basic-f-35-what-is-in-the-baseline-aircraft/
F-35, Stealth and Designing a 21st Century Fighter from the Ground UpICSA, LLC
Stealth must be designed into the aircraft; it can NOT be done after the fact.
VLO stealth must be planned for and built in. The designers must incorporate large internal fuel tanks, internal weapon bays, and internally mounted sensors with appropriate apertures.
Another hallmark of 5th generation is agility, which goes hand in hand with stealth.
In the third slide, the results from Northern Edge 2011 are shown. Although the F-35 airframe has not been flown in Northern Edge some it sensors have been.
The sensors performed extremely well and portend a bright future. It is understood by most that the electronic order of battle will play a key role in future conflicts.
What the exercise showed was that a stealthy 5TH Gen. fighter -- the F-22 -- with its ability to be forward deployed in contested air space
In addition to its precision active and passive sensors were able to ID threats; EW sites, SAMS, AAA radars for entire package much sooner.
The presence of 5th Gen fighters in the force package increases overall forces mission effectiveness by enhancing survivability and lethality for entire package.
It showed as well that 5th Gen fighters enhanced battle-space awareness enhanced overall mission effectiveness of entire mission package
And finally, the exercise showed that 5th Gen fighters with this enhanced SA tend to function as Air Battle manager for entire package.
Even when F-22 was weapon bingo it stayed in fight as battle manager!
The F-35 is designed to work with most legacy weapons.
And the F-35 with the internal fusion engine will allow a whole new approach to the development and use of weapons. Here the focus is upon the legacy weapons.
Legacy 4th generation fighters must load all of their weapons externally which directly impacts aerodynamic performance (agility) and radar cross-section (RCS).
In fact, any strides made to reduce airframe RCS are lost.
5th generation have the option of loading stores internally.
Legacy 4th gen fighters must carry external fuel tanks in order to overcome the drag penalty of the external ordinance.
The F-35 does not need external fuel tanks for two reasons:
1) the airframe was specifically designed to carry significant amounts of internal fuel and,
2) there is no aerodynamic drag from internal ordinance.
A 4th gen fighter is unable to safely penetrate denied airspace. This is airspace for which the threats are able to dominate entirely against the 4th generation.
5th gen fighters are able to penetrate denied airspace.
The internal ordinance of an F-35 is approximately that of an F-16 loaded “wall to wall.”
Because the weapons are internal, the F-35 has a much longer combat range fully loaded or significantly longer loiter time in the area of interest.
In the permissive environment, the F-35 holds another advantage over the F-16: payload.
The F-35 has 11 hard points and can carry about three times the stores load.
External weapons on an F-35 impact aerodynamic performance such that our range is about the same as an F-16.
The picture in slide 4shows an F-35A model with a full compliment of internal stores.
This loadout, which is all internal, is about 5000lbs.
Internal carriage means ZERO impact on radar cross section and ZERO aerodynamic drag.
An F-16, fully loaded, with external stores carries just over 5000lbs and because the load is external the radar cross sections is severely impacted as well as having a significant hit to aerodynamic performance.
The weapons within the blue cone can be carried internally.
The weapons with orange color font will be certified for carry in the SDD phase of the program.
Block 2 weapons carriage and release will be conducted this year.
By the end of block 2, AIM-120 and JDAM will be certified.
On day 1, when stealth is of primary importance, the F-35s will probably be loaded internally.
When stealth is less important, there are 11 hard points on the airplane, which allow about 18,000lbs of ordinance to be carried.
ADS-B: A pilot's guide to understanding the system and avionicsSporty's Pilot Shop
Join Sporty's John Zimmerman for a detailed look at Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast, the technology that's changing how pilots fly. From the basics of the system to portable ADS-B receivers to panel-mount ADS-B transmitters, you'll learn what ADS-B really means and how to fly with it.
Presented at the 2016 EAA AirVenture Oshkosh.
FINAL DEGREE PROJECT - Aerospace PropulsionAndrè G. Odu
In the military environment the power plant type is determined based on the specific conditions that need to be met. The two primary uses for transport aircrafts in the military field are strategic long range flights and medium/short range flights.
The comparison between the most famous military cargo aircrafts is done to justify selecting one, and not the other.
The primary difference between these aircrafts are the power plants: while the C-130J is powered by four Rolls-Royce AE2100 turbo propellers, the C-17 is powered by four Pratt & Whitney F117 PW 100 turbofans.
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2. 2
DISCUSSION
1. Propulsion System
2. Power System
3. Maximum Thrust andThrust to Weight Ratio
4. EngineType
5. In-Air Fueling
6. FuelType and Combustion
7. Fuel Capacity
3. 3
Pratt & Whitney's F135 propulsion system is the engine of choice for the F-35 Lightning II.
Primary propulsion for the F-35 is supplied by the Pratt &Whitney F135 turbofan series.The F135 is an
afterburning turbofan system delivering 25,000lbf on dry thrust with up to 42,000lbf on full
afterburner.
6. 6
POWER SYSTEM
The F-35 has 3 electrical systems,
- 28VDC system being used to
power avionics.
- 270VDC system used to power
high-power systems like the
electro-hydrostatic actuators
(which replace conventional
hydraulic systems for control
surfaces) and starter motors,
- 115VAC system used for powering
certain bombs / missiles that
require it.
7. 7
MAXIMUMTHRUST &THRUST-WEIGHT RATIO
The quoted thrust-to-weight ratio indicates the performance of the engine or vehicle and represents
maneuverability of the aircraft.
F-35’s peak power output is 160kW. MaximumThrust of 25,000lbf (DryThrust)
𝑇𝐻𝑅𝑈𝑆𝑇
𝑊𝐸𝐼𝐺𝐻𝑇
=
25,000
60,000
𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑢𝑠𝑡 − 𝑡𝑜 − 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟏
MaximumThrust of 43,000 lbf (afterburner)
𝑇𝐻𝑅𝑈𝑆𝑇
𝑊𝐸𝐼𝐺𝐻𝑇
=
43,000
60,000
𝐴𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑏𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑢𝑠𝑡 − 𝑡𝑜 − 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟏
9. 9
STOVL Main Engine Components
The three main components of the F135 that enable both types of airborne flight are
- The Exhaust Nozzle
- The Lift Fan
- The Roll Posts
(Swivel) Exhaust Nozzle
The exhaust nozzle is the most
important part of the F135 engine.
During horizontal flight, 100% of the
thrust generated is due to the exhaust
nozzle. During vertical flight, about
46% of lift generated is used to keep
the jet stabilized.
10. 10
HOW AIR FLOWS WHEN PLANE IS AIRBORNE AND WHEN ITTAKES OFF/
LANDSVERTICALLY
Lift Fan
The lift fan is the second most crucial aspect of
the F135 engine
It forces air downwards 20,000lb of lift
Roll Posts
Placed under both wings, Although the roll posts
only provide about 8% of lift need to keep the
F-35 jet vertical in flight, they are absolutely
necessary as the prevent rolling clockwise or
counterclockwise with the wind.
Nozzles
12. 12
Yes, F-35 Lightning II allows
air-to-air fueling through
AirTankers via two systems.
DOES IT ALLOW
MID-AIR FUELING?
13. 13
i) In the Aerial Boom System, used primarily by the Air Force, the receiving plane flies in close
formation to the tanker. A boom operator in the tanker then flies a rigid boom into a receptacle on the
top of the aircraft.
15. 15
The drogue stabilizes the hose in flight and provides a funnel to aid insertion of the receiver
aircraft probe into the hose.
Most modern versions of the probe are usually designed to be retractable when not in use.
Aerial Boom System provides High rate of Fuel
transfer but one aircraft at a time but
Probe-and-Drogue refuels multiple aircrafts
simultaneously at lower Fuel transfer rate.
17. 17
FUELTYPE & COMBUSTION
JET A-1 OR AVTUR(AviationTurbine Fuel) is a type of fuel used in F-35.
JET A-1 is an aviation fuel formerly known as "kerosene" which is suitable for most jet aircraft.
It has a minimum flashpoint(combusts) of 38°C and a maximum freezing point of -47°C.
JET A-1 is the principal fuel used for jet turbine engines. It is also used in general aviation for
compatible diesel engine planes.
