Liver abcess made easy
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This document provides information about liver abscess, including: - Liver abscess is a localized infection in the liver parenchyma that can be caused by bacteria, fungi, or parasites. Common causes include appendicitis and spread of intestinal microbes. - Symptoms include fever, cough, jaundice, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves tests like abdominal CT scan, ultrasound, and liver biopsy. - Treatment involves intravenous antibiotics, sometimes along with surgical drainage. Nursing care focuses on monitoring vital signs, administering IV antibiotics, wound care if drainage is present, and managing symptoms like fever and pain.
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Liver abcess made easy
- 1. LIVER ABCESS PREPARED BY – NUPUR VASHISHT SUBMMITED TO-MRS. NIDHI JOSEPH
- 3. LIVER
- 4. PHYSIOLOGY• STORAGE OF GLYCOGEN , AMINO ACID AND VITAMIN B12 • SYNTHESIS OF GLUCOSE BY GLUCONEOGENESIS • SECRETION OF BILE • EXCRETION OF CHOLESTROL AND BILE PIGMENTS • DEFENCE OF BODY BY KUPFFER CELLS • HEMATOPOEISIS IN FETUS • DESTRUCTION OF OLD RBC • METABOLISM OF PROTEIN , FATS AND CARBOHYDRATE
- 6. INTRODUCTION A LOCALIZED INFECTION IN THE LIVER PARECNCHYMA THAT MAY BE BACTERIAL , FUNGAL , PARASITIC IN ORIGIN . APPENDICITIS WITH RUPTURE AND SUBSEQUENT SPREAD OF INFECTION WAS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF LIVER ABCESS .
- 7. DEFINITION •LIVER ABSCESS ARE PURULENT COLLECTION IN THE LIVER PARENCHYMA THAT RESULT FROM BACTERIAL . FUNGAL , OR PARASITIC INFECTION IN WHICH A MASS FILLED WITH PUS IS PRESENT INSIDE THE LIVER .
- 9. PYOGENIC ABSCESS WHICH IS MOST OFTEN POLYMICROBIAL AND MOSTLY ACCOUNT FOR 80% OF HEPATIC ABSCESS IN US . INTESTINAL MICROBES SUCH AS E.COLLI , STREPTOCOCCUS , AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS .
- 10. AMOEBIC ABSCESS DUE TO ENTAMOBA HISTOLYTICA ACCOUNT FOR 10 % OF CASES .ITS MOSTLY OCCURING IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES OF TROPICS BECAUSE OF POOR SANITATION AND HYGIENE .
- 11. FUNGAL ABSCESS MOST OFTEN DUE TO CANDIDA SPECIES , ACCOUNT FOR LESS THAN 10 % OF CASES. MOSQUITO AND NEUTROPENIA FACILITATES THE SPREAD OF ABSCESS FROM GI TRACT TO THE LIVER .
- 12. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- 13. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY• INFECTION DEVELOP ANYWHERE ALONG THE BILIARY TRACT OR GI TRACT • INFECTING ORGANISM REACH LIVER THROUGH BILIARY CIRCULATION , HEPATIC ARTERIES • BACTERIA DESTROY NEIGHBOURING LIVER CELLS AND RESULT IN NECROSIS AND SERVE AS A PROTECTIVE WALL FOR THE ORGANISM • MEANWHILE LEUKOCYTES MIGRATE INTO THE INFECTED AREA
- 14. CONTINUE…..• RESULTS IN LIVER ABSCESS ,CAVITY FULL OF A LIQUID CONTAINING LIVING AND DEAD LEAUKOCYTES , LIQUIFIED LIVER CELLS AND BACTERIA
- 16. BACTERIAL CAUSES A. STREPTOCOCCUS B. ESCHERICHIA SPECIES C. STAPHYLOCCUS D. KLEBSIELLA E. ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA F. CANDIDA SPECIES
- 17. POSSIBLE CAUSES ABDOMINAL INFECTION SUCH AS APPENDICITIS , DIVERTICULITIS INFECTION OF BILE DRAINING TUBE RECENT ENDOSCOPY OF BILE DRAINING TUBES DYSENTRY WEAK IMMUNE RESPONSE PERFORATED BOWEL TRAUMA THAT DAMAGE LIVER
- 18. •RISK FACTOR • INFECTION IN THE BLOOD . • INFECTION IN BILE DRAINING TUBE . • RECENT ENDOSCOPY OF BILE TUBE • ALOHOLISM AND POOR NUTRITION . • AGE OLDER THAN 70 YEARS . • MEDICATION LIKE NSAIDS OR CHEMOTHERAPY • MEDICAL CONDITION SUCH AS CANCER , DIABETES , OR WEAK IMMUNE SYSTEM .
- 19. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION • CO U G H • F E V E R W I T H C H I L L S • D I A PH O RES I S • D YS P NEA • A N O R EX IA • N AU S E A A N D VO M I T ING • H E PATOM EG ALY • JAU N D IC E A N D P R U R I T I S • S P L E E NOM EGALY • DA R K U R I N E
- 20. • CHALK COLOURED STOOL • WEIGHT LOSS • CHEST PAIN • MAL ARIA • DULL ABDOMINAL PAIN AND TENDERNESS IN THE UPPER RIGHT QUADRANT OF THE ABDOMEN
- 22. ABDOMINAL CT SCAN ABDOMINAL X-RAY (MAY DEMONSTRATE GAS WITHIN THE ABSCESS CAVITY 10-20% ) LIVER FUNCTION TEST BILIRUBIN BLOOD TEST BLOOD CULTURE COUNT (CBC) LIVER BIOPSY LIVER ABSCESS ASPIRATION TO CHECK FOR BACTERIAL INFECTION IN LIVER ABSCESS ABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND
- 23. TREATMENT
- 24. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT • INTRAVENOUS ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY • DAILY MONITORING OF WEIGHT AND SKIN TURGOR
- 25. • FOOD GIVEN IN SMALL AND FREQUENT TIME • PROVIDE COMFORT USING COMFORT DEVICES • OPEN SURGICAL DRAINAGE REQUIRE ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY • A CATHETER MAY BE LEFT IN PLACE FOR CONTINUOUS DRAINAGE
- 26. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT • Metronidazole is the drug of choice. • Earlier the use of emetine and chloroquine was used . • Metronidazole is effective against both the intestinal and hepatic phase. • 750 mg three times a day for 7–10 days is recommended.
- 28. NURSING MANAGEMENT• SKIN CARE TO PATIENT WITH DRAINAGE OF ABSCESS . • VITAL SIGNS MONITORING . • IV ADMINISTRATION OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY . • REGULAR CBC CHECKING . • COLD COMPRESS FOR FEVER . • ANALGESICS • PROTECTION FROM INFECTION • REDUCE ANXIETY AND STRESS • ANTACID • DIVERTIONAL THERAPY AND NUTRITION MANAGEMENT
- 29. DIAGNOSIS• IMPAIRED BREATHING PATTERN RELATED TO DYSPNEA AND COUGH AS EVIDENSED BY PRESENCE OF HEAVES AND LIFTS IN PATIENT . • ACUTE PAIN RELATED TO DISORDER OF SKIN AND MUSCLES INTEGRITY AS EVIDENCED BY PAIN SCALE . • FLUID VOLUME DEFICIT RELATED TO RESTRICTED FLUID INTAKE AS EVIDENCED BY PATIENT VERBALIZTION • RISK FOR INFECTION TO OPERATED WOUND AND BY INVASIVE PROCEDURE AS EVIDENCED BY OPEN CUTS AND INJURIES
- 30. HEALTH EDUCATION
- 31. SUMMARY