The document discusses cataloging and classification systems used for indigenous and non-Western materials. It describes Brian Deer Classification and First Nations Name Authority List systems for First Nations groups in Canada, challenges in marginalizing indigenous worldviews, and considerations for developing inclusive systems. For Native Americans, it mentions the American Indian Library Association and protocols for cooperation with Native communities. For Maori, it discusses the Maori Subject Headings system. It also outlines the Soviet classification system development and suppression of materials in Russia. For China, it discusses reconstruction of systems after historical periods of suppression and adoption of international standards.
A presentation given at the "Data Stewardship: Increasing the Integrity and Effectiveness of Science and Scholarship" Session on Friday, June 8 2012 at the IASSIT 2012 conference in Washington DC.
This presentation introduced data publishing, using a social science (archaeology) case study to explore editorial processes and dissemination outcomes that increasingly demand “Linked Data” capabilities.
Irish Studies - making library data work harderlisld
[Check out the notes for details] Explores how WorldCat can be interrogated to reveal interesting things about a subject domain - Irish Studies. Part one looks at a move to linked data, suggesting that this will better support research enquiries. Part two provides some simple examples of how bibliographic data can support 'distant reading', literary analysis at scale. The third section looks at the collective Irish Studies collection - how Irish Studies materials are distributed across library collections.
It was presented at the American Conference for Irish Studies, 1 April 2016, University of Notre Dame.
Open Context and Publishing to the Web of Data: Eric Kansa's LAWDI Presentationekansa
This presentation discusses how a model of “data sharing as publishing” can contribute to developing Linked Open Data resources in archaeology and the study of the ancient world. The paper gives examples from Open Context’s developing approach to data editing, documentation and quality improvement processes. The goal of these efforts is to better align the professional interests of individual researchers with the needs of the larger community to access and use high-quality data in Linked Data scenarios.
Library futures: converging and diverging directions for public and academic ...lisld
The major influence on library futures is the changing character of their user communities. As patterns of research, learning and personal development change in a network environment so library services need to change. At the same time, libraries are focused on engaging with their communities more strongly - getting into their work and learning flows. This means that libraries are becoming more unlike each other, they are diverging as they meet the specific needs of their communities. Research libraries diverge from academic libraries, and each is different from urban public libraries, and so on.
At the same time, at a broader level libraries are experiencing similar pressures. The need to engage more strongly with their communities. The need to assess what they do. The need to configure space around experiences rather than around collections. Libraries are converging around some of these issues.
This presentation will consider the future of libraries from the point of view of convergence and divergence between types of libraries.
Brief overview of linked data and RDF followed by use in libraries and archives. Originally delivered at OLITA Digital Odyssey 2014. Revised for the OLA Superconference 2015
A presentation given at the "Data Stewardship: Increasing the Integrity and Effectiveness of Science and Scholarship" Session on Friday, June 8 2012 at the IASSIT 2012 conference in Washington DC.
This presentation introduced data publishing, using a social science (archaeology) case study to explore editorial processes and dissemination outcomes that increasingly demand “Linked Data” capabilities.
Irish Studies - making library data work harderlisld
[Check out the notes for details] Explores how WorldCat can be interrogated to reveal interesting things about a subject domain - Irish Studies. Part one looks at a move to linked data, suggesting that this will better support research enquiries. Part two provides some simple examples of how bibliographic data can support 'distant reading', literary analysis at scale. The third section looks at the collective Irish Studies collection - how Irish Studies materials are distributed across library collections.
It was presented at the American Conference for Irish Studies, 1 April 2016, University of Notre Dame.
Open Context and Publishing to the Web of Data: Eric Kansa's LAWDI Presentationekansa
This presentation discusses how a model of “data sharing as publishing” can contribute to developing Linked Open Data resources in archaeology and the study of the ancient world. The paper gives examples from Open Context’s developing approach to data editing, documentation and quality improvement processes. The goal of these efforts is to better align the professional interests of individual researchers with the needs of the larger community to access and use high-quality data in Linked Data scenarios.
Library futures: converging and diverging directions for public and academic ...lisld
The major influence on library futures is the changing character of their user communities. As patterns of research, learning and personal development change in a network environment so library services need to change. At the same time, libraries are focused on engaging with their communities more strongly - getting into their work and learning flows. This means that libraries are becoming more unlike each other, they are diverging as they meet the specific needs of their communities. Research libraries diverge from academic libraries, and each is different from urban public libraries, and so on.
At the same time, at a broader level libraries are experiencing similar pressures. The need to engage more strongly with their communities. The need to assess what they do. The need to configure space around experiences rather than around collections. Libraries are converging around some of these issues.
This presentation will consider the future of libraries from the point of view of convergence and divergence between types of libraries.
Brief overview of linked data and RDF followed by use in libraries and archives. Originally delivered at OLITA Digital Odyssey 2014. Revised for the OLA Superconference 2015
Charleston 2012 - The Future of Serials in a Linked Data WorldProQuest
The educational objective of this session is to review today’s MARC-based environment in which the serial record predominates, and compare that with what might be possible in a future world of linked data. The session will inspire conversation and reflection on a number of questions. What will a world of statement-based rather than record-based metadata look like? What will a new environment mean for library systems, workflows, and information dissemination?
Thinking of Linking: A random series of ideas, concepts, Platonic ideals, a y...Martin Kalfatovic
Thinking of Linking: A random series of ideas, concepts, Platonic ideals, a yeoman's miscellany, and nonesuch guide to Linked Data, especially as it relates to libraries, archives, and museums. Martin R. Kalfatovic. American Library Association Annual Meeting. Anaheim, CA. 23 June 2012.
Unlocking Taxonomic Literature II using Linked Open DataJoel Richard
The Smithsonian Libraries has digitized Taxonomic Literature II, an essential research tool for Botanists. This presentation, with audio, starts with a description of Linked Data, a history of TL-2 and some of the methods and challenges we are encountering as we convert it to an digital version and Linked Open Data.
Presented at the Northern Ohio Technical Services Librarians' meeting, November 22, 2013. Describes why libraries should move toward a linked data future to enable their resources to be discoverable on the open web, and includes lessons learned from developing the eXtensible Catalog at the University of Rochester.
Thinking of Linking: A random series of ideas, concepts, Platonic ideals, a yeoman's miscellany, and nonesuch guide to Linked Data, especially as it relates to libraries, archives, and museums. American Association of Museums Meeting. Minneapolis, MN. 2 May 2012.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
3. Indigenous Cataloging & Classification
First Nations - Elizabeth McDonald
Brian Deer Classification System:
expresses important
relationships between tribal
groups and concepts by location
First Nations Name Authority
List: identifies groups by the
names they have given
themselves
Canadian Subject Headings: kept
“Indians of North America” in
favor of revising headings for
specific peoples
Native Americans – Michelle Magnotta
American Indian Library
Association (AILA): spreads
information about Native
American culture, language,
values and information needs in
the library community.
The Museum System (TMS):
collection management
program used in museums, such
as the Metropolitan Museum of
Art.
Protocols: outline different
opportunities for organizations
to cooperate with Native
communities.
Maori - Kerri Rose
Maori Subject
Headings:
developed to
help Maori
library user
by creating a
system that
is relevant to
Challenges:
1)Marginalization of indigenous peoples
2)Difference in worldview - linguistic/cultural
barriers
3)Separation of materials from their creators
4)The myth of universality
Considerations:
1)Don’t Assume
2)Incorporate indigenous perspective and involve
indigenous individuals
3)Original System vs. Adaptation of Existing System
4)Indigenous People are Not Static
LIS 653-02 Spring 2014
Dr. C. Pattuelli Pratt
Institute
4.
5. Non-Western Cataloging
Corina Bardoff, Phillip Cunningham, Lillian Lai
In 1917, more than 70% of Russia’s population
between age nine and 49 was illiterate. There was
little formal training for librarians, and there were no
common bibliographic standards.
Soviet Classification Tables 1933 & 1946
Spring 2014: LIS 653-02
Cataloging Non-Western Items
When a catalogers encounters items in a non-
western language, what do? Stick with that you
know – fluency or familiarity with the language
of the item being cataloged is best practice.
Copy Cataloging from Arabic to English.
Connexion & Disconnection
Through OCLC’s Connexion, a cataloger will
have assistance with various non-western scripts
and languages. The most common one would
encounter are already included.
Worldcat FirstSearch can search for the same
item whether it is input as non-Latin script or its
romanized equivalent. Records can be created in
original script and found using Latin script
because the fields are paired under the same tag
number.
Transliteration tools within Connexion can
automatically transliterate romanized Arabic into
Arabic script, or romanized Farsi (Parsi) into
Arabic script for the Persian language.
OCLC offers a free tutorial on non-Latin script
cataloging within Connexion (~25 minutes).
Regular purges rid catalogs of cards for the “harmful”
and “obsolete” works that might “mislead” readers.
Catalogs were reduced in size by half.
Libraries maintained separate “official catalogs” for
librarians and authorized researchers only.
The Bolsheviks promised vast changes to the
Russian public including 100% literacy and universal
education. The Bolsheviks saw libraries as the
most efficient means to bring books to the
masses; books would inject the masses with the
political consciousness necessary to build the
Communist world they wanted.
Universal Decimal Classification was seen as the
best, but it was also criticized as a “bourgeois,
capitalist system filled with the biases and ideas
of Western imperialist society.”
Soviet Classification & Cataloging
Decimal Classification in the USSR
Massam Ne Davat’ – Not For the Masses
“Experience has taught Soviet librarians to
abstain from any initiative” (Baumanis and
Rogers, 1958)
China has undergone periods of suppression of
intellectual thinking and book burning for unification.
Two notable eras was the Qin Dynasty and the
Cultural Revolution. The reconstructions eras after
the two periods made great efforts in repairing
books and their cataloging systems.
China began to reform their library catalogs by
studying international cataloging standards. A few to
name were Descriptive Cataloging Rules for Western
Language Materials (aligned with AACR2), CNMARC,
and USMARC.
China began to adopt foreign library systems for
their collections, which left Chinese libraries still
divided. In 1998, CALIS (China Academic Library and
Information System) was formed to cater to the
academic library community. CALIS connected
libraries together by sharing databases and academic
papers with each other to become more efficient
(Zhu, 2003, p.400).
In Han Dynasty, the emperor ordered Liu Xiang
and later on, his son, Liu Xin, to repair and organize
the damaged books. They created a bibliography, Qi
Lue, to organize the final selection of 13,000 volumes.
Qi Lue served as the foundation for the future of
Chinese classification systems. Qi Lue’s six sections
evolved into four divisions, which then became the Si
Ku Classification.
Reconstructing China’s Libraries
After Qin Dynasty
After the Cultural Revolution
6. Linked Open Data for library users
Linked Open
Data
Carlos Acevedo
Michael Benowitz
Lauren Restivo
References
Berners-Lee, T. (2006). Linked Data - Design Issues. Retrieved from http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html ; W3C (2014). RDF 1.1 Primer. Retrieved from http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-primer-20140225/;
Tim Berners-Lee’s Four Principles:
•Use Uniform Resource Identifiers
(URIs) to identify things
•Use HTTP URIs (web addresses) to
make them findable
•Provide useful information on these
pages, including the standards used
•Provide further URI links
(Berners-Lee, 2006)
Resource Description Framework (RDF) & the RDF Triple
RDF is a recommendation published by the W3C as a “framework for expressing information about
resources,” (W3C, 2014) utilizing the RDF triple to do so. This takes the form of:
Subject Predicate Object
This model describes the subject through relationships to certain descriptors, and allows for these
relationships to be intelligible to computers. These relationships can then be “linked” to allow for
networks of information to be created across the internet.
Source: W3C RDF Primer 1.1:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-primer-20140225/
Core Concepts & Terms
SPARQL: SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language. Allows users to access and manipulate data in RDF
formats
RDF Namespaces: Terms used in the predicate of a triple to define a relationship. Generally drawn
from one of hundreds of value vocabularies. Always appears as a URI.
RDF Syntax: The method of encoding RDF data for access. Several standardized syntaxes have
been adopted, most notably RDF/XML, Turtle, JSON & N-Triples
Legal Interoperability of Bibliographic Data
Put bibliographic data on the web with an open license
Make available as structured data
Use non-proprietary formats
Use URIs to identify your data
Link your data with other data to build relationships
DATA COMMODITY
Open Licenses
Open Data Commons
•Open Data Commons Attribution
License
•Open Data Commons Open
Database License
•Open Data Commons Public
Domain Dedication and License
Creative Commons
•Six varying levels of attribution
licenses
•Creative Commons Universal Public
Domain Dedication (CC0)
• Linked open data finds its roots in the Semantic Web, which integrates common formats with
standard language, allowing a user to move through an infinite set of databases connected by
their relatedness to one another.
• Current linked open data models include the Library of Congress BIBFRAME (represented by the
map to the left) and DBpedia (represented by the entry on the right).
• One of the biggest technical challenges facing linked open data initiatives is migrating
bibliographic data from MARC 21 records into linked data models.
• Libraries, archives, and museums can support linked open data by:
• building vocabularies and ontologies that focus on structural metadata,
• making collections available digitally through the use of Semantic Web technologies,
• and by advocating for public support and funding of increased access to information.
7. Linked Open Data for library users
Linked Open
Data
Carlos Acevedo
Michael Benowitz
Lauren Restivo
References
Berners-Lee, T. (2006). Linked Data - Design Issues. Retrieved from http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html ; W3C (2014). RDF 1.1 Primer. Retrieved from http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-primer-20140225/;
Tim Berners-Lee’s Four Principles:
•Use Uniform Resource Identifiers
(URIs) to identify things
•Use HTTP URIs (web addresses) to
make them findable
•Provide useful information on these
pages, including the standards used
•Provide further URI links
(Berners-Lee, 2006)
Resource Description Framework (RDF) & the RDF Triple
RDF is a recommendation published by the W3C as a “framework for expressing information about
resources,” (W3C, 2014) utilizing the RDF triple to do so. This takes the form of:
Subject Predicate Object
This model describes the subject through relationships to certain descriptors, and allows for these
relationships to be intelligible to computers. These relationships can then be “linked” to allow for
networks of information to be created across the internet.
Source: W3C RDF Primer 1.1:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-primer-20140225/
Core Concepts & Terms
SPARQL: SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language. Allows users to access and manipulate data in RDF
formats
RDF Namespaces: Terms used in the predicate of a triple to define a relationship. Generally drawn
from one of hundreds of value vocabularies. Always appears as a URI.
RDF Syntax: The method of encoding RDF data for access. Several standardized syntaxes have
been adopted, most notably RDF/XML, Turtle, JSON & N-Triples
Legal Interoperability of Bibliographic Data
Put bibliographic data on the web with an open license
Make available as structured data
Use non-proprietary formats
Use URIs to identify your data
Link your data with other data to build relationships
DATA COMMODITY
Open Licenses
Open Data Commons
•Open Data Commons Attribution
License
•Open Data Commons Open
Database License
•Open Data Commons Public
Domain Dedication and License
Creative Commons
•Six varying levels of attribution
licenses
•Creative Commons Universal Public
Domain Dedication (CC0)
• Linked open data finds its roots in the Semantic Web, which integrates common formats with
standard language, allowing a user to move through an infinite set of databases connected by
their relatedness to one another.
• Current linked open data models include the Library of Congress BIBFRAME (represented by the
map to the left) and DBpedia (represented by the entry on the right).
• One of the biggest technical challenges facing linked open data initiatives is migrating
bibliographic data from MARC 21 records into linked data models.
• Libraries, archives, and museums can support linked open data by:
• building vocabularies and ontologies that focus on structural metadata,
• making collections available digitally through the use of Semantic Web technologies,
• and by advocating for public support and funding of increased access to information.
