Linearization of Thermo-Viscous Fluid in a Porous Slab Bounded Between two Fixed Permeable Horizontal Parallel Plates in the Absence of Thermo-Mechanical Interaction Coefficient
In this paper the problem of the steady flow of a second order thermo-viscous fluid
through a porous slab bounded between two fixed permeable parallel plates is examined. There is a
constant injection at one plate and equal suction at the other plate. The two plates are kept at two
different temperatures and the flow is generated by a constant pressure gradient. The solutions of
governing equations of the flow with appropriate boundary conditions have been obtained
analytically.
STEADY FLOW OF A VISCOUS FLUID THROUGH A SATURATED POROUS MEDIUM AT A CONSTAN...Journal For Research
In this paper the Steady flow of a viscous fluid through a porous medium over a fixed horizontal, impermeable and thermally insulated bottom. The flow through the porous medium satisfies the general momentum and energy equations are obtained when the temperature on the fixed bottom and on free surface prescibed. By using Galerkin Method, the expression for Velocity and Drag force are obtained. The Galerkin Method endowed with distinct features that account for its superiority over competing methods. The effect of different parameters on Velocity and Drag force are discussed with the help of graphs.
MHD convection flow of viscous incompressible fluid over a stretched vertical...IJERA Editor
The effect of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and hall current of the MHD convection flow of the viscous incompressible fluid over a stretched vertical flat plate has been discussed by using regular perturbation and homotophy perturbation technique with similarity solutions. The influence of various physical parameters on velocity, cross flow velocity and temperature of fluid has been obtained numerically and through graphs.
Radiation Effects on MHD Free Convective Rotating Flow with Hall EffectsIJERA Editor
In this paper, we have studied the unsteady an incompressible MHD rotating free convection flow of Viscoelastic fluid through a porous medium with simultaneous heat and mass transfer near an infinite vertical oscillating porous plate under the influence of uniform transverse magnetic field. The governing equations of the flow field are solved by a regular perturbation method for small elastic parameter. The expressions for the velocity, temperature, concentration have been derived analytically and also its behaviour is computationally discussed with reference to different flow parameters with the help of graphs. The skin friction, the Nusselt number and the Sherwood number are also obtained and their behaviour discussed.
Fluid Mechanics Chapter 4. Differential relations for a fluid flowAddisu Dagne Zegeye
Introduction, Acceleration field, Conservation of mass equation, Linear momentum equation, Energy equation, Boundary condition, Stream function, Vorticity and Irrotationality
STEADY FLOW OF A VISCOUS FLUID THROUGH A SATURATED POROUS MEDIUM AT A CONSTAN...Journal For Research
In this paper the Steady flow of a viscous fluid through a porous medium over a fixed horizontal, impermeable and thermally insulated bottom. The flow through the porous medium satisfies the general momentum and energy equations are obtained when the temperature on the fixed bottom and on free surface prescibed. By using Galerkin Method, the expression for Velocity and Drag force are obtained. The Galerkin Method endowed with distinct features that account for its superiority over competing methods. The effect of different parameters on Velocity and Drag force are discussed with the help of graphs.
MHD convection flow of viscous incompressible fluid over a stretched vertical...IJERA Editor
The effect of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and hall current of the MHD convection flow of the viscous incompressible fluid over a stretched vertical flat plate has been discussed by using regular perturbation and homotophy perturbation technique with similarity solutions. The influence of various physical parameters on velocity, cross flow velocity and temperature of fluid has been obtained numerically and through graphs.
Radiation Effects on MHD Free Convective Rotating Flow with Hall EffectsIJERA Editor
In this paper, we have studied the unsteady an incompressible MHD rotating free convection flow of Viscoelastic fluid through a porous medium with simultaneous heat and mass transfer near an infinite vertical oscillating porous plate under the influence of uniform transverse magnetic field. The governing equations of the flow field are solved by a regular perturbation method for small elastic parameter. The expressions for the velocity, temperature, concentration have been derived analytically and also its behaviour is computationally discussed with reference to different flow parameters with the help of graphs. The skin friction, the Nusselt number and the Sherwood number are also obtained and their behaviour discussed.
Fluid Mechanics Chapter 4. Differential relations for a fluid flowAddisu Dagne Zegeye
Introduction, Acceleration field, Conservation of mass equation, Linear momentum equation, Energy equation, Boundary condition, Stream function, Vorticity and Irrotationality
MHD CASSON FLUID FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER WITH PST AND PHF HEATING CONDITIONS D...IAEME Publication
In the present paper two-dimensional flow of non-Newtonian MHD flow of Casson fluid heat transfer with PST & PHF is considered. Using Nevier Stoke’s Equations of Motion the momentum and energy equations of Casson fluid are derived. These governing equations of motion and temperature are non-linear partial differential equations which are tedious to solve as they are, hence these partial differential equations are converted into Ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. These ODE’s are then solved numerically by the efficient Runge Kutta Fehlberg method. Effects of various governing parameters on the flow and heat transfer profiles are analyzed. Further the numerical Values of Wall temperature and Wall temperature Profiles are calculated and discussed in detail through graphs in both the cases of PST and PHF.
Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flows and Their Applicationsijtsrd
In this paper a detailed study is presented on magnetohydrodynamic fluid flows with their basic governing equations. Basic concept of magnetohydrodynamic is discussed in detail. The results of various problems done by researchers are presented and addressed properly. The various applications of magnetohydrodynamic fluid flows have been presented. Dr. Vishal Saxena ""Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flows and Their Applications"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29931.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathematics/29931/study-of-magnetohydrodynamic-fluid-flows-and-their-applications/dr-vishal-saxena
The Effect of Hall Current on an Unsteady MHD Free Convective Flow along a Ve...iosrjce
In this paper we investigate the effect of hall current on an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic free
convective flow along a vertical porous plate with thermal radiation. The dimensionless governing coupled,
non-linear boundary layer partial differential equations are solved by an efficient finite element method for
velocity, temperature, concentration field and also the expression for shearing stress, Nusselt number and
Sherwood number are obtained. The effect of thermal Grashof Number, solutal Grashof Number, Transpiration
cooling parameter, Prandtl Number, Schmidt Number, Hartmann number, Thermal radiation parameter, Eckert
number and Hall parameter on the flow field are shown through graphs and tables.
Soret Effect And Effect Of Radiation On Transient Mhd Free Convective Flow Ov...inventionjournals
The present paper is concerned to analyze the radiation, Magneto hydrodynamic and soret effects on unsteady flow heat and mass transfer characteristics in a viscous, incompressible and electrically conduction fluid over a semi-infinite vertical porous plate through porous media the porous plate is subjected to a transverse variable suction velocity. The transient, non linear and coupled dimensionless governing equations for this investigation are solved analytically using perturbation technique about a small parameter . the effects of governing parameters on the flow variables are discussed graphically.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and TechnologyIJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Comparison of flow analysis of a sudden and gradual change of pipe diameter u...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper describes an analytical approach to describe the areas where Pipes (used for flow of fluids) are mostly susceptible to damage and tries to visualize the flow behaviour in various geometric conditions of a pipe. Fluent software was used to plot the characteristics of the flow and gambit software was used to design the 2D model. Two phase Computational fluid dynamics calculations, using K-epsilon model were employed. This simulation gives the values of pressure and velocity contours at various sections of the pipe in which water as a media. A comparison was made with the sudden and gradual change of pipe diameter (i.e., expansion and contraction of the pipe). The numerical results were validated against experimental data from the literature and were found to be in good agreement. Index Terms: gambit, fluent software.
A NUMERICAL STUDY OF HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOW IN A BANK OF TUBES WITH INT...IAEME Publication
The present work represents a two-dimensional steady state numerical investigation of heat transfer and hydrodynamic characteristics of air flow across a 3 rows of circular tube banks in triangular arrangement with triangular wake splitters placed on each tube with downstream direction (wake region). The effects of Reynolds number (from 5000 to 15000), the length of splitter are 0.5D, 1.0D, and 1.5D times of tube diameter. The study focuses on the Influence of the different
parameters of splitters on heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of three rows tube banks. The characteristics of total heat transfer per area for each tube with and without splitter and total pressure drop are studied numerically by the aid of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) commercial code of FLUENT 6.3.
Thermohydraulic Performance of a Series of In-Line Noncircular Ducts in a Par...Carnegie Mellon University
Heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics for two-dimensional laminar flow at low Reynolds number for five in-line ducts of
various nonconventional cross-sections in a parallel plate channel are studied in this paper.The governing equations were solved
using finite-volumemethod.CommercialCFDsoftware,ANSYS Fluent 14.5,was used to solve this problem.Atotal of three different
nonconventional, noncircular cross-section ducts and their characteristics are compared with those of circular cross-section ducts.
Shape-2 ducts offered minimum flow resistance and maximum heat transfer rate most of the time. Shape-3 ducts at Re < 100 and Shape-2 ducts at Re > 100 can be considered to give out the optimum results.
Effect of Radiation and Thermo-Diffusion on Convective Heat and Mass Transfer...inventionjournals
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Natural convection heat transfer oscillatory flow of an elastico viscous flui...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
MHD CASSON FLUID FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER WITH PST AND PHF HEATING CONDITIONS D...IAEME Publication
In the present paper two-dimensional flow of non-Newtonian MHD flow of Casson fluid heat transfer with PST & PHF is considered. Using Nevier Stoke’s Equations of Motion the momentum and energy equations of Casson fluid are derived. These governing equations of motion and temperature are non-linear partial differential equations which are tedious to solve as they are, hence these partial differential equations are converted into Ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. These ODE’s are then solved numerically by the efficient Runge Kutta Fehlberg method. Effects of various governing parameters on the flow and heat transfer profiles are analyzed. Further the numerical Values of Wall temperature and Wall temperature Profiles are calculated and discussed in detail through graphs in both the cases of PST and PHF.
Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flows and Their Applicationsijtsrd
In this paper a detailed study is presented on magnetohydrodynamic fluid flows with their basic governing equations. Basic concept of magnetohydrodynamic is discussed in detail. The results of various problems done by researchers are presented and addressed properly. The various applications of magnetohydrodynamic fluid flows have been presented. Dr. Vishal Saxena ""Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flows and Their Applications"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29931.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathematics/29931/study-of-magnetohydrodynamic-fluid-flows-and-their-applications/dr-vishal-saxena
The Effect of Hall Current on an Unsteady MHD Free Convective Flow along a Ve...iosrjce
In this paper we investigate the effect of hall current on an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic free
convective flow along a vertical porous plate with thermal radiation. The dimensionless governing coupled,
non-linear boundary layer partial differential equations are solved by an efficient finite element method for
velocity, temperature, concentration field and also the expression for shearing stress, Nusselt number and
Sherwood number are obtained. The effect of thermal Grashof Number, solutal Grashof Number, Transpiration
cooling parameter, Prandtl Number, Schmidt Number, Hartmann number, Thermal radiation parameter, Eckert
number and Hall parameter on the flow field are shown through graphs and tables.
Soret Effect And Effect Of Radiation On Transient Mhd Free Convective Flow Ov...inventionjournals
The present paper is concerned to analyze the radiation, Magneto hydrodynamic and soret effects on unsteady flow heat and mass transfer characteristics in a viscous, incompressible and electrically conduction fluid over a semi-infinite vertical porous plate through porous media the porous plate is subjected to a transverse variable suction velocity. The transient, non linear and coupled dimensionless governing equations for this investigation are solved analytically using perturbation technique about a small parameter . the effects of governing parameters on the flow variables are discussed graphically.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and TechnologyIJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Comparison of flow analysis of a sudden and gradual change of pipe diameter u...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper describes an analytical approach to describe the areas where Pipes (used for flow of fluids) are mostly susceptible to damage and tries to visualize the flow behaviour in various geometric conditions of a pipe. Fluent software was used to plot the characteristics of the flow and gambit software was used to design the 2D model. Two phase Computational fluid dynamics calculations, using K-epsilon model were employed. This simulation gives the values of pressure and velocity contours at various sections of the pipe in which water as a media. A comparison was made with the sudden and gradual change of pipe diameter (i.e., expansion and contraction of the pipe). The numerical results were validated against experimental data from the literature and were found to be in good agreement. Index Terms: gambit, fluent software.
A NUMERICAL STUDY OF HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOW IN A BANK OF TUBES WITH INT...IAEME Publication
The present work represents a two-dimensional steady state numerical investigation of heat transfer and hydrodynamic characteristics of air flow across a 3 rows of circular tube banks in triangular arrangement with triangular wake splitters placed on each tube with downstream direction (wake region). The effects of Reynolds number (from 5000 to 15000), the length of splitter are 0.5D, 1.0D, and 1.5D times of tube diameter. The study focuses on the Influence of the different
parameters of splitters on heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of three rows tube banks. The characteristics of total heat transfer per area for each tube with and without splitter and total pressure drop are studied numerically by the aid of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) commercial code of FLUENT 6.3.
Thermohydraulic Performance of a Series of In-Line Noncircular Ducts in a Par...Carnegie Mellon University
Heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics for two-dimensional laminar flow at low Reynolds number for five in-line ducts of
various nonconventional cross-sections in a parallel plate channel are studied in this paper.The governing equations were solved
using finite-volumemethod.CommercialCFDsoftware,ANSYS Fluent 14.5,was used to solve this problem.Atotal of three different
nonconventional, noncircular cross-section ducts and their characteristics are compared with those of circular cross-section ducts.
Shape-2 ducts offered minimum flow resistance and maximum heat transfer rate most of the time. Shape-3 ducts at Re < 100 and Shape-2 ducts at Re > 100 can be considered to give out the optimum results.
A study-to-understand-differential-equations-applied-to-aerodynamics-using-cf...
Similar to Linearization of Thermo-Viscous Fluid in a Porous Slab Bounded Between two Fixed Permeable Horizontal Parallel Plates in the Absence of Thermo-Mechanical Interaction Coefficient
Effect of Radiation and Thermo-Diffusion on Convective Heat and Mass Transfer...inventionjournals
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Natural convection heat transfer oscillatory flow of an elastico viscous flui...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Natural convection heat transfer oscillatory flow of an elastico viscous flui...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper examines the problem of two dimensional unsteady free convection oscillatory flow of an Elastico-viscous fluid past an impulsively started infinite vertical plate with constant heat flux and heat generation. The flow is subjected to a constant suction. Using perturbation techniquethe expressions are obtained for velocity, temperature distribution and skin friction. The results obtained are discussed for various numerical values of the parameters entered into the equations governing the flow, with help of graphs.
Effects of Variable Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity on MHD free Convection...theijes
A steady two-dimensional MHD free convection and mass transfer flow past an inclined vertical surface in the presence of heat generation and a porous medium have been studied numerically when the fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity are assumed to be vary as inverse linear function of temperature. The governing partial differential equations are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations by introducing similarity transformations. The non-linear similarity equations are solved numerically by applying the Runge-Kutta method of fourth order with shooting technique. The numerical results are presented graphically to illustrate influence of different values of the parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles. Skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also completed and presented in tabular form.
Non-NewtonianFluid Flow and Heat Transfer over a Non- Linearly Stretching Sur...IJERA Editor
This paper investigates the MHD flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting non-newtonian power-law
fluid over a non-linearly stretching surface along with porous plate in porous medium. The governing equations
are reduced to non-linear ordinary differential equations by means of similarity transformations. These
equations are then solved numerically with the help ofRunge – Kutta shooting method. The effect of various
flow parameters in the form of dimensionless quantities on the flow field are discussed and presented
graphically.
TWO FLUID ELECTROMAGNETO CONVECTIVE FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER BETWEEN VERTICAL W...IAEME Publication
The mixture of viscous and magneto convective flow and heat transfer between a long vertical wavy wall and a parallel flat wall in the presence of applied electric field parallel to gravity , magnetic field normal to gravity in the presence of source or sink is investigated. The non-linear equations governing the flow are solved using the linearization technique. The effect of Grash of number and width ratio is to promote the flow for both open and short circuits. The effect of Hartmann number is to suppress the flow, the effect of source is to promote and the effect of sink is to suppress the velocity for open and short circuit s. Conducting ratio decreases the temperature where as width ratio increases the temperature.
Thermal Effects in Stokes’ Second Problem for Unsteady Second Grade Fluid Flo...IOSR Journals
In this paper, we investigated the effects of magnetic field and thermal in Stokes’ second problem for unsteady second grade fluid flow through a porous medium. The expressions for the velocity field and the temperature field are obtained analytically. The effects of various pertinent parameters on the velocity field and temperature field are studied through graphs in detail.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Numerical Simulation on Mixed Convection Flow within Triangular Enclosures Ha...IOSR Journals
This paper is conducted to investigate mixed convection flow within triangular enclosures having heatline concept. Here the left vertical wall which is moving from the bottom corner of the enclosure is also kept at a uniform constant cold temperature and the bottom wall is heat generating, while the other inclined wall is adiabatic. A finite element analysis is performed for solving the governing equations which are discretized by Galerkin weighted residual method of finite element formulation. The present numerical procedure adopted in this investigation yields consistent performance over a wide range of parameters Prandtl number, Pr (Pr = 0.71 - 6) varying Rayleigh number (Ra) from 103 to 104 while Reynolds number, Re (Re = 50) is fixed. The Result also indicates streamlines, isotherms, average Nusselt number along the hot wall, average temperature of the fluid in the enclosure. The computational results also indicate that the average Nusselt number at the hot wall of the Enclosure is depending on the dimensionless parameters.
Solution of MHD Effect on Transient Free Convection Flow past a Vertical Plat...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of physics and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in applied physics. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Numerical Analysis of heat transfer in a channel Wit in clined bafflesinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Effect of Chemical Reaction and Radiation Absorption on Unsteady Convective H...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Numerical study of heat transfer in pulsating turbulent air flowMohamed Fadl
A numerical investigation of heat transfer
characteristics of pulsating turbulent flow in a circular
tube is carried out. The flow is thermally and
hydrodynamically fully developed and the tube wall is
subjected to a uniform heat flux. The flow inlet to the
pipe consists of fixed component and pulsating
component that varies sinusoidally with time. The flow
and temperature fields are computed numerically using
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Fluent code.
Prediction of heat transfer characteristics is performed
over a range of 10 4 ≤ Re ≤ 4x10 4 and 0 ≤ ƒ ≤ 70 are
observed. Results showed little reduction in the mean
time-averaged Nusselt number with respect to that of
steady flow. However, in the fully developed
established region, the local Nusselt number either
increases or decreases over the steady flow-values
depending on the frequency parameter. These noticed
deviations are rather small in magnitude for the
computed parameter ranges. The characteristics of heat
transfer are qualitatively consistent with the available
experimental and numerical predictions.
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
Similar to Linearization of Thermo-Viscous Fluid in a Porous Slab Bounded Between two Fixed Permeable Horizontal Parallel Plates in the Absence of Thermo-Mechanical Interaction Coefficient (20)
A NEW DATA ENCODER AND DECODER SCHEME FOR NETWORK ON CHIPEditor IJMTER
System-on-chip (soc) based system has so many disadvantages in power-dissipation as
well as clock rate while the data transfer from one system to another system in on-chip. At the same
time, a higher operated system does not support the lower operated bus network for data transfer.
However an alternative scheme is proposed for high speed data transfer. But this scheme is limited to
SOCs. Unlike soc, network-on-chip (NOC) has so many advantages for data transfer. It has a special
feature to transfer the data in on-chip named as transitional encoder. Its operation is based on input
transitions. At the same time it supports systems which are higher operated frequencies. In this
project, a low-power encoding scheme is proposed. The proposed system yields lower dynamic
power dissipation due to the reduction of switching activity and coupling switching activity when
compared to existing system. Even-though many factors which is based on power dissipation, the
dynamic power dissipation is only considerable for reasonable advantage. The proposed system is
synthesized using quartus II 9.1 software. Besides, the proposed system will be extended up to
interlink PE communication with help of routers and PE’s which are performed by various
operations. To implement this system in real NOC’s contains the proposed encoders and decoders for
data transfer with regular traffic scenarios should be considered.
A RESEARCH - DEVELOP AN EFFICIENT ALGORITHM TO RECOGNIZE, SEPARATE AND COUNT ...Editor IJMTER
Coins are important part of our life. We use coins in a places like stores, banks, buses, trains
etc. So it becomes a basic need that coins can be sorted, counted automatically. For this, there is
necessary that the coins can be recognized automatically. Automated Coin Recognition System for the
Indian Coins of Rs. 1, 2, 5 and 10 with the rotation invariance. We have taken images from the both
sides of coin. So this system is capable to recognizing coins from both sides. Features are taken from the
images using techniques as a Hough Transformation, Pattern Averaging etc.
Analysis of VoIP Traffic in WiMAX EnvironmentEditor IJMTER
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is currently one of the
hottest technologies in wireless communication. It is a standard based on the IEEE 802.16 wireless
technology that provides a very high throughput broadband connections over long distances. In
parallel, Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a new technology which provides access to voice
communication over internet protocol and hence it is becomes an alternative to public switched
telephone networks (PSTN) due to its capability of transmission of voice as packets over IP
networks. A lot of research has been done in analyzing the performances of VoIP traffic over
WiMAX network. In this paper we review the analysis carried out by several authors for the most
common VoIP codec’s which are G.711, G.723.1 and G.729 over a WiMAX network using various
service classes. The objective is to compare the results for different types of service classes with
respect to the QoS parameters such as throughput, average delay and average jitter.
A Hybrid Cloud Approach for Secure Authorized De-DuplicationEditor IJMTER
The cloud backup is used for the personal storage of the people in terms of reducing the
mainlining process and managing the structure and storage space managing process. The challenging
process is the deduplication process in both the local and global backup de-duplications. In the prior
work they only provide the local storage de-duplication or vice versa global storage de-duplication in
terms of improving the storage capacity and the processing time. In this paper, the proposed system
is called as the ALG- Dedupe. It means the Application aware Local-Global Source De-duplication
proposed system to provide the efficient de-duplication process. It can provide the efficient deduplication process with the low system load, shortened backup window, and increased power
efficiency in the user’s personal storage. In the proposed system the large data is partitioned into
smaller part which is called as chunks of data. Here the data may contain the redundancy it will be
avoided before storing into the storage area.
Aging protocols that could incapacitate the InternetEditor IJMTER
The biggest threat to the Internet is the fact that it was never really designed. For e.g., the
BGP protocol is used by Internet routers to exchange information about changes to the Internet's
network topologies. However, it also is among the most fundamentally broken; as Internet routing
information can be poisoned with bogus routing information. Instead, it evolved in fits and start,
thanks to various protocols that have been cobbled together to fulfill the needs of the moment. Few
of protocols from them were designed with security in mind. or if they were sported no more than
was needed to keep out a nosy neighbor, not a malicious attacker. The result is a welter of aging
protocols susceptible to exploit on an Internet scale. Here are six Internet protocols that could stand
to be replaced sooner rather than later or are (mercifully) on the way out.
A Cloud Computing design with Wireless Sensor Networks For Agricultural Appli...Editor IJMTER
The emergence of exactitude agriculture has been promoted by the numerous developments within
the field of wireless sensing element actor networks (WSAN). These WSANs offer important data
for gathering, work management, development of crops, and limitation of crop diseases. Goals of
this paper to introducing cloud computing as a brand new way (technique) to be utilized in addition
to WSANs to any enhance their application and benefits to the area of agriculture.
A CAR POOLING MODEL WITH CMGV AND CMGNV STOCHASTIC VEHICLE TRAVEL TIMESEditor IJMTER
Carpooling (also car-sharing, ride-sharing, lift-sharing), is the sharing of car journeys so
that more than one person travels in a car. It helps to resolve a variety of problems that continue to
plague urban areas, ranging from energy demands and traffic congestion to environmental pollution.
Most of the existing method used stochastic disturbances arising from variations in vehicle travel
times for carpooling. However it doesn’t deal with the unmet demand with uncertain demand of the
vehicle for car pooling. To deal with this the proposed system uses Chance constrained
formulation/Programming (CCP) approach of the problem with stochastic demand and travel time
parameters, under mild assumptions on the distribution of stochastic parameters; and relates it with a
robust optimization approach. Since real problem sizes can be large, it could be difficult to find
optimal solutions within a reasonable period of time. Therefore solution algorithm using tabu
heuristic solution approach is developed to solve the model. Therefore, we constructed a stochastic
carpooling model that considers the in- fluence of stochastic travel times. The model is formulated as
an integer multiple commodity network flow problem. Since real problem sizes can be large, it could
be difficult to find optimal solutions within a reasonable period of time.
Sustainable Construction With Foam Concrete As A Green Green Building MaterialEditor IJMTER
A green building is an environmentally sustainable building, designed, constructed and
operated to minimise the total environmental impacts. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary
greenhouse gas emitted through human activities. It is claimed that 5% of the world’s carbon dioxide
emission is attributed to cement industry, which is the vital constituent of concrete. Due to the
significant contribution to the environmental pollution, there is a need for finding an optimal solution
along with satisfying the civil construction needs. Apart from normal concrete bricks, a clay brick,
Foam concrete is a new innovative technology for sustainable building and civil construction which
fulfills the criteria of being a Green Material. This paper concludes that Foam Concrete can be an
effective sustainable material for construction and also focuses on the cost effectiveness in using
Foam Concrete as a building material in replacement with Clay Brick or other bricks.
USE OF ICT IN EDUCATION ONLINE COMPUTER BASED TESTEditor IJMTER
A good education system is required for overall prosperity of a nation. A tremendous
growth in the education sector had made the administration of education institutions complex. Any
researches reveal that the integration of ICT helps to reduce the complexity and enhance the overall
administration of education. This study has been undertaken to identify the various functional areas
to which ICT is deployed for information administration in education institutions and to find the
current extent of usage of ICT in all these functional areas pertaining to information administration.
The various factors that contribute to these functional areas were identified. A theoretical model was
derived and validated.
Textual Data Partitioning with Relationship and Discriminative AnalysisEditor IJMTER
Data partitioning methods are used to partition the data values with similarity. Similarity
measures are used to estimate transaction relationships. Hierarchical clustering model produces tree
structured results. Partitioned clustering produces results in grid format. Text documents are
unstructured data values with high dimensional attributes. Document clustering group ups unlabeled text
documents into meaningful clusters. Traditional clustering methods require cluster count (K) for the
document grouping process. Clustering accuracy degrades drastically with reference to the unsuitable
cluster count.
Textual data elements are divided into two types’ discriminative words and nondiscriminative
words. Only discriminative words are useful for grouping documents. The involvement of
nondiscriminative words confuses the clustering process and leads to poor clustering solution in return.
A variation inference algorithm is used to infer the document collection structure and partition of
document words at the same time. Dirichlet Process Mixture (DPM) model is used to partition
documents. DPM clustering model uses both the data likelihood and the clustering property of the
Dirichlet Process (DP). Dirichlet Process Mixture Model for Feature Partition (DPMFP) is used to
discover the latent cluster structure based on the DPM model. DPMFP clustering is performed without
requiring the number of clusters as input.
Document labels are used to estimate the discriminative word identification process. Concept
relationships are analyzed with Ontology support. Semantic weight model is used for the document
similarity analysis. The system improves the scalability with the support of labels and concept relations
for dimensionality reduction process.
Testing of Matrices Multiplication Methods on Different ProcessorsEditor IJMTER
There are many algorithms we found for matrices multiplication. Until now it has been
found that complexity of matrix multiplication is O(n3). Though Further research found that this
complexity can be decreased. This paper focus on the algorithm and its complexity of matrices
multiplication methods.
Malware is a worldwide pandemic. It is designed to damage computer systems without
the knowledge of the owner using the system. Software‟s from reputable vendors also contain
malicious code that affects the system or leaks information‟s to remote servers. Malware‟s includes
computer viruses, spyware, dishonest ad-ware, rootkits, Trojans, dialers etc. Malware detectors are
the primary tools in defense against malware. The quality of such a detector is determined by the
techniques it uses. It is therefore imperative that we study malware detection techniques and
understand their strengths and limitations. This survey examines different types of Malware and
malware detection methods.
SURVEY OF TRUST BASED BLUETOOTH AUTHENTICATION FOR MOBILE DEVICEEditor IJMTER
Practical requirements for securely demonstrating identities between two handheld
devices are an important concern. The adversary can inject a Man-In- The-Middle (MITM) attack to
intrude the protocol. Protocols that employ secret keys require the devices to share private
information in advance, in which it is not feasible in the above scenario. Apart from insecurely
typing passwords into handheld devices or comparing long hexadecimal keys displayed on the
devices’ screen, many other human-verifiable protocols have been proposed in the literature to solve
the problem. Unfortunately, most of these schemes are unsalable to more users. Even when there are
only three entities attempt to agree a session key, these protocols need to be rerun for three times.
So, in the existing method a bipartite and a tripartite authentication protocol is presented using a
temporary confidential channel. Besides, further extend the system into a transitive authentication
protocol that allows multiple handheld devices to establish a conference key securely and efficiently.
But this method detects only the outsider attacks. Method does not consider the insider attacks. So,
in the proposed method trust score based method is introduced which computes the trust values for
the nodes and provide the security. The trust score is computed has a positive influence on the
confidence with which an entity conducts transactions with that node. Network the behavior of the
node will be monitored periodically and its trust value is also updated .So depending on the behavior
of the node in the network trust relation will be established between two nodes.
GLAUCOMA is a chronic eye disease that can damage optic nerve. According to WHO It
is the second leading cause of blindness, and is predicted to affect around 80 million people by 2020.
Development of the disease leads to loss of vision, which occurs increasingly over a long period of
time. As the symptoms only occur when the disease is quite advanced so that glaucoma is called the
silent thief of sight. Glaucoma cannot be cured, but its development can be slowed down by
treatment. Therefore, detecting glaucoma in time is critical. However, many glaucoma patients are
unaware of the disease until it has reached its advanced stage. In this paper, some manual and
automatic methods are discussed to detect glaucoma. Manual analysis of the eye is time consuming
and the accuracy of the parameter measurements also varies with different clinicians. To overcome
these problems with manual analysis, the objective of this survey is to introduce a method to
automatically analyze the ultrasound images of the eye. Automatic analysis of this disease is much
more effective than manual analysis.
Survey: Multipath routing for Wireless Sensor NetworkEditor IJMTER
Reliability is playing very vital role in some application of Wireless Sensor Networks
and multipath routing is one of the ways to increase the probability of reliability. More over energy
consumption is constraint. In this paper, we provide a survey of the state-of-the-art of proposed
multipath routing algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks. We study the design, analyze the tradeoff
of each design, and overview several presenting algorithms.
Step up DC-DC Impedance source network based PMDC Motor DriveEditor IJMTER
This paper is devoted to the Quasi Z source network based DC Drive. The cascaded
(two-stage) Quasi Z Source network could be derived by the adding of one diode, one inductor,
and two capacitors to the traditional quasi-Z-source inverter The proposed cascaded qZSI inherits all
the advantages of the traditional solution (voltage boost and buck functions in a single stage,
continuous input current, and improved reliability). Moreover, as compared to the conventional qZSI,
the proposed solution reduces the shoot-through duty cycle by over 30% at the same voltage boost
factor. Theoretical analysis of the two-stage qZSI in the shoot-through and non-shoot-through
operating modes is described. The proposed and traditional qZSI-networks are compared. A
prototype of a Quasi Z Source network based DC Drive was built to verify the theoretical
assumptions. The experimental results are presented and analyzed.
SPIRITUAL PERSPECTIVE OF AUROBINDO GHOSH’S PHILOSOPHY IN TODAY’S EDUCATIONEditor IJMTER
The paper reflects the spiritual philosophy of Aurobindo Ghosh which is helpful in today’s
education. In 19th century he wrote about spirituality, in accordance with that it is a core and vital part
of today’s education. It is very much essential for today’s kid. Here I propose the overview of that
philosophy.At the utmost regeneration of those values in today’s generation is the great deal with
education system. To develop the values and spiritual education in the youngers is the great moto of
mine. It is the materialistic world and without value redefinition among them is the harder task but not
difficult.
Software Quality Analysis Using Mutation Testing SchemeEditor IJMTER
The software test coverage is used measure the safety measures. The safety critical analysis is
carried out for the source code designed in Java language. Testing provides a primary means for
assuring software in safety-critical systems. To demonstrate, particularly to a certification authority, that
sufficient testing has been performed, it is necessary to achieve the test coverage levels recommended or
mandated by safety standards and industry guidelines. Mutation testing provides an alternative or
complementary method of measuring test sufficiency, but has not been widely adopted in the safetycritical industry. The system provides an empirical evaluation of the application of mutation testing to
airborne software systems which have already satisfied the coverage requirements for certification.
The system mutation testing to safety-critical software developed using high-integrity subsets of
C and Ada, identify the most effective mutant types and analyze the root causes of failures in test cases.
Mutation testing could be effective where traditional structural coverage analysis and manual peer
review have failed. They also show that several testing issues have origins beyond the test activity and
this suggests improvements to the requirements definition and coding process. The system also
examines the relationship between program characteristics and mutation survival and considers how
program size can provide a means for targeting test areas most likely to have dormant faults. Industry
feedback is also provided, particularly on how mutation testing can be integrated into a typical
verification life cycle of airborne software. The system also covers the safety and criticality levels of
Java source code.
Software Defect Prediction Using Local and Global AnalysisEditor IJMTER
The software defect factors are used to measure the quality of the software. The software
effort estimation is used to measure the effort required for the software development process. The defect
factor makes an impact on the software development effort. Software development and cost factors are
also decided with reference to the defect and effort factors. The software defects are predicted with
reference to the module information. Module link information are used in the effort estimation process.
Data mining techniques are used in the software analysis process. Clustering techniques are used
in the property grouping process. Rule mining methods are used to learn rules from clustered data
values. The “WHERE” clustering scheme and “WHICH” rule mining scheme are used in the defect
prediction and effort estimation process. The system uses the module information for the defect
prediction and effort estimation process.
The proposed system is designed to improve the defect prediction and effort estimation process.
The Single Objective Genetic Algorithm (SOGA) is used in the clustering process. The rule learning
operations are carried out sing the Apriori algorithm. The system improves the cluster accuracy levels.
The defect prediction and effort estimation accuracy is also improved by the system. The system is
developed using the Java language and Oracle relation database environment.
Software Cost Estimation Using Clustering and Ranking SchemeEditor IJMTER
Software cost estimation is an important task in the software design and development process.
Planning and budgeting tasks are carried out with reference to the software cost values. A variety of
software properties are used in the cost estimation process. Hardware, products, technology and
methodology factors are used in the cost estimation process. The software cost estimation quality is
measured with reference to the accuracy levels.
Software cost estimation is carried out using three types of techniques. They are regression based
model, anology based model and machine learning model. Each model has a set of technique for the
software cost estimation process. 11 cost estimation techniques fewer than 3 different categories are
used in the system. The Attribute Relational File Format (ARFF) is used maintain the software product
property values. The ARFF file is used as the main input for the system.
The proposed system is designed to perform the clustering and ranking of software cost
estimation methods. Non overlapped clustering technique is enhanced with optimal centroid estimation
mechanism. The system improves the clustering and ranking process accuracy. The system produces
efficient ranking results on software cost estimation methods.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdf
Linearization of Thermo-Viscous Fluid in a Porous Slab Bounded Between two Fixed Permeable Horizontal Parallel Plates in the Absence of Thermo-Mechanical Interaction Coefficient
1. Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF): 1.711
International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering
and Research
www.ijmter.com
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 412
e-ISSN: 2349-9745
p-ISSN: 2393-8161
Linearization of Thermo-Viscous Fluid in a Porous Slab Bounded
Between two Fixed Permeable Horizontal Parallel Plates in the Absence
of Thermo-Mechanical Interaction Coefficient
N.Pothanna1
, Srinivas Joshi2
, P.Nageswara Rao3
, N.Ch. Pattabhi Ramacharyulu4
1,2,3
Department of Humanities and Science, VNR VJIET
4
Department of Mathematics(Rtd. Prof.),NITW
Abstract— In this paper the problem of the steady flow of a second order thermo-viscous fluid
through a porous slab bounded between two fixed permeable parallel plates is examined. There is a
constant injection at one plate and equal suction at the other plate. The two plates are kept at two
different temperatures and the flow is generated by a constant pressure gradient. The solutions of
governing equations of the flow with appropriate boundary conditions have been obtained
analytically.
Keywords- Darcy’s Porosity Parameter; Suction/Injection Parameter; Strain Thermal Conductivity
Coefficient.
I. INTRODUCTION
Considerable interest has been evinced in the recent years on the study of thermo-viscous flows
through porous media because of its natural occurrence and its importance in industrial geophysical
and medical applications. The flow of oils through porous rocks, the extraction of energy from geo-
thermal regions , the filtration of solids from liquids , the flow of liquids through ion-exchange beds,
cleaning of oil-spills are some of the areas in which flows through porous media are noticed. In the
physical world, the investigation of the flow of thermo-viscous fluid through a porous medium has
become an important topic due to the recovery of crude oil from the pores of reservoir rocks.
Henry Darcy observed that , the discharge rate of the fluid percolating in a porous medium is
proportional to the hydraulic head and inversely as the distance between the inlet and outlet i.e.
proportional to the pressure gradient. Darcy , based on the findings of a large number of flows
through porous media, proposed the empirical law known as Darcy’s law
PA
k
Q ∇−= .
*
µ
where Q is the total discharge of the fluid, *
k is the permeability of the medium, A is the cross-
sectional area to flow the fluid, µ is the viscosity of the fluid and P∇ is the pressure gradient in the
direction of the fluid flow. Dividing both sides of the above equation by the area then the above
equation becomes
=q P
k
∇−
µ
*
2. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 413
where q is known as Darcy’s fluid flux and we know that the fluid velocity( u ) is proportional to the
fluid flux ( q ) by the porosity( *
k ) , then
u
k
P *
µ
−=∇
The negative sign indicates that fluids flows from the region of high pressure to low pressure.
Koh and Eringin(1963) introduced the concept of thermo-viscous fluids which reflect the interaction
between thermal and mechanical responses in fluids in motion due to external influences. For such a
class of fluids, the stress-tensor ‘t ’ and heat flux bivector ‘h’ are postulated as polynomial functions
of the kinematic tensor, viz., the rate of deformation tensor ‘ d ’:
2/)( ,, ijjiij uud +=
and thermal gradient bivector ‘b’
kijkijb θ=∈
where iu is the th
i component of velocity and θ is the temperature field.
A second order theory of thermo-viscous fluids is characterized by the pair of thermo-mechanical
constitutive relations:
)(8
2
6
2
531 bddbbddIt −++++= ααααα and )(31 dbbdbh ++= ββ
with the constitutive parameters iα , iβ being polynomials in the invariants of d and b in which
the coefficients depend on density( ρ ) and temperature(θ ) only. The fluid is Stokesian when the
stress tensor depends only on the rate of deformation tensor and Fourier-heat-conducting when the
heat flux bivector depends only on the temperature gradient-vector, the constitutive coefficients 1α
and 3α may be identified as the fluid pressure and coefficient of viscosity respectively and 5α as
that of cross-viscosity.
The problem of thermo-viscous fluid flow between two non permeable fixed parallel plates was
examined by Pattabhi Ramacharyulu and Nageswar Rao(1969). The flow of thermo-viscous fluid
between two parallel plates in relative motion was examined earlier by Pattabhi Ramacharyulu and
Anuradha(2006). Nageswar Rao and Srinivas Joshi(2010) investigated the steady flow of thermo-
viscous fluid between two parallel porous plates in relative motion. Some visco-metric flows of
thermo-viscous fluids was studied by Kelly(1965). The problems on visco-elastic fluid flows was
examined by Longlois(1963) and Rivlin(1954). The works of Bear(1970), Beaver and Joseph(1967),
Preziosi and Farina(2002) and Yamamoto and Yoshida(1974) presents the flows through the porous
medium.
In all these papers the effects of various material parameters on the flows of thermo-viscous fluids
have been studied; the present paper deals to study the effects of various material parameters such as
porosity parameter, suction/injection parameter and strain thermal conductivity parameter in the
absence of thermo-mechanical stress interaction coefficient on the flows through a porous medium.
II. MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION
Consider the steady flow of a second order thermo-viscous fluid through a porous medium bounded
between two fixed permeable parallel plates. The flow is generated by a constant pressure gradient
in a direction parallel to the plates. Further, the plates are assumed to be permeable allowing a
3. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 414
constant injection at the lower plate and equal suction at the upper plate. Let 0v be the constant
Suction /injection velocity.
With reference to a coordinate system O(X,Y,Z) with origin on one of the plates, the X-axis in the
direction of the fluid flow, Y-axis perpendicular to the plates. The plates are represented by 0=y
and hy = . The two plates are maintained at constant temperatures 0θ and 1θ respectively.
Let the steady flow between the two permeable parallel plates is characterized by the velocity field [
)(yu , 0v , 0] and temperature field )(yθ . This choice of the velocity evidently satisfies the continuity
equation.
The basic equations characterizing the flow are the following:
Equation of motion in X-direction :
u
kyxy
u
y
u
v *2
2
62
2
0
µθθ
αµρ −
∂
∂
∂
∂
−
∂
∂
=
∂
∂
(1)
Equation of motion in Y-direction :
yc f
y
u
y
ρµ +
∂
∂
∂
∂
=
2
0 (2)
in the Z- direction :
zf
y
u
yy
ρ
θ
α +
∂
∂
∂
∂
∂
∂
= 80 (3)
and the energy equation:
2
*2
2
32
2
6
2
0 u
ky
u
xy
k
yy
u
xy
u
y
v
x
uc
µθ
β
θθθ
αµ
θθ
ρ −
∂
∂
∂
∂
+
∂
∂
+
∂
∂
∂
∂
∂
∂
−
∂
∂
=
∂
∂
+
∂
∂
(4)
The boundary conditions are :
0=u , 0θθ = at 0=y and
0=u , 1θθ = at hy = (5)
4. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 415
III. SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM
The following non-dimensional quantities are introduced to convert the above basic equations to the
non-dimensional form.
h
y
Y = , u
h
U
µ
ρ
= ,
h
u
ρ
µ
=0 , 00 u
h
U
µ
ρ
= ,
01
0
θθ
θθ
−
−
=T ,
x
h
C
∂
∂
−
=
θ
θθ 01
2 , *
2
k
h
S = , 00 v
h
V
µ
ρ
= ,
k
c
pr
µ
= ,
ch
b 2
3
3
ρ
β
= , 2
2
016
6
)(
µ
θθρα −
=a and
)( 01
2
2
1
θθρ
µ
−
=
ch
a .
where
∂
∂
−
=
x
h
C
θ
θθ 01
2 are non-dimensional temperature gradient which is assumed to be
constant. Further , S is the non-dimensional Darcy’s porosity parameter and 0V is the non-
dimensional Suction/injection parameter.
Further, the interaction between the mechanical stress and thermal gradients (characterized by the
coefficient 6a ) is neglected (i.e. the terms containing the coefficient of 6a in momentum and energy
balance equation are neglected). The equation of motion in the X-direction becomes linear by
neglecting the thermo-mechanical stress interaction coefficient( 6a ) . The variations of the velocity
and the temperature distributions with different values of material parameters such as Strain thermal
conductivity coefficient( 3b ), Darcy’s porosity parameter(S) and Suction/injection parameter )( 0V
have been discussed with the help of illustrations.
The equation of momentum and energy in terms of the above non-dimensional quantities now reduce
to the following:
Equation of motion in X-direction:
SU
dY
Ud
C
dY
dU
V −+−= 2
2
10 (6)
and the energy equation :
2
2
2
2
23
2
2
102
1
SU-
dY
Td
pdY
Ud
Cb
dY
dU
a
dY
dT
VUC
r
++
=+ (7)
together with the boundary conditions :
0)0( =U , 0)1( =U (8)
and
0)0( =T , 1)1( =T (9)
The equation (6) and the boundary conditions in (8) yields the velocity distribution
{ }222
)1(
2
1
sinh)1(sinhsinh
sinh
)( 11
mYmeYme
mS
C
YU YmYm
−−−= −
(10)
The equations (7), (10) and the boundary conditions in (9) yields the temperature distribution
5. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 416
{ }
( )
( )
( )
( )
−−
−+−
−−−−
−−
−
−−
−+−
−−++
−+
−
−−
−+−
−−−−
−−−
+
−−
−+−
−−++
+−−
+
−−−+−
−−
−−
−
−
−
−
−
+
−
=
−
−
+
+
−
−
+
+
)1(
)()1(
)1]()(2)[((2
)(
)1(
)()1(
)1]()(2)[((2
)(
)1(
)()1(
)1)()((
)(2
)1(
)()1(
)1)()((
)(2
)1()()1(
)1)(2(
)(
)(
1
1
1)(
)(
)21(2
)21(2
2121
2
21
2
1
)21(2
)21(2
2121
2
21
2
1
)21(
21
2121
2
2123112
)21(
21
2121
2
2123112
1212
11
2
2
2
11
21112111
mYmm
mmYmYmm
m
mYmm
mmYmYmm
m
mYmm
mmYmYmm
m
mYmm
mmYmYmm
m
mYmmmYmYm
m
m
mY
ee
eeee
emmmmm
SmmBa
ee
eeee
emmmmm
SmmAa
ee
eeee
emmmmm
mmCbCaCB
ee
eeee
emmmmm
mmCbCaCA
eeeeee
emmm
SmmABa
mS
CCaC
e
e
mS
CCaYC
YT
The Shear Stress :
−+
−−+
=
−
)]1(sinh
)1(cosh[]sinhcosh[
sinh 21
22
1
2122
)1(1
2
1
Ymm
YmmeYmmYmme
mS
C
dY
dU YmYm
The Shear Stress on the Lower plate :
{ }212
1
2
2
1
)0( sinh)cosh(
sinh
| mmmem
mS
C
dY
dU m
Y −−= −
=
The Shear Stress on the upper plate :
{ })cosh(sinh
sinh
| 2
1
221
2
1
)1( memmm
mS
C
dY
dU m
Y −−==
The Nussult number ( Heat transfer coefficient ) :
−−−
−+−
−+
−−−−
−+−+−−
−
−
+=
−−
++
−+
−+
]2[)(
]2[)(2
)1(
1()1(
)1()1()1(
1
1
)21(
53
)21(
21
)21(
42
)21(
21
12
11
)21(2
5
)21(2
4
21
3
21
2
12
1
YmmYmm
YmmYmmYm
m
mmmm
mmmmm
mmY
eppemm
eppemmemp
e
epep
epepep
e
p
mep
dY
dT
The Nussult number ( Heat transfer coefficient ) on the lower plate :
{ }]2)[(]2)[(2)1(
1()1(
)1()1()1(
1
1
|
5321422111
)21(2
5
)21(2
4
21
3
21
2
12
1
)0(
ppmmppmmmpe
epep
epepep
e
p
mp
dY
dT
m
mmmm
mmmmm
m
Y
−−−−+−−+
−−−−
−+−+−−
−
−
+=
−+
−+
=
The Nussult number ( Heat transfer coefficient ) on the upper plate :
−−−
−+−
−+
−−−−
−+−+−−
−
−
+=
−−
++
−+
−+
=
]2[)(
]2[)(2
)1(
1()1(
)1()1()1(
1
1
|
)21(
53
)21(
21
)21(
42
)21(
21
12
11
)21(2
5
)21(2
4
21
3
21
2
12
1
)1(
mmmm
mmmmm
m
mmmm
mmmmm
mm
Y
eppemm
eppemmemp
e
epep
epepep
e
p
mep
dY
dT
6. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 417
IV. ILLUSTRATIONS
“Figure 1. Variations of the velocity profiles )(YU with the Darcy’s porosity parameter(S=1) and Suction/injection
parameter( 0V )”
“Figure 2. Variations of the velocity profiles )(YU with the Darcy’s porosity parameter(S=2) and Suction/injection
parameter( 0V )”
-0.12 -0.1 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
U(Y)
Y
V0
=1
V
0
=2
V0
=3
-0.12 -0.1 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
U(Y)
Y
V
0
=1
V
0
=2
V
0
=3
7. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 418
“Figure 3. Variations of the velocity profiles )(YU with the Darcy’s porosity parameter(S=3) and Suction/injection
parameter( 0V )”
“Figure 4. Variations of the temperature profiles )(YT with the Strain thermal conductivity coefficient ( 3b =1) ,
Darcy’s porosity parameter(S=1) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V )”
-0.1 -0.09 -0.08 -0.07 -0.06 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
U(Y)
Y
V
0
=1
V
0
=2V
0
=3
-18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
T(Y)
Y
V
0
=3
V
0
=2
V
0
=1
8. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 419
“Figure 5. Variations of the temperature profiles )(YT with the Strain thermal conductivity coefficient ( 3b
=1),Darcy’s porosity parameter(S=2) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V )”
“Figure 6. Variations of the temperature profiles )(YT with the Strain thermal conductivity coefficient ( 3b =1),
Darcy’s porosity parameter(S=3) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V )”
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
T(Y)
Y
V
0
=1
V
0
=2
V
0
=3
-600 -500 -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
T(Y)
Y
V
0
=2
V
0
=3
V
0
=1
9. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 420
“Figure 7. Variations of the temperature profiles )(YT with the Strain thermal conductivity coefficient ( 3b
=3),Darcy’s porosity parameter(S=1) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V )”
“Figure 8. Variations of the temperature profiles )(YT with the Strain thermal conductivity coefficient ( 3b
=3),Darcy’s porosity parameter(S=2) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V )”
-16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
T(Y)
Y
V
0
=1
V
0
=2
V
0
=3
-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
T(Y)
Y
V
0
=1
V
0
=2
V
0
=3
10. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 421
“Figure 9. Variations of the temperature profiles )(YT with the Strain thermal conductivity coefficient ( 3b
=3),Darcy’s porosity parameter(S=3) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V )”
“Figure 10. Variations of the temperature profiles )(YT with the Strain thermal conductivity coefficient ( 3b
=5),Darcy’s porosity parameter (S=1) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V )”
-600 -500 -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
T(Y)
Y
V
0
=1
V
0
=2
V
0
=3
-14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
T(Y)
Y
V
0
=1
V
0
=2V
0
=3
11. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 422
“Fig.(11):
Variations of the temperature profiles )(YT with the Strain thermal conductivity coefficient ( 3b =5),Darcy’s
porosity parameter(S=2) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V )”
“Figure 12.
Variations of the temperature profiles )(YT with the Strain thermal conductivity coefficient ( 3b =5),Darcy’s
porosity parameter(S=3) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V )”
-80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
T(Y)
Y
V
0
=1
V
0
=2
V
0
=3
-600 -500 -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
T(Y)
Y
V
0
=3
V0
=1
V
0
=2
12. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 01, Issue 05, [November - 2014] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 423
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The effects of various material parameters like Strain thermal conductivity coefficient( 3b ), Darcy’s
porosity parameter(S) and Suction/injection parameter( 0V ) on velocity and temperature distributions
have been discussed for the fixed values of 1C =1.5, 12 =C , 1=rp and 11 =a .
From the Fig.(1), Fig.(2) and Fig.(3), it is observed that, as the value of Suction/injection parameter(
0V ) increases from 1-3, the velocity of the fluid raises from the lower plate up to the middle of the
channel, then it is slowly approaches with the velocity of the upper plate. As the velocity approaches
to the upper plate, the rate of increase of the velocity up to the middle of the plates is faster than the
rate of decrease of the velocity of the fluid near the upper plate. It is also noticed that, as the value of
Darcy’s porosity parameter(S) increases, the velocity of the fluid slowly moves towards the origin.
It is noticed from the Fig.(4) to Fig.(12) that , the temperature increases, as the value of
Suction/injection parameter( 0V ) and Strain thermal conductivity coefficient( 3b ) both increases. As the
value of Darcy’s porosity parameter(S) increases and for 0V =1,2, the temperature of the fluid cools
down very fast while for 30 =V , the rate of increase of temperature of the fluid is very slow.
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[13] Nageswara rao P. and Pattabhi Ramacharyulu N. Ch. , “Steady flow of a second order
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[14] Nageswar Rao P. and Srinivas Joshi “Steady flow of thermo-viscous fluid between two
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@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 424
[17] Rivlin R.S. and Pipkin A.C. “Normal stresses in flow through tubes of non- circular cross-
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