lift augmentation devices for education purpose to understand and how its work to avoid the boundary layer separation
thanks to royal air force and air cadets the next generation
lift augmentation devices for education purpose to understand and how its work to avoid the boundary layer separation
thanks to royal air force and air cadets the next generation
For Video Lecture of this presentation: https://youtu.be/u7bp9IJqRVM
The topics covered in this session are, Slip: Types of slip, Sideslip angle, Sideslip angle sign conventions, restoring yaw moments, physical significance, Calculation of sideslip angle, Measurement of sideslip.
Attention! "Gate Aerospace Engineering aspirants", A virtual guide for gate aerospace engineering is provided in "Age of Aerospace" blog for helping you meticulously prepare for gate examination. Respective notes of individual subjects are provided as 'Embedded Google Docs' which are frequently updated. This comprehensive guide is intended to efficiently serve as an extensive collection of online resources for "GATE Aerospace Engineering" which can be accessed free of cost. Use the following link to access the study material
https://ageofaerospace.blogspot.com/p/gate-aerospace.html
Structural detailing of fuselage of aeroplane /aircraft.PriyankaKg4
This presentation is about the structural detailing of fuselage of aeroplane .The fuselage or body of the airplane, holds all the pieces together. The pilots sit in the cockpit at the front of the fuselage. Passengers and cargo are carried in the rear of the fuselage. Some aircraft carry fuel in the fuselage; others carry the fuel in the wings.
What are the elements of aircraft performance?
How much thrust do you need?
How fast and how slow can you fly?
#WikiCourses
http://wikicourses.wikispaces.com/Topic+Performance+of+aerospace+vehicles
Nomenclature and classification of controls in an airplane (slide # 3-4).
Which are the aerodynamic forces acting on airplane (slide # 5).
Working principle of an airplane (slide # 6).
How an airplane flies (basic motions of an airplane) (slide # 7).
How controls play their roles in these motions (slide # 8-22).
Simulate a flight in Cessna Skyhawk (slide # 23-28).
References and Questions & answers (slide # 30).
For Video Lecture of this presentation: https://youtu.be/u7bp9IJqRVM
The topics covered in this session are, Slip: Types of slip, Sideslip angle, Sideslip angle sign conventions, restoring yaw moments, physical significance, Calculation of sideslip angle, Measurement of sideslip.
Attention! "Gate Aerospace Engineering aspirants", A virtual guide for gate aerospace engineering is provided in "Age of Aerospace" blog for helping you meticulously prepare for gate examination. Respective notes of individual subjects are provided as 'Embedded Google Docs' which are frequently updated. This comprehensive guide is intended to efficiently serve as an extensive collection of online resources for "GATE Aerospace Engineering" which can be accessed free of cost. Use the following link to access the study material
https://ageofaerospace.blogspot.com/p/gate-aerospace.html
Structural detailing of fuselage of aeroplane /aircraft.PriyankaKg4
This presentation is about the structural detailing of fuselage of aeroplane .The fuselage or body of the airplane, holds all the pieces together. The pilots sit in the cockpit at the front of the fuselage. Passengers and cargo are carried in the rear of the fuselage. Some aircraft carry fuel in the fuselage; others carry the fuel in the wings.
What are the elements of aircraft performance?
How much thrust do you need?
How fast and how slow can you fly?
#WikiCourses
http://wikicourses.wikispaces.com/Topic+Performance+of+aerospace+vehicles
Nomenclature and classification of controls in an airplane (slide # 3-4).
Which are the aerodynamic forces acting on airplane (slide # 5).
Working principle of an airplane (slide # 6).
How an airplane flies (basic motions of an airplane) (slide # 7).
How controls play their roles in these motions (slide # 8-22).
Simulate a flight in Cessna Skyhawk (slide # 23-28).
References and Questions & answers (slide # 30).
The main determinations which help to reduce accident rate at airport or regarding aircraft during take-off and landing in this presentation & there are some guidelines which pilot should keep in mind.
A presentation that guides the student through the forces acting on an aircraft, and how to fly a circuit at a typical airfield. This includes aircraft instrumentation and radio use. THIS PRESENTATION IS FOR INTEREST AND SIMULATED FLIGHT ONLY, AS PROPER FLIGHT INSTRUCTION SHOULD BE TAKEN FOR ACTUAL FLIGHT
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
3. Contents of Presentation
1. Purpose of High Lift Devices
2. Flaps
Trailing Edge Flaps
- Plain Flaps
- Split Flaps
- Slotted and Multiple Slotted Flaps
- Fowler Flaps
- Comparison of Trailing Edge flaps
- Cl max and stalling angles
- Drag, Lift/Drag Ratio
- Pitching and centre of pressure moment
- Change of Downwash
- Overall Pitch change
4. Contents of Presentation
Leading Edge High Lift Devices
- Leading Edge Flaps
- Kruger Flaps
- Variable Camber Leading Edge Flaps
- Effects of Leading Edge Flaps on Lift
- Leading Edge Slots/Slats
- Automatic Slots
- Disadvantages of Slots
- Drag and Pitching moment
Trailing + Leading Edge Devices together
5. Purpose of High Lift Devices
To Reduce take off and landing distance
Reduction in Stalling Speeds
Lift Augmentation by increase in camber and related aspects
If we revisit the formula: L = 1/2 ρ V2 x S x CL, we can
see that we have several ways to increase the lift for a given
wing. Speed (V), wing area (S) and the coefficient lift (CL) can
be varied for given angle of attack (AOA) to change lift. The
use of flaps will change the wing area and coefficient lift.
Flaps – A hinged portion of leading of trailing edge of the wing.
6. Trailing Edge Flaps
1. Plain Flaps
Simple Construction
Good increase in Cl max
High Drag, Mainly used on low speed aircrafts
7. Cl max and Stalling Angle
Effective angle of attack increases with
extension of trailing edge flaps
8. 2. Split Flaps
• The flaps are part of lower surface of trailing edge.
• The upper surface contour being un affected when flap is lowered
• or deployed.
• The split flaps give some more increase in lift as compare to plain flaps at
• low angle of attack .
Split flaps gives slightly more lift at high angle of attack as upper camber
is not increased and separation is delayed.
9. 3. Slotted and Multiple Slotted Flaps
• A Slotted flaps have a gap or slot in them to allow faster-moving air
from the lower surface to flow over the upper surface.
• Re-energies the boundary layer. And it delays the separation of
airflow on upper surface.
• Slotted flaps gives a bigger increase in Clmax than plain or split
flap and much less drag
• Slotted flaps have more complex construction.
11. Fowler Flaps(Contd.)
combined effect of increase in camber and
surface area
the fowler flaps give the greatest increase in lift.
It gives least drag because of the slots and
reduction in thickness: Chord ratio.
However, the change in pitching moment is
greatest.
13. Aerodynamic effects of flaps
Increase in Drag due to trailing edge flaps
Lift/Drag Ratio
Pitching Moment
Centre of Pressure Movement.
Change of Downwash
16. LIFT/DRAG RATIO
This ratio (L/D) is also reduced when full
flaps are extended. Normally, flap
settings between 0 - 25° will noticeably
increase lift more than drag, ideal for
take off. Flap settings beyond 25° will
increase drag much more than lift, ideal
for landing and steep approaches to
runways when there are obstacles in the
approach path.
17. Pitching Moment
Centre of Pressure Movement.
Flaps extension will cause the CP to move aft
thus pitching the aircraft nose down.
Flaps retraction will move the CP forward thus
pitching the aircraft nose up.
18. Change of Downwash
Tail plane effective angle of attach is
determined by the downwash of the wing.
Lowering flaps increases downwash thus
decreasing tail plane angle of attack. This
has a nose up pitching moment.
19.
20. Leading Edge High Lift Devices
Two types:
Leading Edge Flaps
Leading Edge Slats and Slots
21. Leading Edge Flaps
(They Increase the camber of the leading edge)
Kruger Flaps
They are fitted at lower surface of wing leading
edge, rotated about their forward edge as shown in
the fig.
22. Variable camber leading edge flap
They give better efficiency than Kruger Flaps by giving
better leading edge profile.
24. Leading Edge Slot
It is a gap between the lower and upper surface of the
leading edge of the wing. It could be a fixed or a
moving part (Slat).
When Slats are employed, they re-energize the
boundary layer
26. Automatic Slats
On some aircrafts slots are not controlled by the
pilot, but operate automatically their movement
depends on change in pressure occur around the
leading edge at low angle of attack the pressure
around the stagnation point keep the slat in
closed position. At high angle of attacks the
stagnation point moves underneath the leading
edge and suction pressure occur on the upper
surface of slat this pressure cause slat to move
forward and create the slot
27. Disadvantages of a Slat/Slot
Much higher angle of attack is required to benefit from
the increased Cl max by the use of slat/slot. Visibility
could hamper by increased nose up pitch and landing
could be difficult.
Drag and Pitching Moment
Compare to trailing edge devices, the drag and
pitching moment is small.
28. Trailing Edge + Leading Edge Devices
Most large aircraft employ both