The document discusses the elements and principles of art. It defines 7 elements - line, shape, space, value, form, texture, and color. It then explains each element in detail with examples. It also defines 8 principles of art - rhythm, balance, emphasis, proportion, pattern, unity, variety, and movement. For each principle, it provides a definition and example image to illustrate how artists use that principle. In conclusion, it distinguishes the differences between elements, which are the basic components used to create art, and principles, which are ways of organizing the elements in a composition.

1. LESSON 6
ELEMENTS AND
PRINCIPLES OF
ART

2. Learning objectives
by the end of this lesson, we should be able to:
• List and describe the components and guiding principles of arts
• Identify the elements and principles of arts
• Examine the impact of the arts’ fundamental elements and principles

3. ELEMENTS OF ART
It is the visual tools that the artist uses to create a
composition.
Stylistic features that are included within an art
piece to help the artist communicate.
A components or parts of a work of art that can be
isolated and defined.

4. 7 ELEMENTS OF ART
1. LINE
2. SHAPE
3. SPACE
4. VALUE
5. FORM
6. TEXTURE
7. COLOR

5. LINE
An element of art defined by a point moving in space.
Primarily a dot or series of dots.
Can also be implied as in an action of the hand
pointing up, the viewers eyes continues upwards
without even a real line.

6. LINE CAN BE: VERTICAL, HORIZONTAL, CURVED AND
DIAGONAL
Vertical lines - communicate a sense of height Horizontal
lines suggest a feeling of rest or response.
Horizontal Lines – suggest a feeling of rest or repose.
Curved Lines – are lines that bend and change direction
gradually.
Diagonal Lines – convey a feeling of movement. Objects in a
diagonal position are unstable

7. LINE

8. SHAPE
Can have many meanings. The shape is defined as
having some sort of outline or boundary, whether the
shape is two or more dimensional.
A flat area surrounded by edges or an outline.
Help to create complex drawings and paintings,
affect the composition, and contribute to the
balance within a work.

9. SHAPES are areas of enclosed space that are two-dimensional.
Two categories of shapes:
1. Geometric shapes
– are mathematical, like circles and squares.
2. Organic Shapes
– comes from nature like clouds, leaves, and the like

10. SHAPE
FRANCIS CAMPBELL BOILEAU
CADELL (1883 - 1937)
The Blue fan, 1922(oil on canvas)

11. SPACE
Is the area around the focal point of the art piece and
might be positive or negative, shallow or deep, open or
closed.
An element of art by which positive and negative areas are
defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art.
It is a work of art refers to a feeling of depth or three
dimensions.

12. SPACE
The Creation of Adam by
Michelangelo
1508–1512

13. VALUE
Refers to how adding black or white to color
changes the shade of the original color.
Defines how light or dark a given color or hue can
be.
Values are best understood when visualized as a
scale or gradient, from dark to light.

14. VALUE

15. FORM
oGives shape to a piece of art.
oCan be two-dimensional, three-dimensional
restricted to height and weight, or it can be free-
flowing.
oThe expressions of all the formal elements of art in
a piece of work.

16. FORM

17. TEXTURE
An element of art that refers to the way things
feel, or look as if they might feel it touched.
Can be rough or smooth to the touch, imitating a
particular feel or sensation.

18. TEXTURE

19. COLOR
An element of art derived from reflected light.
We see color because light waves are reflected
from objects to your eyes. It Is the visual
perception seen by the human eye.
It Is an element of art that made up of three
properties: hue, value, and intensity.

20. COLOR

21. PRINCIPLE OF ARTS
Are essentially a set of criteria that are used to explain
how the visual elements are arranged in a work of art.
Represent how the artist uses the elements of art to
create an effect and to help convey the artist’s intent.
Allow us to place some kind of objective reasoning behind
why a great painting is great.

22. 8 PRINCIPLES OF ART
1. RHYTHM
2. BALANCE
3. EMPHASIS
4. PROPORTION
5. PATTERN
6. UNITY
7. VARIETY
8. MOVEMENT

23. RHYTHM
• Indicates movement, created by the Careful placement of
repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual tempo
or beat.
• It refers to the movement within a piece of art that helps
the eye travel through the point of focus.

24. RHYTHM
Georges Seurat, Sketch for Cabaret, 1890

25. BALANCE
• The balance in a piece of art refers to the distribution of
weight or the apparent weight of the piece.
• A way of combining elements to add a feeling of equilibrium
or stability to a work of art.

26. TYPES OF BALANCE
• SYMMETRICAL BALANCE
– when one image is mirrored on the other side to
repeat itself.
• ASYMMETRICAL BALANCE
– When different types of elements create a visual
balance.
• RADIAL BALANCE
– The distribution of elements around a central point
in all directions.

27. SYMMETRICAL BALANCE
The Last Supper (1495-1498)
By Leonardo da Vinci

28. ASYMMETRICAL BALANCE
The Starry Night (1889) by Vincent
Van Gogh

29. RADIAL BALANCE
Charge of Charles II in the
Boscobel Oak(c. 1685)

30. EMPHASIS
A way of combining elements to stress the differences
between those elements.
It is the part of the design that catches the viewer’s
attention to a particular area or object.

31. EMPHASIS

32. PROPORTION
 A principle of design that refers to the relationship of certain
elements to the whole and to each other.
 Artist can also use scale and proportion to exaggerate people or
landscapes to their advantage.
 One of the principle of art and design that organizes and
arranges their structural elements, together with balance, unity,
rhythm, and emphasis.

33. PROPORTION
Michelangelo(1475-1564)- “The Last
Judgement” 1525-1541

34. PATTERN
Is the way something is organized and repeated in its shape
or form and can flow without much structure in some
random repetition.
The uniform repetition of any of the elements of art or any
combination.

35. PATTERN
William Morris (1834-1896) Pencil and
Watercolor Sketch for Acanthus Wallpaper
Pattern, 1874-1875

36. unity
Unity conveys a sense of completeness, pleasure when
viewing the art, and cohesiveness to the art and how the
patterns work together brings unity to the picture or
object.
In an artwork unity creates a sense of harmony and
wholeness by using similar elements and placing them in a
way that creates a feeling of “oneness”.

37. unity
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of
La Grande Jatte(1886) by Georges
Seurat

38. VARIETY
 A principle of art that adds interest to an artwork. Variety
works through juxtaposition and contrast.
 Variety should provoke changes and awareness in the art
piece.
 Concerned with the diversity or contrast.

39. VARIETY
Tom Thomson, Opulent October,
winter, 1915

40. MOVEMENT
A principle of art used to create the look and feeling of
action and to guide the viewer’s eye throughout the work of
art.
Artist use the principle of movement to lead the viewer’s
eyes throughout the work.

41. MOVEMENT
Edgar Degas, The Rehearsal
Onstage, 1874

42. Elements and Principles of Art
What are the differences between the two?
 The elements of design can be thought of as the things that
make up an artwork(the ingredients).
 The principles of design are ways to organize the elements
of design.
 How we apply the principles of design determines how
successful we are in creating a work of art.

43. GROUP 5 REPORTERS
CAS, JULIANNE KRYSTILLE A.
PACON, MANELYN G.
MORTEZ, LALAINE C.
ALIPANTE, LORIEDY
TRABALLO, MARY JUNE T.
ROBIANES, LORDY ANGEL N.
ASAYTONO, SHERWIN