1. GREAT HEIGHTS LEARNING CENTER OF
ILOCOS SUR
• classify objects and materials as solid, liquid, and gas based
on some observable characteristics;
• describe changes in materials based on the effect of
temperature;
• describe the physical and chemical properties of materials;
• identify whether a property is intensive or extensive; and
• use the different properties to classify materials
3. GREAT HEIGHTS LEARNING CENTER OF
ILOCOS SUR
PHASE CHANGE
• Matter can change from one state to another.
• This happens when temperature changes.
4. GREAT HEIGHTS LEARNING CENTER OF
ILOCOS SUR
Solid to Liquid
Melting is the process of changing from
solid to liquid. Ice cream also melts when
you leave it at room temperature.
5. GREAT HEIGHTS LEARNING CENTER OF
ILOCOS SUR
Liquid to Solid
The change in phase from liquid to solid is known as freezing.
6. GREAT HEIGHTS LEARNING CENTER OF
ILOCOS SUR
Liquid to Gas
The table dries up as the liquid water changes into
water vapour.
This process is called evaporation. Evaporation is the
process of changing liquid to gas.
During evaporation, water changes to gas without
boiling. When heat is added to the water until it reaches
its boiling point of 1000°C, steam is formed.
7. GREAT HEIGHTS LEARNING CENTER OF
ILOCOS SUR
Gas to Liquid
Condensation is observed when gas changes into
liquid.
Gas turns into liquid in the form of water droplets
when the temperature lowers down. The same
process takes place in the atmosphere when clouds,
fog, mist or dew forms.
8. GREAT HEIGHTS LEARNING CENTER OF
ILOCOS SUR
Solid to Gas
Sublimation is a change from solid to gas without passing
through the liquid state.
9. GREAT HEIGHTS LEARNING CENTER OF
ILOCOS SUR
Gas to Solid
The reverse process of sublimation is deposition. It is the
change from gas state to solid state.
14. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
• A physical property is a characteristic that can be
observed or measured without changing the
composition of an object, like color, size, texture,
hardness and brittleness.
• The physical properties of matter may be
classified as intensive or extensive.
15. INTENSIVE PROPERTIES
• It is a property that does not depend
on how much matter is present in a
material.
35. 8. Reacts with something to form H2O
9. Odor
10. Luster
11. Reacts with H20 to form gas
12. Hardness
13. Reacts with air
14. Reacts with acid
15. Solubility
Physical
Physical
Physical
Physical
Chemical
Chemical
Chemical
Chemical
Editor's Notes
In this lesson, you will be able to:
You have learned about matter when you were in lower grades. How do you describe matter?
The three common states of matter are the three distinct physical forms that matter can take in most environments: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solids have a definite shape, definite mass and definite volume. Their shapes do not change when they are held.
Pencils and rock are examples.
Liquids have a definite mass volume, but no definite shape. They take the shape of their container. Liquids are wet and take on the shape of their container.
Water is an example of a liquid, if you put water in a bottle, it will take the shape of the bottle.
Gases are all around us. They cannot be seen, but their presence can be felt. The air we breathe is classified as gas. We cannot see it, but we can feel it. Gases do not have definite volume and shape.
Matter always changes. It does not stay the same. Have you seen liquid change into solid, solid to liquid, or liquid to gas? Did you know that a change in temperature causes changes in materials?
Matter can change from one state to another. This is called phase change.. Solid can change into liquid, liquid can change to solid, liquid can change to gas, and gas can change into solid.
What do you think will happen if you leave ice cubes on the table? The ice cubes will melt! The temperature outside the freezer is higher than the inside. The change in temperature changes the ice from solid to liquid.
Other examples of solids that melt when heated are butter and candle wax.
What happens when you put liquid water in a freezer? Water starts to become ice when its temperature reaches 0°C. The change in temperature changes the ice from liquid to solid.
Ice candy and ice cream are liquids that have frozen and have turned into solids.
What happens when you leave a wet table after a while? The wet table dries up. This shows another phase change which is from liquid to gas.
Do you notice the surface of the glass of a cold drink get wet? How did the liquid get there?
When the warm and moist air hits the cold surface of the glass, the water vapour cools and condenses as water droplets.
Have you noticed the mothballs disappear in your cabinet? Sublimation is the reason why mothballs disappear in your cabinet after some time
One example is the process by which, in sub – freezing air, water vapour changes directly to ice without first becoming a liquid. Another example is when frost forms on a leaf. Snowflakes.
The phase change diagram shows the three states of matter. It summarizes the effects of temperature on matter.
All forms of matter exhibit properties. These properties can be classified as physical or chemical.
All forms of matter have properties that can be observed using the five senses.
you are giving its physical properties When you describe the shape, size, color, taste and smell of an object,
Look at the picture of the watermelon. Describe the watermelon.
What is its shape? Circle!
What is its size? Big
What is its color? The color outside is green, but the color inside of the watermelon is red.
How about the taste of the watermelon? Sweet
How about the smell? Fragrant or it smells good.
Examples of Intensive Property.
Colorless, Green, blue, Yellow, Black, Reddish
Odorless, walang amoy
Sweet etc.
Is it shiny or dull
Is it rough, smooth?
Can it be scratched easily?
Can it break apart easily? Is it brittle or flexible?
Can it be bent, folded or hammered into different shapes?
Can it be stretched out into a long wire?
Resistance to flow. Fast or slow. Example: Honey
It is the ability of a substance to be dissolved by another substance.
Example: The salt is dissolved in water. Salt here is the solute and Water is what we call the solvent.
Last one.
The ability of objects to allow heat or electricity to pass through them. Example: Metal
Another main property of matter is chemical properties.
Look at the picture. It is a brand new car. What do you think will happen to the car after 10 years? Will it still look the same?
Chances are, rust may start forming in the car. It will change into a new substance.
This ability of an iron to react to oxygen to form rust is an example of chemical property. thIS property is called reactivity.
We also have different types of reactivity.
Another example of chemical property is flamability.
Different properties and their combinations can give materials their unique characteristics. This can be very useful to scientists because it allows them to identify a certain material.
Did you understand our topic? Thumbs up if yes.
Okay, now we will have our activity.
Classify the following properties as either chemical or physical.
Classify the following properties as either chemical or physical.
