The document discusses industrial systems and changes in employment structure in the UK. It describes the four types of industrial activity - primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. Over time, as the UK industrialized and mechanized, employment shifted from primary industries like farming to secondary industries like manufacturing, and more recently to tertiary service industries. The document also discusses multinational companies and some positive and negative effects they can have on host countries.

1. Systems Module Geography Lessons Lesson 6 Industrial Systems Aim- How does the industrial system work and understand the change in employment structure in the UK?

2. Types of Industrial activity There are four types of Industrial activity: Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary

3. Primary Industries are those that are associated with raw materials, e.g. mining, farming and fishing

4. Secondary Industries are those that make physical products

5. Tertiary Industries are those which provide a service

6. Quaternary Industries are those which involve research and development

7. Task 1 Complete the activity by sorting out which jobs belong to which category: Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary Click here for word

8. Change over time – the UK Before 1800 majority of population was involved in primary industry i.e. farming During 19 th Century, jobs changed as a result of the Industrial Revolution, people moved to the towns, finding work in coal mines, or heavy industries such as steel, ship building and machinery During the 20 th Century, farming and industry have become mechanised and need fewer workers. However, there are many more schools, hospitals, shops and transport, therefore people are required to provide a service As we enter the 21 st Century, although services is still important, there is a larger emphasis on hi-tech industries, such as computer chips and mobile phones, as well as medical research.

9. Type of employment in selected Industrial Groups in the UK in 1985 & 1995 (Figures in thousands) Complete the table by working out the % for A, B and C, the equation you need to use is given to you under the table. 2. Can you estimate the number of people working in each employment group for 2005? For each number supplied, can you give a reason to explain why. Click here for word. TASK 2 100.7% C B A 26.4% 1995 as % of 1985 21 427 21 585 994 1236 2041 2756 758 605 273 72 1985 1995 Total employees in employment Hotels & Catering Banking, finance, insurance & business services Mechanical engineering Coal, Oil & Natural Gas Year

10. How does the industry work as a system? OUTPUTS Products Services Expertise Waste Profit or Loss INPUTS Energy Materials Land Enterprise Labour Capital PROCESSES Assembly Processing Packaging Services Management &Admin Profit Reinvested

11. MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES

12. MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES Previously, most companies produced goods in one place, then moved them to other parts of the world

13. MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES Reasons for a firm wanting to become multinational include Cheaper land or labour Lower taxes or subsidies Lower exchange rates

14. MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES The positive effects on host countries of having multinationals include Investment, jobs and exports Transfer of technology & techniques

15. MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES Now, many companies produce goods in several places all over the world

16. MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES Problems caused by hosting multinationals include Multinationals may be greedy and exploit poor people Multinationals are difficult to control and may even bribe poor local officials

17. http://www.geography.org.uk/resources/worldwise/globalvillagelife/fashion/ http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?list=type&type=108 DETECTIVE TASK You have the remainder of the lesson to start your detective work. Research using the internet a Multinational Company, e.g Nike and find out as much as you can, of the negative impacts it has operating in an LEDC. Things to think about, the impact it has on the environment and the people working for them. Produce a short report outlining what you have found, the two websites are a good starting point.

18. Extension task Write a strong worded (polite) letter to the company you have researched into, outlining what you have discovered through your research