Lesson 2 Presentation
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Fundamentals of Information Technology
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Lesson 2 Presentation
- 1. Lesson 2: Internet and theLesson 2: Internet and the World Wide WebWorld Wide Web
- 2. ObjectivesObjectives Use a web browser to access a web page Use advanced search features to access information on the internet Send and receive e-mail
- 3. History of the InternetHistory of the Internet The Internet is actually a child of the Cold War. This led to ARPANET and ultimately the Internet of today. In the early days, sending information via this network was neither particularly rapid nor easy. Over time, more and more useful utilities and tools were being developed, and as computer hardware dropped in price and commerce became interested, the Net began to spread Source: http://www.jafsoft.com/misc/course/course_2.html
- 4. How the Internet WorksHow the Internet Works The Internet works by breaking up information into packets of data. The Internet consists of a network of computers all passing messages to and fro.
- 5. How the Internet Works What is a domain name? Text version of Internet protocol (IP) address Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to Internet
- 6. How can you connect to theHow can you connect to the Internet?Internet? Slow-speed Technology High-speed Connection Dial-up access modem in your computer uses a standard telephone line to connect to the Internet Connection must be established each time you log on. DSL, cable modem, FTTP, fixed wireless, wireless modem, Wi-Fi, and satellite modems Connection is always on— whenever the computer is running
- 7. What is a Web Browser?What is a Web Browser? “A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and passing over information resources on the World Wide Web. It is a software application to accesses information provided by Web servers. It brings information resources to the user.
- 8. Examples of BrowsersExamples of Browsers Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox Netscape Safari Opera Google chrome
- 9. Using a BrowserUsing a Browser
- 10. Going to a Specific URL What is a URL? Unique address for a Web page A web server delivers the Web page to your computer
- 11. Viewing and Clearing BrowserViewing and Clearing Browser History - FirefoxHistory - Firefox
- 12. What is a Web Browser History?What is a Web Browser History? … refers to the list of web pages a user has visited recently—and associated data such as page title and time of visit— which is recorded by web browser software as standard for a certain period of time.
- 13. Viewing Browser HistoryViewing Browser History
- 16. Creating Bookmarks/FavouritesCreating Bookmarks/Favourites With FirefoxWith Firefox … used to record the address of a website to enable quick access in future.
- 18. How do IHow do I change thechange the name andname and location oflocation of aa bookmark?bookmark?
- 19. What is a Search Engine?What is a Search Engine? a program that searches for and identifies items in a database that correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user, used especially for finding particular sites on the World Wide Web. For example, www.yahoo.com and www.google.com
- 21. Using a Search EngineUsing a Search Engine
- 22. The more specific your keywords, the more likely you will find what you want. ◦ Phrase Searching: When you enter a phrase in quotation marks, the search engine matches them exactly. ◦ Inclusion/Exclusion Operators: Plus (+) and minus (-) help narrow search results and filter out unwanted listings. Basic Search Strategies
- 23. Boolean Searching: Boolean logic consists of three operators—AND to combine terms, NOT to exclude terms, and OR to search for similar terms. Wildcard Searching: Use the asterisk (*) symbol if you do not know the spelling or want to search plurals or variations of a word. Basic Search Strategies
- 24. Title Searching: Searches within the HTML document for the title of a Web page. Other Search Features: A related search provides links to pages that are related to the selected search results. Basic Search Strategies
- 25. You can also set other search options to sort results, such as by date.
- 26. What isWhat is e-maile-mail?? Short for electronic mail The transmission of messages and files via a computer network Messages can consist of simple text or can contain attachments, such as documents, graphics, or audio/video clips Internet access providers usually provide an e-mail program Some Web sites—such as Google Gmail, Windows Live Hotmail, and Yahoo! Mail—provide free e-mail services One of the original services on the Internet
- 27. How do you send an e-mail message?How do you send an e-mail message?
- 28. What is anWhat is an e-mail addresse-mail address?? Unique name that consists of a user name and domain name that identifies the user
- 29. Step 4. When recipient uses e-mail software to check for e-mail messages, the message transfers from incoming mail server to recipient’s computer Step 2. Your software contacts software on your service provider’s outgoing mail server Step 3. Software on outgoing mail server determines best route for data and sends message, which travels along Internet routers to recipient’s incoming mail server Step 1. Using e-mail software, you create and send message How does an e-mail message travel?How does an e-mail message travel?
- 30. Additional ReadingAdditional Reading Clearing Firefox History Automatically Comparing Web Browsers Bookmarking Tutorials
Editor's Notes
- The Internet is actually a child of the Cold War. Faced with the prospect of a Nuclear war, a resilient network was required such that, should one communications centre be destroyed, messages would automatically re-route themselves to ensure they could still get from A to B. This led to ARPANET which became an American Universities network, and ultimately the Internet of today. In the early days, sending information via this network was neither particularly rapid nor easy. At this time you had to be fairly technically minded and working at a university or major research to use the Net. But over time, more and more useful utilities and tools were being developed, and as computer hardware dropped in price and commerce became interested, the Net began to spread, and really hasn't stopped since. The "half-life" of the Internet is around 10 months, that is 10 months ago it will have been half the size it is now. This growth has been going on for years now, and still looks to continue until, in a few years from now, almost every computer in the world will access the Net. This process itself is encouraging computer ownership, to the extent that "getting on the Internet" is now a major reason for purchasing a computer for home use.
- The Internet works by breaking up information into packets of data. Each packet of data is given an address and sent off on its merry way. When the packets are received at the other end, they are reassembled to give a faithful copy of the original data. The Internet consists of a network of computers all passing messages to and fro. Each packet gets passed by a machine to its neighbours which then decide to pass it on, or pass it back. This trial and error approach is both the Internet's greatest strength and weakest. It's a strength because if a Internet node goes down (and this happens even without nuclear strikes), the messages simply divert round the missing node. This may mean taking a detour via a satellite link over the Indian Ocean, or travelling via optical fibre via America. It really doesn't matter to you, the Internet sorts it all out. It's a weakness because you usually need all your packets to reassemble the original message, and if one takes a detour this may delay your whole message. If one gets lost, it will usually prevent you getting the rest of the message.
- An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece of content”. The tool we use to browse our favourite website has a long and rich history with battles for market share and dominance. In order to surf the web, you need a web browser, and today there are several different ones. No matter which browser you choose to surf the web with, the features you take for granted today are the result of nearly two decades of browser design.