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Lesson 1: Ratio and
Proportion
Prepared by: Mr. Alphie Zarriz
What is “ratio”?
- it is the comparison and
relationship of two or more
quantities.
Ratio can be written in fraction form and colon form.
1. The colon ( : ) and the fraction bar ( - ) are the
symbols used to separate the two terms being
compared.
Ex. Ratio of stars to squares.
The ratio of stars to square is 9 is to 6.
The ratio can be written as 9:6 or
9
6
2. Ratio can be simplified by dividing
the quantities by their GCF.
Ex.
The ratio of heart to circle is 8:6.
The GCF of 8 and 6 is 2, so
8
6
÷
2
2
=
4
3
𝑜𝑟 4: 3
3. Two ratios are equivalent if both of
them can be expressed into the same
simple ratio.
32:80 34:85
=
32
80
÷
16
16
=
34
85
÷
17
17
=
2
5
𝑜𝑟 2: 5 =
2
5
𝑜𝑟 2: 5
What is proportion?
- It is a statement of equality
between two ratios.
- In a proportion, the product of the
means is equal to the product of the
extremes.
- An extreme is the first or the last
terms of a proportion, while means
is the second and the third terms in
a proportion.
Example: 1:3 = n:9 (“n” means unknown.)
extremes
means
1
3
=
𝑛
9
To solve for the “n”
• Make fraction form
• Cross multiply
3𝑛
3
=
9
3
3𝑛
3
=
9
3
• Cancel and divide
n = 3 Therefore, 1:3 = 3:9

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Lesson 1

  • 1. Lesson 1: Ratio and Proportion Prepared by: Mr. Alphie Zarriz
  • 2. What is “ratio”? - it is the comparison and relationship of two or more quantities. Ratio can be written in fraction form and colon form. 1. The colon ( : ) and the fraction bar ( - ) are the symbols used to separate the two terms being compared. Ex. Ratio of stars to squares. The ratio of stars to square is 9 is to 6. The ratio can be written as 9:6 or 9 6
  • 3. 2. Ratio can be simplified by dividing the quantities by their GCF. Ex. The ratio of heart to circle is 8:6. The GCF of 8 and 6 is 2, so 8 6 ÷ 2 2 = 4 3 𝑜𝑟 4: 3 3. Two ratios are equivalent if both of them can be expressed into the same simple ratio. 32:80 34:85 = 32 80 ÷ 16 16 = 34 85 ÷ 17 17 = 2 5 𝑜𝑟 2: 5 = 2 5 𝑜𝑟 2: 5
  • 4. What is proportion? - It is a statement of equality between two ratios. - In a proportion, the product of the means is equal to the product of the extremes. - An extreme is the first or the last terms of a proportion, while means is the second and the third terms in a proportion. Example: 1:3 = n:9 (“n” means unknown.) extremes means 1 3 = 𝑛 9 To solve for the “n” • Make fraction form • Cross multiply 3𝑛 3 = 9 3 3𝑛 3 = 9 3 • Cancel and divide n = 3 Therefore, 1:3 = 3:9