The document outlines a lesson plan on ratios and proportions in mathematics. The objectives are for students to define and identify ratios, solve proportions, and understand the real-life applications of ratios and proportions. The lesson plan details the teacher's activities such as reviewing concepts, presenting new material through examples, discussion, and practice problems. It also includes student activities like solving problems and group work. Key concepts covered are defining ratios as comparisons of quantities and proportions as equal ratios. Students learn to set up and solve ratios and proportions, including finding missing terms. The lesson emphasizes applying ratios and proportions to everyday situations like baking.

1. A Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 5
Student-Teacher:Rae Anne D.Sapuan
I. Objectives:
At the endof the lessonthe pupilsare expectedto:
A. define ratioandproportion;
B. identifythe ratioof the givenexample;
C. solve forthe missingterm of the givenproportion:and
D. value the importance of ratioand proportionthroughreal life wordproblems.
II.SubjectMatter:
A. Topic:“Ratio andProportion“
B. Reference:MathConnectionpp.254-256
C. Materials:PowerPoint,pictures,puzzles
D. ValuesIntegration: value the importanceof ratioandproportioninour dailylife.
III.Procedure:
Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity
A. Preparation
1. Greetings
Good morningclass!
Please seatdown!
So howare youthismorning?
I’malsogood.
Who are absentthismorning?
VeryGood!So we have perfectattendance today.
Before we start,I wantyou to be remindedfirstof our
classroomrules.Sogive me ourfirstrule,yes
Dayshaun!
VeryGood!So letme see if you’re seatingdown
properly.
Now,what’sthe secondrule?Yes,Rein!
Exactly!Soif youhave questionsorif youwantto
answeryoumay raise yourhand inorderfor youto be
recognize.Isthatclear?
How aboutthe 3rd
one?Yes, Thad!
Yes!Especiallyif the teacheristalkinghere infront.So
If I am talkinghere,whatwill youdo?
Exactly!Sonextrule.YesArik?
Andthe last one?YesRafaella
Yes!Here in myclass I wantyou to respectone
another.Soare the rulesclearto you?
VeryGood!
2. Review
So whatwas our previoustopic?
VeryGood!So as a recap,divide this:
0150.0006.0
Good morningtooteacher!
Thank youteacher.
We’re goodteacher,how aboutyou?
None teacher.
Dayshaun:SitDownproperly.
Rein:Raise yourhandif you wantto answer.
Yes,teacher.
Thad: Avoidchitchattingwithyourseatmate.
Listen.
Arik:Do not use youripadif it’snotnecessary.
Rafaella:Respectyourteacherandyourclassmate
Yes teacher.
Divisionof Decimals
25
0150.0006.0
12_
30
30
0

2. VeryGood!So is thisclearnowto you class?
Good!
B. Motivation
Okaynowtake a lookat thispicture,whatcan you
say?
to
VeryGood! Now howmanypineapplesare there?
Yes! Howabout the boys?
Exactly!Nowthisillustrationmeansthatthere are 4
Pineapplesfor5 boys.Whichof these twosetshasthe
higherquantity?
Verygood!How aboutthisone:
What didyou see?
Verygood!Noware theyproportional toeach
other?
Why?
Verygood!
C. Presentation
Now,basedon thiswhatisour lessonforthismorning?
Fraction?A while agowe compare the pineapplesand
the boys,right?Iask you whichof those setshasthe
higherquantity,sobasedonthat whatis our topic?
Comparingfraction?Nowwhatdo youcall that term
about comparisonof two quantities?Yousaidawhile
ago that these fractionsare proportional toeachother.
So what’sthe topic?
Yes! Proportionand?
Verygood!So our topicfor thismorningisall about
“Ratioand Proportion”
D. Discussion
So howdo youdefine ratio?
Yes! Ratioisthe comparisonof twoquantitiesbyan
Indicateddivision.
There are pineapples andboys teacher!
4
5
The boys
fractions
Yes!
Because if youreduce theminlowestterm theybecome
equal.
1
2
and
1
2
Fraction
Comparingfraction
Proportion
ProportionandRatio
Ratiois the comparisonof twoobjects/things.
Yes,teacher.
9
18
5
10

3. For example:
In a classroom,there are 25 boysand 27 girls.How will
you compare the numberof boysto the numberof girls
in the classroom?
This isall aboutcomparingso youhave to use?
VeryGood!
So howwill Iwrite the ratioof boysand girlshere?
VeryGood! That’sinthe colonform.We could also
write ratioin fractionform.How?
VeryGood! So:
25:27 Colonform
25
27
Let’shave anotherexample:
What can yousay aboutthe illustration?
Yes! There are varietyof fruits.
So what fruitsdidyousee there?
Yes exactly!So how manyapplesare there?
How aboutthe orange?
The banana?
How aboutthe mango?
VeryGood!
Nowlet’sfindthe ratio incolon& fractionform of the
followingfruits:
1. to
2. to
3. to
4. to
5. to
Verygood!Now,innumbers2 and 5, theirratio can be
reducedto theirLowesttermor to theirsimplestform
by dividingthe numeratorandthe denominatorbythe
same numberor by theirgreatestcommonfactor. So,
is ratioclear toyou?
Verygood!Nowletsgo to proportion.Howdoyou
define proportion?
Exactly!
Let’shave thisexample.
Ratio
25:27
25
27
There are fruits.
Apple,Mango,Bananaand Orange
4
3
6
5
ColonForm FractionForm
1. 4:5 or
4
5
2. 3:6 or
3
6
3. 5:3 or
5
3
4. 3:4 or
3
4
5. 4:6 or
4
6
Yes teacher!
A proportionis a pairof equal ratios.
FractionForm

4. Debra preparedapitcherof juice forherfriends.She
usedfour(4) glassesof waterfor eight(8) tablespoons
of powderedjuice.The nextweek,she made another
pitcherof juice but thistime,she usednine (9) glasses
of waterfor eighteen(18) tablespoonsof powdered
juice.
Nowgive me the ratio for the 1st
preparation.
Verygood!How aboutthe ratiofor the second
preparation?
Exactly!Nowstudythe two ratios,are theyequal?
How didyouknow?
VeryGood! There are two waysof findingoutif the
two ratiosare proportionornot:
1. bychangingboth ratiosto theirsimplestform;
4
8
=
1
2
9
18
=
1
2
2. bycross-multiplyingthe meansandthe extremes
4:8 = 9:18 or
4
8
=
9
18
Means
8 x 9 = 72
Extremes
4 x 18 = 72
Okay,let’shave thisexample:
2:6 = 3:9
Is thisproportionornot? You solve inyournotebook.
Nowwhat if I’ll give youlike this
7
2
=
14
?
, howwill you
findthe missingtermof the givenproportion?
Verygood! Nowplease solve,Reyna!
VeryGood!
E. Drill and Practice
Nowget yourmath notebookandanswerthe
following.I’ll giveyou3 minutestoanswerthat.
Let’spractice!
Tell if the pair of ratiosis a proportionor not.Write P if
proportionand NP if not.
_________1.) 1:8 = 8:16
_________2.) 3:5 = 9:10
_________3.) 1:13 = 2:26
________ 4.) 2:5 = 3:8
_________5.) 4:3 = 4:5
4:8 or
4
8
9:18 or
9
18
Yes!
We reduce inlowestterm.
Yes teacher.Because 2x 9 = 18 and6 x 3 = 18 so
therefore theyare proportion.
Crossmultiply.
7
2
=
14
𝑁
7 x N = 2 x 14
7N =28
N = 28 ÷7
N = 4

5. F. Application
Nowyoudon’thave any questionsaboutfindingthe
missingtermof a proportion?
VeryGood!So nowlet’shave an activity,thiswouldbe
the group 1, 2 and 3. Each groupwill be givenapuzzle.
You needtoassemble thatinorderfor youto readthe
wordproblemthatwas writtenthere thensolve ithere
inthe cartolina.Then afterwardsexplainyourwork
here infront.Is that clear?
G. Generalization
Okayagain,what isratio?
VeryGood!How aboutproportion?
Exactly!Nowfind the missingtermof thisN:7 = 8:2
We are able to compare almosteverythingand
anythingaroundusby usingratio.Equate it to another
ratioand you will have aproportion.Now,canyou
applythe importance of proportionintooureveryday
living?Canyouname some?
Verygood!
None teacher.
Yes teacher!
Ratiois the comparisonof twoquantities.
Proportionisa pairof equal ratios.
2N = 56
N = 28
In bakingteacher.We use ratioto it. Like in1 cupof
sugar youcan make 30 cookies.So1:30.

6. IV.Evaluation
A. Give the ratioof the figuresbelow.Reduce totheirlowestterms.
1. to = ______ 6. to = ______
2. to = ______ 7. to = _____
3. to = ______ 8. to = _______
4. to = _______ 9. to = ______
5. to =______ 10. to = _______
B. Tell if the pair of ratiosis a proportionor not.Write P if proportionand NP if not.
______1.) 2:5 = 4:10 ______6.) 6:20 = 3:10
______2.) 12:4 = 9:3 ______7.) 16:22 = 2:4
______3.) 6:12 = 4:8 ______8.) 28:3 = 21:4
______4.) 5:15 = 3:9 ______9.) 12:2 = 18:3
______5.) 21:3 = 7:1 ______10.) 2:18 = 3:27

7. Evaluation( Answers)
A.Give the ratio of the figures below.Reduce totheirlowestterms.
1. to = ______ 6. to = ______
2. to = ______ 7. to = _____
3. to = ______ 8. to = _______
4. to = _______ 9. to = ______
5. to =______ 10. to = _______
B. Tell if the pair of ratiosis a proportionor not.Write P if proportionand NP if not.
______1.) 2:5 = 4:10 ______6.) 6:20 = 3:10
______2.) 12:4 = 9:3 ______7.) 16:22 = 2:4
______3.) 6:12 = 4:8 ______8.) 28:3 = 21:4
______4.) 5:15 = 3:9 ______9.) 12:2 = 18:3
______5.) 21:3 = 7:1 ______10.) 2:18 = 3:27

8. V.Assignment
Okay now,whatsymbol isthis%?
Verygood!So for yourassignment,studyabout
Percentage forournextlessontomorrow.Isthatclear?
So that’sall for today,goodbye class!
Percentsign.
Yes teacher!
Good bye andthank youteacher.