The document discusses transition graphs (TGs) and finite automata (FAs). It defines a TG as having states, input letters, and transitions between states based on reading input letters. A string is accepted if there is a path from the start state to a final state. It provides examples of TGs that accept all strings, none, those starting with b, not ending in b, containing aa, and containing aa or bb. It notes that every FA is a TG but not vice versa.