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Left
Most of the vibrations cancel each other out but only ones that lead to standing waves survive.
Right
Note the relationship between the string’s wavelength (lambda) and its length.
(https://sites.google.com/site/bromfieldphysics/waves)
Long answerquestions – Standing waves on a string
1. A standing wave pattern is created on a string with mass density μ = 0.00049 kg/m. A
wave generator with frequency f = 33 Hz is attached to one end of the string and the
other end goes over a pulley and is connected to a mass (weight of the string between
the pulley and mass is ignored). The distance between the generator and pulley is L=
0.52 m. Initially the 3rd harmonic wave pattern
wavelength = 0.337 m
speed of wave = 11.121 m/sec
tension = 0.215N
(1) What is the mass hanging on the end of the string?
(2) Keeping the frequency fixed at f = 61 Hz, what is the maximum mass that
can be used to still create a coherent standing wave pattern?
A. The gravity force on the mass supplies the tension
m . g = 0.215
m = 0.215/9.81
m = 0.0219 kg (21.9g)
Increasing the mass -> increase the tension -> increase the velocity
with the fixed frequency -> wavelength must increase
The maximum wavelength(2L) possible is 1.04 m
so the maximum speed to produce a coherent standing wave
= 33*1.04 = 34.32m/s
34.32 = √ T / 0.00049
T = (34.32)^2 * 0.00049
= 0.577152576N = 0.5772N
M (max) = T / g = 0.0588 kg = 58.8 g
2. Standing waves on a 1.2m long string that is fixed at both ends are seen at successive
frequencies of 35 Hz and 70 Hz.
(1) What is the fundamental frequency?
(2) What is the wave speed?
A. The ratio of frequencies = ratio of frequencies as in the case of open organ pipe.
n1 = 35Hz n2 = 70Hz = 2*n1
fundamental frequency = n1 = 35 Hz.
1/2wavelength=1.2 m. wavelength=2.4m.
velocity = frequency * wavelength = 35*2.4 = 84.0 m/s.
Fundamental frequency = 35Hz
Wave velocity = 84.0 m/s
3. A string has one end tied to a wave generator, and the other tied to a fixed position. It
takes the wave 0.13s to travel 3.8m. Within the same distance, there are two complete
loops. What is the frequency of the source?
A. Each loop has 0.5 wavelengths, and there are 2 loops
in total, there are 1.0 complete wavelength in 3.8m.
3.8m / 1.0 = 3.8 so the wavelength lambda = 3.8
speed of wave c = frequency x wavelength
speed of wave c = d / t = 3.8 / 0.13 = 29.23m/s
so frequency f = c / lambda
f = 29.23 / 3.8 = 7.69
frequency f = 7.69Hz

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Lerning objectweek7(lo5) hanahpark

  • 1. Left Most of the vibrations cancel each other out but only ones that lead to standing waves survive. Right Note the relationship between the string’s wavelength (lambda) and its length. (https://sites.google.com/site/bromfieldphysics/waves)
  • 2. Long answerquestions – Standing waves on a string 1. A standing wave pattern is created on a string with mass density μ = 0.00049 kg/m. A wave generator with frequency f = 33 Hz is attached to one end of the string and the other end goes over a pulley and is connected to a mass (weight of the string between the pulley and mass is ignored). The distance between the generator and pulley is L= 0.52 m. Initially the 3rd harmonic wave pattern wavelength = 0.337 m speed of wave = 11.121 m/sec tension = 0.215N (1) What is the mass hanging on the end of the string? (2) Keeping the frequency fixed at f = 61 Hz, what is the maximum mass that can be used to still create a coherent standing wave pattern? A. The gravity force on the mass supplies the tension m . g = 0.215 m = 0.215/9.81 m = 0.0219 kg (21.9g) Increasing the mass -> increase the tension -> increase the velocity with the fixed frequency -> wavelength must increase The maximum wavelength(2L) possible is 1.04 m so the maximum speed to produce a coherent standing wave = 33*1.04 = 34.32m/s 34.32 = √ T / 0.00049 T = (34.32)^2 * 0.00049 = 0.577152576N = 0.5772N M (max) = T / g = 0.0588 kg = 58.8 g 2. Standing waves on a 1.2m long string that is fixed at both ends are seen at successive frequencies of 35 Hz and 70 Hz. (1) What is the fundamental frequency? (2) What is the wave speed? A. The ratio of frequencies = ratio of frequencies as in the case of open organ pipe. n1 = 35Hz n2 = 70Hz = 2*n1 fundamental frequency = n1 = 35 Hz. 1/2wavelength=1.2 m. wavelength=2.4m. velocity = frequency * wavelength = 35*2.4 = 84.0 m/s. Fundamental frequency = 35Hz Wave velocity = 84.0 m/s 3. A string has one end tied to a wave generator, and the other tied to a fixed position. It takes the wave 0.13s to travel 3.8m. Within the same distance, there are two complete loops. What is the frequency of the source? A. Each loop has 0.5 wavelengths, and there are 2 loops in total, there are 1.0 complete wavelength in 3.8m. 3.8m / 1.0 = 3.8 so the wavelength lambda = 3.8
  • 3. speed of wave c = frequency x wavelength speed of wave c = d / t = 3.8 / 0.13 = 29.23m/s so frequency f = c / lambda f = 29.23 / 3.8 = 7.69 frequency f = 7.69Hz