This document is a lecture introduction to object oriented analysis and design (OOA/D) at the University of Education Okara. It discusses key topics that will be covered in the course, including applying the Unified Modeling Language (UML), assigning responsibilities to objects, requirements analysis, use cases, the Unified Process (UP) methodology, necessary development skills beyond OOA/D, what object oriented analysis and design entail, and example course tasks. The goal is for students to learn essential OOA/D skills like defining use cases, domain models, class diagrams, and interaction diagrams.

1. Object Oriented Analysis
and Design
Lecture 1
INTRODUCTION
Inam Ul Haq, inam.bth@gmail.com
University of Education Okara
Book: Applying UML and Patterns
Thanks-Craig Larman

2. The Book
Subject: OOA/D, University of
Education Okara
2

3. Applying UML
 UML is just a standard diagramming language.
 It is just a tool, not a skill that is valuable in itself.
 Knowing UML helps you communicate with others in
creating software, but the real work in this course is
learning Object-Oriented Analysis and Design, not
how to draw diagrams.
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education Okara 3

4. Assigning Responsibilities
 The most important skill in OOA / D is assigning
responsibilities to objects.
 That determines how objects interact and what
classes should perform what operations.
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education
Okara
4

5. Requirements Analysis
 All Software Analysis and Design is preceded by the
analysis of requirements.
 One of the basic principles of good design is to defer
decisions as long as possible. The more you know
before you make a design decision, the more likely it
will be that the decision is a good one.
 TFCL: Think First, Code Later!
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education
Okara
5

6. Use Cases
 Writing Use Cases is not a specifically Object
Oriented practice.
 But it is a best practice for elaborating and
understanding requirements. So we will study Use
Cases.
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education
Okara
6

7. The Unified Process (UP)
 Definition: A standardized approach to analysis and
design helps to ensure that all necessary tasks are
understood and completed in software development.
• A language that uses UP is called UML.
 The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a language for specifying,
visualizing, constructing, and documenting the artifacts of software
systems, as well as for business modeling and other non-software
systems.
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education
Okara
7

8. Other Necessary Skills
 Requirements Analysis, Object-Oriented Analysis
and Object-Oriented Design are not a complete
toolkit for a software developer.
 There are many other skills necessary in Software
development, including programming. This course
only covers a subset of the necessary skills.
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education
Okara
8

9. What is Object Oriented Analysis?
 The emphasis is on finding and describing the
objects (or concepts) in the problem domain.
 E.g. In a Library Information System, some of the
concepts include Book, Library, and Patron.
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education
Okara
9

10. What is Object Oriented Design?
 The emphasis is defining software objects and how
they collaborate to fulfill the requirements.
 In a Library Information System, a Book object may
have a title attribute and a get Chapter method.
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education
Okara
10

11. Implementation
 During Implementation, or Object-Oriented
Programming, design objects are implemented, such
as a book object in Java.
 Implementation is also known as Coding or
Construction.
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education
Okara
11

12. Example Tasks
 Define Use Cases
 Define a Domain Model
 Define Design Class Diagrams
 Define Interaction Diagrams
 The End
Subject: OOA/D, University of Education
Okara
12