PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT THEORY

2. Definition of Personality
Personality - A relatively stable set of
characteristics that influences an individual’s
behavior

3. What is Personality?
 The overall profile or combination of characteristics that capture
the unique nature of a person as that person reacts and interacts
with others.

Combines a set of physical and mental characteristics that
reflect how a person looks, thinks, acts, and feels.
Predictable relationships are expected between people’s
personalities and their behaviors.

4. Nature of Personality

5. Personality Determinants
Determinants of
Personality
Heredity Environment
Situational
Nature: It advocates that
Part of personality finds its
Origins in biology (heredity)
Nature: It advocates that
Part of personality finds its
Origins in biology (heredity)

6. Heredity and environment
 Heredity sets the limits on the development of personality
characteristics.
 Environment determines development within these limits.
 About a 50-50 heredity-environment split.
 Cultural values and norms play a substantial role in the
development of personality.
 Social factors include family life, religion, and many kinds of
formal and informal groups.
 Situational factors reflect the opportunities or constraints
imposed by the operational context.

7. Personality Theories
Trait Theory - understand individuals by breaking
down behavior patterns into observable traits
Psychodynamic Theory - emphasizes the
unconscious determinants of behavior
Humanistic Theory - emphasizes individual growth
and improvement
Integrative Approach - describes personality as a
composite of an individual’s psychological
processes

8. How is Personality Measured?
Projective Test - elicits an individual’s response to
abstract stimuli
Behavioral Measures - personality assessments that
involve observing an individual’s behavior in a
controlled situation
Self-Report Questionnaire - assessment involving an
individual’s responses to questions
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) - instrument
measuring Jung’s theory of individual differences.

9. The Myers-Briggs Type
Indicator
Personality Types
• Extroverted vs. Introverted (E or I)
• Sensing vs. Intuitive (S or N)
• Thinking vs. Feeling (T or F)
• Judging vs. Perceiving (P or J)
Personality Types
• Extroverted vs. Introverted (E or I)
• Sensing vs. Intuitive (S or N)
• Thinking vs. Feeling (T or F)
• Judging vs. Perceiving (P or J)
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
A personality test that taps four characteristics and
classifies people into 1 of 16 personality types.

10.  Extroverted vs. Introverted
Extroverted individuals are outgoing, sociable, and assertive. Introverts are quiet
and shy.
 Sensitive vs. Intuitive
Sensing types are practical and prefer routine and order. They focus on details.
Intuitive rely on unconscious processes and look at the “big picture”.
 Thinking vs. Feeling
Thinking types uses reason and logic to handle problems. Feelings types rely on
their personal values and emotions.
 Judging vs. Perceiving
Judging types want control, and prefer their world to be ordered and structured.
Perceiving types are flexible and spontaneous.

11. Myers-
Briggs
Sixteen
Primary
Traits

12. Importance of Personality
 Law of Behavior: “People are different”
 To ensure high performing employees in an
organization.
 To manage workforce diversity.
 Summarizing person’s behaviors & attitudes in
relation to a wide range of events.
 Personality consists of characteristics or traits that
describe how people are likely to behave in a given
situation.

13. Importance of Personality
 Personality is useful in predicting & understanding
the general feelings, thoughts and behaviors of
individuals at the workplace.
 Contribution of various personality theories.

14. THANK YOU