The document discusses the project method as a teaching approach. It notes that projects allow students to develop independence and responsibility while practicing social skills. The history of the project method is explored, from its origins in European architectural schools in the 15th century to its adoption in American progressive education. Key characteristics of good projects are identified as having clear objectives and appropriate scope while challenging students. The document argues that the project method aligns well with modern learning principles by being useful, beneficial, and stimulating further learning through practice and application.

1. Educational Technology
Midterm Lecture 1

2. Methods of Teaching
Lecture
Discussion
Questions
Demonstration
Project

3. Introduction
The project is one of the standard teaching methods.
It is generally considered a means by which students can:
 develop independence and responsibility
 practice social and democratic modes of behavior.
The project method is a genuine product of the American
progressive education movement.
Whenever constructivist concepts, inquiry-based learning,
problem-solving, and design are discussed in American
education, the "project" is considered to be one of the best
and most appropriate methods of teaching.

4. Introduction…continued
When a student successfully completes a project they
demonstrate the information learned and the ability
to complete a group of skills.
Criterion-referenced assessments help to eliminate
competition and may improve cooperation.

5. History
 Method of choice since the dawn of civilization
 590-1765: The beginnings of project work at architectural
schools in Europe.
 1765-1880: The project as a regular teaching method and
its transplantation to America.
 1880-1915: Work on projects in manual training and in
general public schools.
 1915-1965: Redefinition of the project method and its
transplantation from America back to Europe.
 1965-today: Rediscovery of the project idea and the third
wave of its international dissemination.

6. How does project method fit
in modern education?
Learning Principle Project Method
 We learn best when we are • Must know, to do.
ready to learn.
• Learning is enhanced with use. • Practice and application
are requirements.
• We learn best when new • Direct project selected is
knowledge is useful and based on immediate need.
beneficial.
• Successful learning • The complexity of the
stimulates more learning projects increases.
If a person only knows how and not why, they will
seldom advance above skilled labor.

7. Characteristics of a Skilled
Craftsman
1. Choose appropriate materials
2. Plan procedures
3. Lay out work
4. Select methods All are components of
5. Select “best” tools and project method.
equipment
6. Displays required level of skills
to use tools and materials.
7. Can analyze and solve problems
8. Are able to adapt to change
9. Follow written and oral
directions.

8. Five (5) Characteristics of
Good Projects.
1. Identifiable educational objectives
2. Clearly defined
3. Appropriate in scope and difficulty for the
abilities of the student
4. Related to student needs
5. Challenging