Lect 17-18 Zaheer Abbas
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A queue is a first-in, first-out (FIFO) data structure where elements are added to the rear of the queue and removed from the front of the queue. Common queue operations include enqueue to add an element, dequeue to remove an element, and functions to access the front and rear of the queue. Queues can be implemented using arrays or linked lists, with pointers or indexes to track the front and rear of the queue. The document provides examples of these operations and overflow/underflow conditions that can occur.
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Stacks in Data Structure
A stack is a basic data structure that can be logically thought as linear structure represented by a real physical stack or pile, a structure where insertion and deletion of items take place at one end called the top of the stack.
Stacks in DATA STRUCTURE
A stack is a linear data structure that follows the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Elements can only be inserted or removed from one end, called the top. Stacks have common operations like push to add an element and pop to remove the top element. Stacks have many applications including evaluating arithmetic expressions in postfix notation, implementing recursion, and solving puzzles like Towers of Hanoi. The document discusses stack implementations using arrays and linked lists and provides examples of stack applications.
Queue - Data Structure - Notes
An ordered collection of items from which items may be deleted from one end called the front and into which items may be inserted from other end called rear is known as Queue.
It is a linear data structure.
It is called the First In First Out (FIFO) list. Since in queue, the first element will be the first element out.
Stack - Data Structure - Notes
In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves as a collection of elements, with two main principal operations: push, which adds an element to the collection, and pop, which removes the most recently added element that was not yet removed.
Team 5
A queue is a first-in, first-out (FIFO) data structure where elements are inserted at the rear of the queue and deleted from the front. Insertion is called enqueue and deletion is called dequeue. Real-world examples of queues include lines at checkout counters, call centers, and buffers that hold songs in an mp3 playlist. The key operations for a queue are enqueue, dequeue, isEmpty, isFull, and size.
Sorting and Searching - Data Structure - Notes
Sorting and Searching is one of the most vital topics in DSA. Storing and retrieving information is one of the most common applications of computers nowadays. According to time the amount of data and information stored and accessed via computer has turned to huge databases. So many techniques and algorithms have been developed to efficiently maintain and process information in databases. The process of looking up a particular data record in the database is called searching. The process of ordering the records in a database is called Sorting. Sorting and searching together constitute a major area of study in computational methods. Both of them are very important fields of study in data structure and algorithms. Let us discuss both the topics in detail here.
Queues in C++
The document provides information about queues in C++. It defines a queue as a first-in, first-out (FIFO) data structure where elements are inserted at the rear and deleted from the front. The document discusses implementing queues using arrays and linked lists, with operations like insertion, deletion, and handling overflow/underflow. Example C++ programs are provided to demonstrate queue operations and implementations using arrays and linked lists.
Stack
The document discusses stacks and their implementation as linked lists and arrays. It defines a stack as a last-in, first-out data structure where insertion and deletion can only occur at one end, called the top. The key stack operations are push, which inserts at the top, pop, which removes from the top, and top, which retrieves the top element. Stacks have applications in postfix notation and converting infix to postfix expressions.
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Stacks in Data Structure
A stack is a basic data structure that can be logically thought as linear structure represented by a real physical stack or pile, a structure where insertion and deletion of items take place at one end called the top of the stack.
Stacks in DATA STRUCTURE
A stack is a linear data structure that follows the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Elements can only be inserted or removed from one end, called the top. Stacks have common operations like push to add an element and pop to remove the top element. Stacks have many applications including evaluating arithmetic expressions in postfix notation, implementing recursion, and solving puzzles like Towers of Hanoi. The document discusses stack implementations using arrays and linked lists and provides examples of stack applications.
Queue - Data Structure - Notes
An ordered collection of items from which items may be deleted from one end called the front and into which items may be inserted from other end called rear is known as Queue.
It is a linear data structure.
It is called the First In First Out (FIFO) list. Since in queue, the first element will be the first element out.
Stack - Data Structure - Notes
In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves as a collection of elements, with two main principal operations: push, which adds an element to the collection, and pop, which removes the most recently added element that was not yet removed.
Team 5
A queue is a first-in, first-out (FIFO) data structure where elements are inserted at the rear of the queue and deleted from the front. Insertion is called enqueue and deletion is called dequeue. Real-world examples of queues include lines at checkout counters, call centers, and buffers that hold songs in an mp3 playlist. The key operations for a queue are enqueue, dequeue, isEmpty, isFull, and size.
Sorting and Searching - Data Structure - Notes
Sorting and Searching is one of the most vital topics in DSA. Storing and retrieving information is one of the most common applications of computers nowadays. According to time the amount of data and information stored and accessed via computer has turned to huge databases. So many techniques and algorithms have been developed to efficiently maintain and process information in databases. The process of looking up a particular data record in the database is called searching. The process of ordering the records in a database is called Sorting. Sorting and searching together constitute a major area of study in computational methods. Both of them are very important fields of study in data structure and algorithms. Let us discuss both the topics in detail here.
Queues in C++
The document provides information about queues in C++. It defines a queue as a first-in, first-out (FIFO) data structure where elements are inserted at the rear and deleted from the front. The document discusses implementing queues using arrays and linked lists, with operations like insertion, deletion, and handling overflow/underflow. Example C++ programs are provided to demonstrate queue operations and implementations using arrays and linked lists.
Stack
The document discusses stacks and their implementation as linked lists and arrays. It defines a stack as a last-in, first-out data structure where insertion and deletion can only occur at one end, called the top. The key stack operations are push, which inserts at the top, pop, which removes from the top, and top, which retrieves the top element. Stacks have applications in postfix notation and converting infix to postfix expressions.
Queue-Data Structure
The document describes different types of queues as data structures. A queue is a first-in, first-out (FIFO) data structure where elements are added to the rear and removed from the front. The document discusses linear (simple) queues, circular queues, double-ended queues, and priority queues. It provides algorithms and examples for insert and delete operations on each type of queue.
Stack
Stack is a linear data structure that follows the LIFO (Last In First Out) principle. Elements are inserted and removed from the top of the stack. Stack can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Common stack operations are push, which adds an element to the top, and pop, which removes an element from the top.
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The document discusses stacks and their implementation. It introduces stacks and their common operations like push and pop. It describes using stacks to solve problems like reversing a list, calculating in Reverse Polish Notation, and bracket matching by keeping track of opening brackets on a stack. Sample code is provided to implement a stack class with methods like push, pop and top to manipulate items on the stack.
Stack
A stack is a data structure where items can only be inserted and removed from one end. The last item inserted is the first item removed (LIFO). Common examples include stacks of books, plates, or bank transactions. Key stack operations are push to insert, pop to remove, and functions to check if the stack is empty or full. Stacks can be used to implement operations like reversing a string, converting infix to postfix notation, and evaluating arithmetic expressions.
Application of Stack - Yadraj Meena
The document discusses stacks and their applications. It provides 3 key points:
1. A stack is an abstract data type that follows LIFO (last-in, first-out) principles with push and pop operations. Functions like stack_full and stack_empty are used to implement stacks.
2. Stacks have applications in converting infix notation to postfix notation and evaluating postfix expressions. The algorithms pop and push operators and operands to produce the postfix form or calculate values.
3. Examples show converting the infix expression (A * B + (C - D / E)) to postfix AB*C(D-F/)++ and evaluating the postfix form of True, False, NOT, AND,
Team 6
This document discusses deque, or double-ended queue, which is an abstract data type that allows elements to be added or removed from either end. It describes two types of deques - input-restricted and output-restricted - and common operations like push, pop, and isEmpty. Examples are given of using a deque for palindrome checking, A-Steal job scheduling, and undo-redo operations in software.
STACKS IN DATASTRUCTURE
This document discusses stacks as a linear data structure. It defines a stack as a last-in, first-out (LIFO) collection where the last item added is the first removed. The core stack operations of push and pop are introduced, along with algorithms to insert, delete, and display items in a stack. Examples of stack applications include reversing strings, checking validity of expressions with nested parentheses, and converting infix notation to postfix.
Stack and queue
The document discusses stacks and queues, which are fundamental data structures that can insert and remove items. Stacks follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle, while queues follow the FIFO (first in, first out) principle. The document provides implementations of stacks and queues using linked lists and arrays and examples of their applications in parsing, compilers, undo functions, and more.
Stack and its Applications : Data Structures ADT
Stacks are a data structure that follow the last-in, first-out (LIFO) principle. Elements are inserted and removed from the same end called the top of the stack. Common stack operations include push to add an element, pop to remove an element, peek to view the top element, and isEmpty to check if the stack is empty. Stacks have various applications like representing function call stacks, evaluating mathematical expressions, and solving puzzles like the Towers of Hanoi. They can be implemented using arrays or linked lists.
Queue
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STACK ( LIFO STRUCTURE) - Data Structure
Stack which is known as LIFO structure.Which is type of the Linear data structure and it is Non-Primitive data structure.
Definition:Non primitive data structure are not a basic data structure and depends on other primitive data structure (Integer,float etc).
Non primitive data structure can't be operated by machine level instruction directly.
Stack
This document discusses stacks and their applications. It defines a stack as a Last In First Out (LIFO) data structure where newly added items are placed on top. The core stack operations of PUSH, POP, and PEEK are described. An array implementation of stacks is presented and animations demonstrate push and pop operations. Applications of stacks like checking for balanced braces, converting infix to postfix notation, and postfix calculators are explained with examples. Pseudocode provides an algorithm for infix to postfix conversion using a stack.
Stack application
This document discusses stack applications and operations. It provides examples of how stacks can be used for reversing data, converting decimal to binary, evaluating arithmetic expressions by converting infix to postfix notation, and backtracking. Basic stack operations include push, pop, and peeking at the top element. Stacks follow LIFO order and are commonly implemented using arrays or linked lists. Common applications include reversing strings or files, evaluating arithmetic expressions, and backtracking to achieve goals.
Stacks
Data Structure- Stack operations may involve initializing the stack, using it and then de-initializing it. Apart from these basic stuffs, a stack is used for the following two primary operations −
PUSH, POP, PEEP
Queue in Data Structure
Contents:
1. What is Queue?
2. Operations perform on Queue with Algorithm & Example
3. Types of Queue with required example
D422 ex-4-2 python
The document describes an algorithm to perform selection sort on a list of numbers. It defines the selection sort function that takes a list as a parameter. The function uses nested for loops to find the maximum element in the list and swap it with the current element being considered. The Python code implements this by taking user input to build a list, calling the selection sort function, and printing the original and sorted lists. It provides examples of sorting lists of different lengths.
Stacks Implementation and Examples
The document summarizes lecture 2 of the CIS-122 Data Structures course. It covers applications of stacks like arithmetic expressions, recursion, quicksort, and towers of Hanoi. It also discusses stack implementations using arrays and linked lists and provides examples of infix to postfix conversion and evaluating arithmetic expressions using a stack.
Deque and its applications
This document discusses double-ended queues or deques. Deques allow elements to be added or removed from either end. There are two types: input restricted deques where elements can only be inserted at one end but removed from both ends, and output restricted deques where elements can only be removed from one end but inserted from both ends. Deques can function as stacks or queues depending on the insertion and removal ends. The document describes algorithms for common deque operations like insert_front, insert_back, remove_front, and remove_back. It also lists applications of deques like palindrome checking and task scheduling.
Stacks in c++
The document discusses stacks in C++. It defines a stack as a data structure that follows LIFO (Last In First Out) principle where the last element added is the first to be removed. Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. The key operations on a stack are push which adds an element and pop which removes an element. Example applications of stacks include function call stacks, converting infix to postfix notation, and reversing arrays.
Data Structures by Maneesh Boddu
The document discusses various data structures including stacks, queues, and their implementations. It defines stacks as ordered collections where insertion and deletion occurs at one end in a LIFO manner. Queues are defined as collections where insertion occurs at the rear and deletion at the front in a FIFO manner. Circular queues are introduced to avoid overflow in normal queues by allowing insertion at the front when the rear reaches the end. Implementation of stacks and queues using arrays is demonstrated through algorithms for push, pop, add, and delete operations. Applications of these data structures are also briefly mentioned.
Stack.pptx
A stack is a linear data structure that follows the LIFO (Last In First Out) principle. Elements are added and removed from the top of the stack. Common operations on a stack include push to add an element and pop to remove an element. A stack can be implemented using arrays or pointers in static or dynamic ways respectively. Stacks have applications in reversing words, undo operations, and backtracking in algorithms.
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Stack is a linear data structure that follows the LIFO (Last In First Out) principle. Elements are inserted and removed from the top of the stack. Stack can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Common stack operations are push, which adds an element to the top, and pop, which removes an element from the top.
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A stack is a data structure where items can only be inserted and removed from one end. The last item inserted is the first item removed (LIFO). Common examples include stacks of books, plates, or bank transactions. Key stack operations are push to insert, pop to remove, and functions to check if the stack is empty or full. Stacks can be used to implement operations like reversing a string, converting infix to postfix notation, and evaluating arithmetic expressions.
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The document discusses stacks and their applications. It provides 3 key points:
1. A stack is an abstract data type that follows LIFO (last-in, first-out) principles with push and pop operations. Functions like stack_full and stack_empty are used to implement stacks.
2. Stacks have applications in converting infix notation to postfix notation and evaluating postfix expressions. The algorithms pop and push operators and operands to produce the postfix form or calculate values.
3. Examples show converting the infix expression (A * B + (C - D / E)) to postfix AB*C(D-F/)++ and evaluating the postfix form of True, False, NOT, AND,
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This document discusses deque, or double-ended queue, which is an abstract data type that allows elements to be added or removed from either end. It describes two types of deques - input-restricted and output-restricted - and common operations like push, pop, and isEmpty. Examples are given of using a deque for palindrome checking, A-Steal job scheduling, and undo-redo operations in software.
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This document discusses stacks as a linear data structure. It defines a stack as a last-in, first-out (LIFO) collection where the last item added is the first removed. The core stack operations of push and pop are introduced, along with algorithms to insert, delete, and display items in a stack. Examples of stack applications include reversing strings, checking validity of expressions with nested parentheses, and converting infix notation to postfix.
Stack and queue
The document discusses stacks and queues, which are fundamental data structures that can insert and remove items. Stacks follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle, while queues follow the FIFO (first in, first out) principle. The document provides implementations of stacks and queues using linked lists and arrays and examples of their applications in parsing, compilers, undo functions, and more.
Stack and its Applications : Data Structures ADT
Stacks are a data structure that follow the last-in, first-out (LIFO) principle. Elements are inserted and removed from the same end called the top of the stack. Common stack operations include push to add an element, pop to remove an element, peek to view the top element, and isEmpty to check if the stack is empty. Stacks have various applications like representing function call stacks, evaluating mathematical expressions, and solving puzzles like the Towers of Hanoi. They can be implemented using arrays or linked lists.
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The document discusses queues and their implementation and operations. It provides the names and roll numbers of group members working on a presentation about queues. It then defines a queue as a first-in first-out (FIFO) data structure where items can be inserted at one end and removed from the other. Various examples of queue applications are given. Implementation of queues using arrays is described, including tracking the front and rear indexes and how elements are added and removed. Pseudocode for queue insertion and removal algorithms is also provided.
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Stack which is known as LIFO structure.Which is type of the Linear data structure and it is Non-Primitive data structure.
Definition:Non primitive data structure are not a basic data structure and depends on other primitive data structure (Integer,float etc).
Non primitive data structure can't be operated by machine level instruction directly.
Stack
This document discusses stacks and their applications. It defines a stack as a Last In First Out (LIFO) data structure where newly added items are placed on top. The core stack operations of PUSH, POP, and PEEK are described. An array implementation of stacks is presented and animations demonstrate push and pop operations. Applications of stacks like checking for balanced braces, converting infix to postfix notation, and postfix calculators are explained with examples. Pseudocode provides an algorithm for infix to postfix conversion using a stack.
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PUSH, POP, PEEP
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Contents:
1. What is Queue?
2. Operations perform on Queue with Algorithm & Example
3. Types of Queue with required example
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The document describes an algorithm to perform selection sort on a list of numbers. It defines the selection sort function that takes a list as a parameter. The function uses nested for loops to find the maximum element in the list and swap it with the current element being considered. The Python code implements this by taking user input to build a list, calling the selection sort function, and printing the original and sorted lists. It provides examples of sorting lists of different lengths.
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Deque and its applications
This document discusses double-ended queues or deques. Deques allow elements to be added or removed from either end. There are two types: input restricted deques where elements can only be inserted at one end but removed from both ends, and output restricted deques where elements can only be removed from one end but inserted from both ends. Deques can function as stacks or queues depending on the insertion and removal ends. The document describes algorithms for common deque operations like insert_front, insert_back, remove_front, and remove_back. It also lists applications of deques like palindrome checking and task scheduling.
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Data structure.ppt
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Queue is a linear data structure where elements are inserted at one end called the rear and deleted from the other end called the front. It follows the FIFO (first in, first out) principle. Queues can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. In an array implementation, elements are inserted at the rear and deleted from the front. In a linked list implementation, nodes are added to the rear and removed from the front using front and rear pointers. There are different types of queues including circular queues, double-ended queues, and priority queues.
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Flip-flops are fundamental building blocks of digital electronics that can store state information. There are several types of flip-flops including D, T, JK, and SR flip-flops. Flip-flops are used as data storage elements, for counting pulses, and synchronizing signals. Counters are digital circuits that store and sometimes display the number of times an event occurs, often in relation to a clock signal. Digital logic design involves the analysis and design of combinational and sequential circuits using techniques like minimization and optimization.
C# by Zaheer Abbas Aghani
C# is an object-oriented programming language created by Microsoft. It was created by a team led by Anders Hejlsberg with the goal of combining the best aspects of existing languages and improving upon them. C# code is compiled into an intermediate language called IL, which is then executed by the Common Language Runtime (CLR). Key concepts of object-oriented programming in C# include classes, objects, abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, and inheritance. Classes define the attributes and behaviors of objects, and objects are instances of classes.
C# by Zaheer Abbas Aghani
C# is an object-oriented programming language created by Microsoft that can be used to create a variety of applications. The key steps in executing a C# program are compilation, where source code is converted to bytecode, and execution, where the bytecode is converted to machine code and run. C# supports important object-oriented concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction and encapsulation. Classes define the attributes and behaviors of objects, and objects are instantiated from classes. Constructors initialize new objects.
Lect 22 Zaheer Abbas
Binary trees can be implemented using two representations: linked and array. The linked representation stores each node as a structure with data, left child, and right child pointers. The array representation stores tree data in a 2D array with a root pointer variable. There are four basic tree operations: traversing, searching, inserting, and deleting. Traversing involves visiting nodes in different orders like preorder, inorder, and postorder.
Lect 21 Zaheer Abbas
The document defines and describes various types of trees, including binary trees. It explains that a tree is a non-linear data structure used to represent hierarchical relationships, with each node having up to two children. The document also defines key tree terms like root, parent and child nodes, leaf nodes, subtrees, and internal nodes. Specific tree types covered include binary trees, strictly binary trees, complete binary trees, extended binary trees, and binary search trees.
Lect 19 Zaheer Abbas
The document defines and describes various types of tree data structures, including their components and properties. It explains that a tree consists of nodes connected by edges, with one root node at the top. The document also defines different types of nodes such as leaf nodes, internal nodes, and binary, complete, and binary search trees.
Lect 14 Zaheer Abbas
The document discusses various string operations including substring, indexing, concatenation, and length. Substring extracts part of a string. Indexing finds the position of a substring within a string. Concatenation combines two strings. Length returns the number of characters in a string. Word processing operations on strings include insertion, deletion, and replacement of substrings.
Lect 13 Zaheer Abbas
Strings are sequences of characters that can be stored in various ways in memory. Fixed-length storage stores all strings in records of the same length. Variable-length storage with a fixed maximum uses markers or length fields to indicate the end of each string. Linked storage stores each character in a separate memory cell linked to the next cell. String constants are values denoted with quotation marks that store a string once in memory and cannot be changed.
Lect 11-12 Zaheer Abbas
The document discusses linked list data structures and common operations performed on linked lists such as traversing, searching, insertion, and deletion. It provides algorithms to perform each operation. For traversing, the algorithm uses a pointer PTR that moves from node to node, printing the info of each node. For searching, the algorithm traverses and compares the info of each node to the search item. Insertion can occur at the beginning or between nodes. Deletion can occur at the beginning, between nodes, or at the end of the list.
Lect 10 Zaheer Abbas
A linked list is a linear data structure where each element is linked to the next element via a pointer. Each element, called a node, contains data and a pointer to the next node. The first node is referenced by a pointer called the head. Linked lists allow for efficient insertion and removal of nodes throughout the list since nodes are not confined to adjacent memory locations. Linked lists can grow and shrink dynamically as nodes are added or removed.
Lect 15-16 Zaheer Abbas
The document discusses stacks, which are linear data structures that only allow insertion and removal of elements from one end. Stacks follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. The basic stack operations are push, which adds an element to the top, and pop, which removes the top element. Stacks can overflow if full and underflow if empty. Stacks can be implemented using arrays, with a pointer tracking the top index. Pseudocode provides algorithms for push and pop operations on a stack implemented using an array.
Lect 9(pointers) Zaheer Abbas
Pointers provide a way to access and manipulate variables indirectly through memory addresses. A pointer variable stores the address of another variable. Pointers allow dynamic memory allocation and more efficient data manipulation. They are useful for implementing data structures like linked lists and arrays. Pointers can be declared, initialized, and dereferenced using operators like asterisk (*) and ampersand (&). Arithmetic operations on pointers modify the address they point to rather than the underlying value.
Lect 8(pointers) Zaheer Abbas
Pointers provide a way to access and manipulate variables indirectly through memory addresses. A pointer variable stores the address of another variable. Pointers allow dynamic memory allocation and more efficient data manipulation. They are useful for implementing data structures like linked lists and arrays. Pointer arithmetic and dereferencing allow accessing and updating the variable being pointed to.
Lect 3-4 Zaheer Abbas
The document discusses algorithms and their implementation in computer programs. It defines algorithms as step-by-step instructions to solve a problem and provides examples like recipes and driving directions. Computer algorithms are implemented as programs through programming languages. The document also discusses different types of control structures like sequential, selection, and iteration logic that are used to control the flow and logic of algorithms and programs.
Lect 1-2 Zaheer Abbas
The document provides an overview of the syllabus for a Data Structures course. It discusses topics that will be covered including arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs. It also outlines the course grading breakdown and covers basic terminology related to data structures such as data, data items, records, and files. Common data structure operations like traversing, searching, inserting, and deleting are also defined. Lastly, it provides guidance on selecting appropriate data structures based on the problem constraints and required operations.
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- 19. Step1: Enqueue A Step2: Enqueue B Step3:Queue-front Step:1 Enqueue A 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 FRONT=0 FRONT REAR REAR=0 A A Enqueue B 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 FRONT FRONT REAR REAR B A B Step:2 A FRONT 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 FRONT FRONT REAR REAR A A B Step:3 A B
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