The document discusses labor law in Pakistan. It defines labor law and outlines some key labor laws and protections in Pakistan's constitution, including prohibitions on slavery, forced labor and child labor, and protections for freedom of association, equality, safe working conditions, holidays, minimum age of employment, wages and working hours. It also discusses issues like unethical practices, termination of employment, child labor problems, and efforts by Pakistan to address child labor through laws and initiatives.

1. LAW OF LABOR
LAW
Law is a term which does not have a universally accepted definition, but one definition is
that “Law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social
institutions to govern behavior”
Law of Pakistan
The Law of Pakistan is the law and legal system existing in the Islamic Republic of
Pakistan. Pakistani law is based upon the legal system of British India; thus ultimately
on the common law of England and Wales. Pakistan as an Islamic republic also has
been influenced by Islamic Sharia law.
Business Law
Broadly speaking, business law refers to the laws that apply to business
entities, such as partnerships and corporations etc

2. LAW OF LABOR
Unethical Practices in Work Environment:
Even though labor law stipulates that anti-employee
practices are illegal, big companies such as Wal-Mart
are not free of them. In a lawsuit filed in 2001 by
Taylor Vogue and Sally Mussmann, some of the Wal-
Mart's illegal and unethical practices were uncovered.
Employees complained about the fact that the
managers gave those tasks impossible to carry out,
prevented them from taking well-deserved breaks and
failed to record overtime hours that the staff worked.

3. LAW OF LABOR
Definition:
“Laws that define the rights of employees in the and protect them from
employer retaliation for exercising those legal rights or reporting
violations to the proper authorities.”
LAW OF LABOR IN PAKISTAN
The Constitution of Pakistan contains of provisions with regards to
labor rights:
Article 11 of the Constitution prohibits all forms of slavery, forced
labor and child labor;

4. LAW OF LABOR IN PAKISTAN
Article 17 provides for a fundamental right to exercise the freedom of
association and the right to form unions;
Article 18 proscribes the right of its citizens to enter upon any lawful
profession or occupation and to conduct any lawful trade or business;
Article 25 lays down the right to equality before the law and prohibition of
discrimination on the grounds of Gender alone;
Article 37(e) makes provision for securing just and humane conditions of
work, ensuring that children and women are not employed in vocations
unsuited to their age or sex, and for maternity benefits for women in
employment.

5. LAW OF LABOR IN PAKISTAN
Contract of Employment:
While Article 18 of the Constitution affords every citizen with
the right to enter upon any lawful profession or occupation, and
to conduct any lawful trade or business, the Industrial and
Commercial Employment Ordinance was enacted in 1968 to
address the relationship between employer and employee and
the contract of employment.
Termination of the Contract:
The services of a permanent worker cannot be terminated for
any reason other than misconduct unless one month’s notice or
wages in lieu thereof has been furnished by the employer or by
the worker if he or she so chooses to leave his or her service.
All terminations of service in any form must be documented in
writing stating the reasons for such an act.

6. LAW OF LABOR IN PAKISTAN
Working hours
Section 8 of the West Pakistan Shops and Establishments Ordinance,
1969 likewise, restricts weekly work hours at 48 hours. Similarly, no
young person, under the age Of 18, can be required or permitted to
work in excess of seven hours a day and 42 hours a week. Where the
factory is a seasonal one, an adult worker shall work no more than
fifty hours in any week and no more than ten hours in any day.
Paid Leave:
As provided in the Factories Act, 1934, every worker who has
completed a period of twelve months continuous service in a
factory shall be allowed, during the subsequent period of twelve
months, holidays for a period of fourteen consecutive days

7. LAW OF LABOR IN PAKISTAN
Minimum Age and Protection of Young Workers
Article 11(3) of Pakistan’s Constitution expressly prohibits the
employment of children below the age of fourteen years in any
factory, mine or other hazardous employment.
The Factories Act, 1934 allows for the employment of children
between the ages of 14 and 18 years provided that each adolescent
obtains a certificate of fitness from a certifying surgeon.
Pay Issues:
Wages are construed as the total remuneration payable to an employed
person on the fulfillment of his or her contract of employment. It
includes bonuses and any sum payable for want of a proper notice of
discharge.

8. Child Labor
The International Labor Organization (ILO)
defines child Labor as:
1- When a child is working during early age
2- He overworks or gives over time to Labor
3- He works due to the psychologically,
socially, and materialistic pressure
4- He becomes ready to Labor on a very low
pay

9. How The ChildrenAreAffected
“Every year 22,000 children die from accidents related to their
work”-Issues Library
 Don’t Understand
( Believe it is a normal
part of growing up)
 Uneducated
 Mental affects
 Physical Affects

10. The Different Types of Child
Labor
 Agriculture
 CarpetWeaving
 Soccer Balls
 AutomobileWorkshops
 Mining
 Stone/ marble cutting
 Mixing Pesticides
 Deep fishing
 Glass factory
 Hotel work/Textile factoryWork
 Street work
 And much more

11. What’sBeingDone to Stop Child Labor
Pakistan’sEfforts
 FactoriesAct, 1934;West
Pakistan Shops and
EstablishmentOrdinance;The
Employee ChildrenAct, 1991;
The Bonded Labor System
AbolitionAct, 1992; and the
Punjab Compulsory Education
Act 1994
 In September 1988, the "peshgi"
(bonded) system was abolished
 The government gave free
books to primary schools so
parents with limited budgets are
now able to send their children
to schools

12. CONCLUSION
 Poor Pakistan Families really have no other
options
 Most of the country will be uneducated and
illiterate
 Child labor has become a part of the economy
 They really need to enforce their laws
 With the current leaders and system none of the
necessary changes will ever be made