- The document provides instructions on basic lathe operation and maintenance, including safety procedures, identification of main lathe parts, and descriptions of various lathe controls and operations such as turning, cutting, threading, and knurling. - It describes cutting tools used on the lathe for different operations and appropriate cutting speeds for different materials. Formulas are provided for calculating RPM and threading. - Proper techniques are outlined for various machining processes like turning, parting, knurling, and threading.

1. Basic Lathe Operation Maintenance Department

2. Safety Follow all instructions in the machine manual. Wear approved industrial safety glasses & safety shoes. Do not wear gloves, long hair, long sleeves, rings, jewelry or other loose items that could become caught in moving parts. Keep all parts of body away from moving parts. Use proper point of operation safeguarding.

3. Main parts of the lathe Headstock Carriage Bed Apron Tailstock Chuck Cross slide Compound rest Controls

5. Four jaw chuck

6. Three jaw chuck

7. bed apron carriage

8. tailstock

9. steadyrest

10. Quick change tool post

11. Cut off tool

12. Knurling tool

13. Quill Drill chuck

14. ourouo Our lathe

15. Control system of the Lathe Lever for cutting right or left hand threads. Spindle speed - change handle. Coolant pump motor switch. Spindle speed - change handle. High-low switch for main drive motor Upper slide tightening screw. Handle for moving cross slide. Handle for locking tool post. Handle for moving upper slide.carriage.

16. Control system of the Lathe Lever for changing thread pitch or feed rate. Main switch. Control lever for changing thread pitch on feed rate. Lever for the rotating direction of spindle. Handwheel for controlling the travel of the carriage. Handle for controlling the half nut to effect transverse or longitudinal feed movement. Lever for the rotating direction of the spindle. Handle for changing speed.

17. Control system of the Lathe Screw for positioning carriage slide. Handle for locking tailstock quill. Nut for positioning tailstock. Screws for cross adjustment of tailstock. Handle for quick release of tailstock. Handle for moving quill.

18. Feed & thread change handles

19. Spindle speed handles Feed direction handle

20. Feed engage handle

21. Various operations performed on the lathe Turn part face neck radius bevel bore drill thread tap knurl taper

22. Cutting tools used on the lathe Right hand & left hand roughing tool turning tool facing tool threading bevel radius knurling necking & cutoff tool

26. Cutting edge terms Side rake angle Back rake angle

27. Side clearance angle End clearance angle

28. Side cutting edge End cutting edge angle

29. Cutting speeds for high speed tooling Aluminum 600 - 2000 feet per min brass 500 - 1000 feet per min cast iron 50 - 60 feet per min steel [crs] 100 -180 feet per min steel [medium] 80 -120 feet per min steel [tool] 30 -50 feet per min

30. Cutting speeds for carbide insert Steel 390 - 660 feet per min stainless 260 - 480 feet per min tips use coolant if chips are blue ,the speed is too high.

31. Cutting speed formula Rpm = 4 x cs dia.

32. Turning a part in lathe Roughing cut : tool a little above center & more feed. Finishing cut : good edge on tool & less feed. Filing : file to final size at high speed. For safety reasons, file with your left hand. Polishing : with emery for best finish.

33. Parting in lathe Tool should stick out a shade longer than half the dia. of the shaft. Part as close to chuck as possible. Tool should be right on center. If too high, tool will ride on small dia. If too low, it will dig in & grab. Use plenty of lubricant Feed by hand & be sensitive

34. KNURLING KNURLING TOOL IN THE CENTER OF SHAFT. TOOLS SHOULD BE PARALLELTO SHAFT. SET LATHE AT SLOW SPEED. MEDIUM OR FAIRLY COURSE FEED. MOVE TOOL IN AT RIGHT EDGE ABOUT .015 OF INCH TO START DIAMOND.

35. Knurl Types

36. THREADING TURN SHAFT TO PROPER DIA. SET DIALS TO THREAD TO BE CUT. SET COMPOUND REST TO 29 DEGREES. TOOL SHOULD BE ON CENTER & CUTTING EDGE SET WITH A CENTER GAGE. SLOW SPEED. BRING TOOL POINT IN & TOUCH SHAFT.

37. THREADING SET CROSS-FEED COLLAR & COMPOUND COLLAR TO ZERO. THEN CLEAR THE WORK TO RIGHT. THE CROSS-FEED SHOULD BE BROUGHT BACK TO THIS ZERO AFTER EACH CUT. MOVE COMPOUND IN A FEW THOUSANDS & ENGAGE LEAD SCREW.

38. THREADING THE LEAD SCREW SHOULD BE ENGAGED ON THE SAME LINE EVERYTIME TO MAKE IT SIMPLE. IT IS BEST TO PICK A NUMBER & USE THE SAME NUMBER. AFTER FIRST CUT, CHECK TO SEE IF THE RIGHT PITCH IS BEING CUT. USE CUTTING OIL WHILE CUTTING.

39. THREADING FORMULA FOR THREADS. THREADS PER INCH DIVIDED BY .750 THIS WILL BE THE TOTAL NUMBER OF THOUSANDS TO MOVE THE TOOL INTO THE WORK. A NUT SHOULD BE USED FOR FINAL FIT.

40. Chasing dial

41. CLEANING ALWAYS CLEAN LATHE AFTER EACH USE. IT IS BEST TO USE A BRUSH TO CLEAN OFF CHIPS. AIR CAN BE USED WITH CARE & GLASSES ON.