Language Variation In Dutch

Language Variation in Dutch
Final Project
Language variation in Dutch: A Case Study Conducted in Brabant Province, The Netherlands
Introduction
The study of sociolinguistics has become interesting due to the scope of its study is very wide. Its
study is not only about the study of the language itself but also the context where the language is
being used and the society who use the language. Therefore, there are many aspects that can be
taken into consideration when the study of sociolinguistics is going to conducted. Those aspects are
the social context as well as social factors including social distance, social status, age, gender and
class. Furthermore, a language also appears varieties such as dialects, registers, and genres.
Before speaking, we tend to consider any aspects as part of social values in the community. This can
appear in a language we use in which we tend to speak differently in term of different dialects, or
genre in a different context for example, we speak differently to a teacher, close friends, elderly
people, or to our parents. The way we treat people differently in term of the use of language is might
be to show a respect, solidarity, or even a distance. In term of a distance, both social and
psychological distance can be shown through a language for instance, a student who speaks to a
friendly professor that is socially distant but psychologically close and to a very respected professor
that is socially and psychologically distant.
Due to Dutch as the subject of
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German Culture Essay
German Culture
Germany has been remarkably called Das Land der Dichter und Denker (the land of poets and
thinkers). The diverse culture of Germany has been molded by the major intellectual and popular
currents in Europe, both religious and secular. This report is divided into several aspects of German
Culture which are as follows.
Language
German is the official and predominant spoken language in Germany. Minority languages constitute
Sorbian, Danish, Romany and Frisian. The immigrant languages include Turkish, Kurdish, Polish,
Balkan languages and Russian.
Literature
German literature dates back to the Middle Ages. The most celebrated authors of the period are
Walter von der Vogelweide and Wolfram von Eschenbach. The world ... Show more content on
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Germany has diverse architectural styles as a result of fragmentation of the country during centuries.
The major architectural sites include Abbey Church of St. Michael's, Speyer Cathedral, Freiburg
Cathedral, and the Cologne Cathedral [2]
Music
The different styles of German–language music include Neue Deutsche Welle (NDW), Krautrock,
Hamburger Schule, Volksmusik, Classical, German hip hop, trance, Schlager, Neue Deutsche Härte
(NDH) and folk music, such as Waltz and metal. German Classical is among the most performed in
the world. Germany is the birthplace of world famous classical music composers which include
Ludwig van Beethoven, Johann Sebastian Bach, Johannes Brahms, and Richard Wagner.
Page 1 12/3/2012
Cuisine
German cuisine varies from region to region consisting mainly of meat (especially sausage) and

varieties of sweet dessert and Stollen (a fruit cake). It is divided into three categories – Bavarian
(Southern Germany), Thuringian (Central Germany) and Lower Saxon.The main varieties of meat
consumed are pork, beef and poultry with pork being most popular. Germans are famous for rye
bread. The popular drinks comprises of beer, German wine, carbonated mineral water and schorle.
Art
In the field of visual art, Germany has an illustrious tradition from the early works of figurative art
to the present contemporary art. The distinguished

Conflict Between German And Australian Workplace Telephone...
In an increasingly globalized environment, employers often look for potential workers who are
familiar in one or more foreign languages. Unfortunately, perceived linguistic competence is often
based on fluency in the vocabulary and grammar of the target language, with less of a focus on
sensitivity towards cultural and semantic differences. Left unstudied, these differences can easily
lead to, at best, misunderstanding and confusion in the workplace. At worst, an employee not
understanding the speech acts of another could find themselves offended by perceived "rude"
behavior and perpetuate cultural stereotypes of the other group. As English is a Germanic language,
the linguistic gap from an outsider's perspective does not seem wide. ... Show more content on
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A speech act is defined by George Yule as "an action such as 'promising' performed by a speaker
with an utterance, either as a direct speech act or an indirect speech act" (Yule 298). Germans tend
to be more direct with speech acts, and more explicit than English speakers when expressing
disappointment or blame; they are less likely to imply a request and more likely to outright give a
command or complaint (Grieve 193–194). Whereas English speakers are more likely to be indirect
and keep opinions and emotions to themselves, focusing on being polite during a complaint rather
than being direct, Grieve writes that Germans are more content–, goal–, and truth–oriented than
English speakers (Grieve 193). This difference in weight on the importance of politeness over
directness is a critical sociolinguistic difference between English speakers and German speakers,
and stems from a cultural difference in content of conversation. Whereas German speakers value the
information–conveying function in a conversation, English speakers value the social bonding aspect
(Evans Davis 218). However, this does not imply that Germans are simply impolite; in instances of
broad social distance between Germans, Germans use more advanced politeness elements, similar to
English speakers (Stranovská et al., 769). Co–workers are considered to have a closer social
distance than the distance

Difficult Dialects: Pennsylvania Dutch Essay example
Pennsylvania Dutch is one of the hardest dialects to study, and yet has an extremely interesting
history as well as a significant impact on the English language of the Pennsylvania area. Study of
Pennsylvania Dutch is difficult for researchers because of the scarcity of books printed in it. The
language had been preserved largely by word of mouth and lacks a traceable history through written
works, making it difficult to trace its development (Follin, 1929, p. 455). However, what there has
been much research on is how it differs from modern German, also called High German, and also
how Pennsylvania Dutch and English have mutually affected each other. Researchers can even tell
which dialects Pennsylvania Dutch evolved from and whence ... Show more content on
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They used their particular dialect in everyday discourse with others from the same area, and they
also knew High German so that they could interact with each other as well as in schools and
churches. Soon after immigrating to Pennsylvania, many of these settlers had to become trilingual
due to the transition from German to English in schools. Due to the prominence of both the English
and High German languages, the minor dialects evolved into one dialect, one that was very similar
to the Palatinate dialect because most settlers were from that area, and this formed what we now call
the dialect of Pennsylvania Dutch, which has not changed much at all over the past hundred years
(Buffington, A.F., 1956, p. 317). Not only is Pennsylvania Dutch a conglomeration of cultures with
roots in many different geographical areas, it is part of a culture is also rich in religious traditions
(Tolles, F.B., 1957, p. 130). The two major religious groups that make up the speakers of
Pennsylvania Dutch are the Amish and the Mennonites, also called the sectarians and non–sectarians
respectively (Fuller, J.M., 1996, p. 500). Approximately 100,000 Pennsylvania Dutch speakers are
Amish, amounting to nearly one–third of the Pennsylvania Dutch population. There are also
approximately 10,000 Mennonites, not including children (Moelleken, W.W., 1983, p. 174–175).
The Amish and Mennonites broke into two slightly different communities of Pennsylvania Dutch.
Their language differs

German Culture : A Unique Blend Of The Old And New
German culture is a unique blend of the old and new. The large separation between the formal
professional life and the informal private life amongst its people creates a country that is steeped in
tradition, but also very forward thinking and evolving.
While German is the official language of Germany, it is not the only language spoken in Germany.
Many Germans claim to speak at least one other language. As of 2011, at least 92.8 of German
students were learning English and/or French in general programs and much of the population is
bilingual or somewhat familiar with another language.(Eurostat, 2014) The German language does
not share many similarities with English. Some words come from Latin and Greek, while fewer
come from French and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While politicians occasionally make calls to return to this set of ideals, it has come under some fire.
Many criticize it saying that they do not give any room for sciences or art, and others criticize it for
being very militaristic. However, these ideals can still be seen in the usual customs and etiquette.
Germans tend to have a clearly defined separation between their personal and professional lives.
Both sides tend to be very structured. In their professional lives, Germans are very respectful,
formal and punctual, often exemplifying Prussian virtues. It is seen as very rude to speak informally
to someone who is not a close friend or family member, or hasn't given permission to use the
informal forms of words. It is also seen as rude to not make a point of using someone's title and/or
surname when addressing them.
As part of the idea of separation between private and professional life, the home is a very private
place in Germany. It is not often that individuals outside of close friends or family are invited in so
it might be more acceptable to schedule meetings in a more public setting. If someone outside of the
familiar group is invited into the home, it is customary to wait to be asked to enter and to bring
some kind of small gift.
While there are clear signs of strong professional values, Germans also have a reputation for being
forward thinking and very supportive of modern civil movements. Germans are known for having

College Admissions Essay: Language Bridges And Barriers
Language Bridges and Barriers Language can be a barrier or a bridge depending on how one
facilitates its use. Being a monolingual hinders communication to others who speak a different
language while being bilingual can create a bridge between nations, ethnicities, and cultures.
Unfortunately, this "bridge" is being threatened by the legalization that impedes minorities, the first
amendment, diversity, and the quality of education received in the U.S. Therefore, my stance is that
the U.S. should not have an official language and that the state of Arkansas does not need language
related legislation. I am privileged to speak English as well as some German and Spanish. This
opportunity to learn different languages has been encouraged by others and although I am
completely fluent in only English, I have been provided with the resources to learn German and
Spanish while in High School, at University, and even through online applications. I grew up in an
English–speaking household and it was the only language I was introduced to until High School. It
was not necessary for me to learn a foreign language to be successful in life or to be considered by
American society, an American citizen. However, not everyone living in the U.S. is as fortunate as
me. Minorities and immigrants find it crucial to learn English in order to communicate effectively,
acquire a job, receive a better education, and to live life successfully here. Hence my surprise at
learning that America has been

Life In The Military : The Life Of A Military
The life of a military brat is a fascinating one, and life actually serving in the military has been just
as interesting. Not everyone has the opportunity to travel abroad and most of us that grew–up under
these conditions are ignorant of this fact. I have had the privilege of traveling to many different
locations; sad thing about it I never even took any pictures. Of course, well maybe if I had the
technology that we have now I probably would snapped a few photos; nevertheless all my memories
are in my head and that's where they'll remain. Since I have been in the military other than my first
few rotation I have been able to capture and keep some of my adventures on file, thank goodness for
technology.
Many of the countries I visited as a child had an innumerable amount of different cultures and
nationalities. If you were to just be dropped off in anyone of these countries and no one told you
were you were it would be hard to make out were you are off site alone. Locations like Germany,
France and even England are a melting pots of different ethnic back grounds. As you walk through
the downtown areas you will hear so many different languages that it would be very difficult to
make out what is what. However, that in my view is the beauty of it and is what makes these
locations so interesting; the diversity and the beauty of surrounding yourself with different
nationalities. Here in the U.S there are also many different ethnic groups but more so the ones you

Language Bridges And Barriers Of Language
Megan Franklin
August 29, 2017
Linguistic Autobiography
Language Bridges and Barriers Language can be a barrier or a bridge depending on how one
facilitates its use. Being monolingual hinders communication to others who speak a different
language while being bilingual can create a bridge between nations, ethnicities, and cultures.
Unfortunately, this "bridge" is being threatened by legalization that impedes minorities, the first
amendment, diversity, and the quality of education received in the U.S. Therefore, my stance is that
the U.S. should not have an official language and that the state of Arkansas does not need language
related legislation. I am privileged to speak English as well as some German and Spanish. This
opportunity to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My culture and way of life have never been encroached upon because of what language I spoke.
Throughout history, the unfortunate consequences that have arisen when the U.S. has attempted to
enforce language policies will cause one to reconsider their opinions on controlling minority
languages. For instance, during the time of America's Founding Fathers language was diverse and
society exulted themselves on knowing more than one language (Crawford, 1989). Many members
of society were bilingual and even trilingual regardless of their social station. In fact, being
monolingual was considered abnormal (Crawford, 1989). Government documents were
accommodating of other languages and were provided in popular languages of the time, such as
French, German, and of course, English (Crawford, 1989). A suggestion to Continental Congress by
John Adams to create an "American academy for refining, improving, and ascertaining the English
language," (Adams, 1780) was rejected. The Founding Fathers never promoted or guarded English
in the Constitution and I believe they thought that the government had no right to tell the population
how to speak (Crawford, 1989).
It was customary at this time for there to be non–English and bilingual schools but objections about
immigrants around the 1900s changed the way people perceived other languages. During what was
known as the "Americanization" era people began to think of non–English languages as disloyal and

Mennonites Case Studies
According to Sider, S. (2006) in Experiences with language retention: Case studies of Mennonites
from Mexico, two primary groups were at the core of the Mennonite faith tradition: Swiss
Mennonites and Russian Mennonites (who came from northern Germany and the Netherlands).
Those Mennonites who eventually moved to Mexico trace their historical ties to the Russian
Mennonites. The language that was commonly spoken by adherents of the Russian Mennonite faith
was low German. Beginning 1874 and continuing into the 1880s, about eighteen thousand Russian
Mennonites left Russia to move to Canada for free land and military exemption. In the 1920s,
between 5,000 and 9,000 Mennonites moved to Mexico, because they were forced to use English as
the language of instruction in Canada and the Mexican president promised military exemptions, full
religious freedoms, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(2010), he conducted research on multiethnic youth language in Oslo, Norway. From the 1970s and
onwards Oslo has gradually become a multilingual city, with 26% of the population having migrant
background. Multiethnic youth language refers to ways of speaking Norwegian in multicultural
settings consisting of youth with minority as well as majority background. The result of an interview
shows that the informants, who were all born and raised in Norway, use standard–like South–
Eastern Norwegian in formal situations (E.g., job interviews, classrooms) and switch to multiethnic
youth language in the peer conversations. Therefore, the use of multiethnic youth language in Oslo
is perceived as an optional linguistic practice. Some informants point to the use of multiethnic youth
language as a way of creating a contract to people living in the western parts of Oslo, and
consequently as a way of affirming their identities as young East–Enders. According to Sandberg
(2005), speaking multiethnic youth language might function as a linguistic resource in constituting
an image of dangerousness and

Personal Narrative: My Life In Brazil
I am a Brazilian–born Chinese, who is currently a seventh grader at the Bement School. Before
coming to the United States four years ago, I grew up in Sao Paulo, giving me the opportunity to be
a polyglot. I attended a Portuguese and German bilingual school, and went to a Chinese school in
the weekends. In the Bement School, students take world language, and I chose Spanish classes.
Oftentimes, when I hear either a word in Chinese, Portuguese, or German, memories of my
childhood floods into my mind. Consequently, the memories of my past, brings me feelings of my
home in Brazil. Furthermore, I am interested in strategic games and puzzles. There is a similarity
between life and a chess game, full of possibilities and hindrance. Each movement

Why Did The English Language Change Over Time
As time progresses language also progresses. The English language has made obvious shifts over
history including changes in vocabulary, the structure of sentences, and the pronunciation of words.
Changes in language are caused by various sources such as different dialects used by different
groups of people and the different language experience the speakers get throughout their lives. The
very beginning of the English language was called PIE (Proto– Indo–European). Scholars say, "PIE
was probably spoken about 5,000 years ago by people who lived in the region north of the Black
Sea, in southeastern Europe." (Ard). As these people migrated up to the area which is now Great
Britain, it was occupied by the Celts who gave the new found English ... Show more content on
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It is made very clear that many things have changed in the English language since Early Modern
English. The largest change in the language since then is the vast amount of vocabulary that has
been added. Many words have come from the fact that Britain was a world wide empire during the
18th and 19th centuries making it so that words from all over the world naturally became part of the
English language. All of the changes in language over time lead up to the English that is spoken by
nearly 375 million people all over the world. Starting from the early 500's, as far as experts could
trace back, to now English has spread from one corner of Europe to around the world. Along with
the 375 million people who regularly speak English as their first language, "another 375 million
speak it regularly as a second language, and about 750 million more people speak English as a
foreign language. English currently is the language most often taught as a second language around
the world."(Boyanova). English is also known as the universal language for business, tourism,
technology, entertainment trade, and international communications because nearly 1.2 billion people
speak English fluently. Even though the change from Old English to Modern English has been
drastic, it is not over. There are currently changes going on through the English language that are not
apparent to the speakers because the speakers of the time so

European Immigrants In Wisconsin
In the early 19th century, Wisconsin was home to mainly Native Americans. After westward
expansion in the United States many Native Americans were forced to leave where they originally
inhabited. Thousands of Native Americans were moved to reservations in Wisconsin and in other
states. This new opening of land was perfect for new Western European immigrants who wanted a
brand–new life in America. In the mid–19th century, Wisconsin's population increased from 11,000
to over 300,000 (Nesbit, 1973). Hundreds of thousands of these immigrants were from Europe. Each
immigrant had their own reason of leaving their homeland but some of the main reasons for leaving
were: economic and social problems, natural disasters (potato famine in Ireland), religious freedom,
avoiding the draft, population booms, and industrialization. Once Germans decided to embark on a
journey to Wisconsin, they had to worry about the travel, geography of where to live, and the
language barrier between German and English and all problems in–between. Travel To get to
Wisconsin most immigrants had to travel by boat through the Erie Canal and into the Great Lakes.
From there, they would arrive in the port of Milwaukee. Other immigrants traveled up through the
Mississippi River leading into Wisconsin. Non–foreign immigrants often traveled by horse, railroad,
steamboats, and wagons. Milwaukee was the key city to migrate to as it had expanding business
opportunities and lots of public lands. This is

Cultural Differences Paper
Cultural Differences and CommunicationMrs. Gemma Nowakis a 73–year–old widower, with a 41–
year–old sonwho hasbeen trying to care for her mother since her husband had died. She lives in
Louisville, Kentucky, with her son. Shespeaks English enough to understand a little, she spent
herlife working as a seamstress since she was a 12–year–old girl. She has developed some hearing
issuesandis wearing a hearing aid on her left ear. Her dominant language is Polish, so her sontends
to translate for his motherwhen it is needed. Mrs. Nowakcame into the clinic today at the request of
her son, who came in with her. Shetends to be stubborn and old fashioned when it comes to medical
treatment. She believes that she can treat illness withonly natural herbs and teas, but not medicines,
only Tylenol to alleviate some discomfort or pain but none other,and this medication of course is
sold over the counter. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mrs. Nowak'ssymptoms are that sheloss of interest in most regular activities,fatigue or low energy
most days, also feeling depressed most of the dayand weight loss.She weighed 158lbs.this year and
has lost 25 lbs. in the last year.Before the doctor attended her, Isat next to her to ask her some
questions, but the communication was not going to be very effective because of the language barrier.
I called an interpreter to help us with the translation.As I asked the questions, I always kept eye
contact with her so that she felt that although there was a different language I was attending her at
all times.The doctor when he saw her, decided that she was suffering from Depression, and ordered
her to take, antidepressants. SSRIs include citalopram (Celexa), and continue monitoring to find out
how this treatment is helping her in the future.I will tell the patient that it can be dangerous to stop
them suddenly or miss several doses in a

German Immigration And The Republic Of Texas
German Immigration to the Republic of Texas German immigrants came to Texas to seek cheaper
land and to escape the war in Germany. Germans settled land in Texas and they helped herd cattle.
They wanted to start over in a new country. The Adelsverein founded the towns of New Braunfels
and Fredericksburg. They settled in so many places and there were large numbers of Germans in
each place so they named it "The German Belt". " The German Belt" was named because of the
large number of Germans that joined Texas around the same time. Many immigrants stayed in cities
such as Galveston, Houston, and San Antonio. Others settled in the rugged Texas Hill Country to
form the western end of "The German Belt".
The German ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is strongly linked to the traditional Christmas market in wonderful settings. You 'll find plenty of
hand–crafted Christmas decorations, cute little incense burners, wooden–carved toys, and nativity
scenes to place at the heart of your Christmas display. Germany 's first Christmas market was
recorded in 1393. Today, there are thousands of them all over the country. Both gingerbread houses
and the Nutcracker came from German stories. Another tradition celebrated in parts of Texas is
Oktoberfest. This 16–day festival in Munich attracts over six million visitors per year who consume
about 1,320,860 gallons of beer, 400,000 pork sausages and 480,000 roasted chickens. It started
October 12, 1810, at the wedding of Bavaria 's Crown Prince Ludwig to Princess Therese of
Saxony–Hildburghausen. Against tradition, the couple invited Munich 's locals. The events were
held over five days on the fields that today are named Theresienwiese after the bride.
The Germans brought a lot of foods that we eat today. The Germans eat a lot of whole grain breads,
cheeses, sausages, mustards, and pickles (gherkins are and were very popular). They eat toast, rolls,
marmalade, honey, eggs, ham , salami, and tea or coffee for breakfast. Germans eat their main meal
during the day between 12 and 2 p.m. It is nothing more than a snack. The German dinner is called
"Abendbrot", meaning "evening bread". It consists of a selection of whole grain bread,

Tamili And Antieau Language Analysis
The fifteenth chapter of Susan Tamasi and Lamont Antieau's Language and Linguistic Diversity in
the US is titled "Official English." This particular chapter briefly looks into the history of linguistic
laws in the United States followed by an examination of whether or not the United States should
have English as its official language. Tamasi and Antieau provide multiple convincing arguments for
each side of this issue, which consists of those for English as the sole language of government and
those against such a measure. Overall, however, there are many underlying beliefs and nonlinguistic
concepts–like national identity and history, politics, and economics–related to language and its
usage in America. First of all, Tamasi and Antieau debunk ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Having different languages in a country, they say, would isolate those foreign–speakers from the rest
of the country. Plus, since a knowledge of English–albeit a limited knowledge–is required for
American citizenship, they argue that these immigrants might as well learn English proficiently.
Economically, having one official language would be cost effective. Translators for both spoken and
written language can be expensive, especially for good translators since an poor translation can lead
to miscommunication and all kinds of unfavorable problems. English–speaking immigrants would
also promote America's economy because they would be able to secure better jobs. Lastly, the
promoters of Official English argue that life would basically be unchanged since English is already
the most–spoken language in the US. It would only affect the government and its documents, but it
would not lead to a decline in usage of foreign languages nor would it require people to speak
English only. Yet, others still argue that Official English is

How Has The English Language Changed Over The Years
Think of things that morph over time. What comes to mind? People may think about a music artist's
change from YouTube videos recorded on iPhones to sold–out concerts. Or, they may think about
the changes an athlete makes from childhood to becoming a professional athlete. However, did you
think about how much a language changes over a couple of years? Every year words are added to
and taken from the dictionary. Words are formed and forgotten. Language changes because of a
person's vocabulary and location, but what happens to a language, like the English language, that is
spread across the whole world?
"The English language belongs to the West Germanic branch of the Indo–European family of
languages," according to M Boyanova. The Indo–European family started in Europe and South Asia,
later spreading to other parts of the world. The West Germanic branch of the Indo–European
language family includes the Afrikaans (spoken in South Africa), Dutch (spoken in Holland),
English (spoken in the United Kingdom, United States, Australia, and Canada), German (spoken in
Germany), and Yiddish (spoken in Germany and Israel) languages (Thompson). Even though
Scottish belongs to the Celtic branch (Thompson), it is one of the English language's closest living
relative, along with Frisian. Frisian is located in the Dutch province of Friesland, in nearby areas of
Germany, and on a few islands in the North Sea. It is only spoken by approximately half a million
people (Boyanova).
Over the numerous

What Is The New Part Of My Life Essay
A new chapter of my life started after I finished 12 years of elementary and high school. I was
thinking about the new part of my life a lot what I am going to study, where, for how long, in which
language and how much is going to cost? All these questions were running in my head after I
finished high school. So my family helped me to answer some of these questions, after along
thinking and searching, I decided to study in English because it is my second language and to start
the new chapter of my life in Malaysia. November 2 2010, it was a night with mixed feeling for me;
I was excited to try new life, afraid to face it alone, and sad to leave my family. I was 16 years old
and it is my first time to travel alone outside my country, and ... Show more content on
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After that I got my US visa and in October I came to the United State in the longest flight in my life
for direct 17 hours of flying. When I arrived to Sacramento I saw a new culture, but a very
interested and not difficult to understand it. Then, while I was in Sacramento California I heard
about Northern Virginia Community College from one of my friends how study there and I saw that
NOVA is a better chance then the college in Sacramento, and Virginia is better for living so I
decided to move from California to Virginia. But I was canvased about some thinks in the American
studying system, that is if you do not have SAT you have to enter for 2 years college the transfer to
university and the huge price difference between the colleges and the universities. All these
memories and adventures, with the right and the wrong choices, with the good and the bad days that
I faced, with the happy and the sad moments, with the new and the old friends from Malaysia to the
United Stats, and with the support of the best family "my family" I can never ever forget it because
it is a part of my life and I am still living it until

Mein Kampf Essay
Mein Kampf
MEIN KAMPF is written in the style of a self–educated mod– em South German with a gift for
oratory. Of course this picture does not begin to characterize Hitler the man, but it does, I think,
account for the elements of his style.
Beginning in his Vienna period, Hitler was a voracious news– paper reader. The style of the
Austrian press, as Karl Kraus never wearied of pointing out, was slovenly, illogical, pretentious.
Even the grammar, doubtless because of the large number of Czechs, Hungarians, and other
foreigners in the trade, was uncommonly bad. Hitler inveighed against the Viennese melting pot, but
was unconsciously influenced by its literary style.
He must also have read popular pamphlets on history, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In more concrete passages he is combating political adversaries in his own movement, but even here
the continuity is mystifying, because he never tells us whom he is arguing against, but sets up every
political expedient as a universal principle.
This personalization makes Hitler a poor observer. His style is without color and movement. Images
are rare, and when they do appear, they tend to be purely verbal and impossible to visualize, like the'
cornerstone for the end of German domination in the monarchy " or forcing' the less strong and less
healthy back into the womb of the eternal unknown.' The mixed metaphor is almost a specialty of
modern German journalism, but Hitler, with his eyes closed to the visual world, was an expert in his
own right. Pohner, for example, was' a thorn in the eyes of venal officials.'
A non–German of Hitler's intellectual level would in some ways write quite differently. Germany
was a land of high general culture, with the largest reading public of any country in the world. In the
lower middle class, there was a tremendous educational urge. People who in other countries would
read light novels and popular magazines devoured works on art, science, history, and above all
philosophy. Certain philosophical phrases became journalistic cliches. Hitler is forever speaking of'
concepts,' of things' as such' (an sick). Moreover, he is constantly at pains to show that he, too, is
cultured. Hence the long, intricate sentences in which he

Comparing The United States And Switzerland
Trying to compare the United States to Switzerland is quite difficult, especially when there are many
differences between the states of America. So the easiest is to compare the general aspects across the
board, and for the smaller differences I can only compare it with Texas, since I have lived there my
whole life. The first major difference is the food, of course the food is different all across Europe
compared to the United States, just because we have different types of food. In America we like to
imitate other countries food, trying to bring different cuisines to everyone 's diet. For example;
Italian, Greek, Chinese, Asian, and many other different cuisines. Swiss food you rarely see in
America, like the fondue, that is something America has put a twist on, trying to imitate that certain
dish. Roclette has just now been introduced to America, and it's one of the bigger hits now, but it is
nice to know we have had it in Switzerland from where it is originally from. Another difference in
food, is that nothing in Switzerland is processed, no preservatives, no high fructose corn syrup, and
no dyes. Another thing that is different with the foods, is having freshly produced chocolate that is
out of this world. It is a disappointment to go back to America and crave chocolate to only have the
options of either getting Hershey 's, which will not taste as good or as smooth, or find European
chocolate for more than $5. But not all of American food is bad, we are known for

Examples Of Phonological Elements In The Book Thief
In a film, actors mimic phonological elements of their target character voices to create unique
characteristics of certain speakers. In the movie 'The Book Thief' Emily Watson acted as Rosa
Hubermann, a mother in a German family. Watson attempted to imitate a German accent by
adopting into the native language, mimicking the phonological elements in German. People
encounter difficulty when speaking their second language (L2) as both their first (L1) and second
language may be phonologically distinct from one another. Resultantly, phonemes from L1 might be
utilized to replace the unfamiliar ones in L2 (Vokic 2010). This essay attempts to identify three
phonological elements adopted by Emily Watson to mimic a German speaker.
The first phonological ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In German, the consonant /v/ is being pronounced as phoneme /f/ in English. Emily Watson
performed changes in the movie clip such as 'everything' (00:01:10), 'over' (00:02:36), and 'starved'
(00:06:11). The German /v/ is called a 'fricative' consonant, meaning that the sound is articulated
through a narrow gap in the vocal tract. Inside the mouth, our upper front teeth and the lower lip
move close to each other, forming the narrow gap required for the articulation of the sound.
Airstream that passes through the gap encounters friction and thus the sound is generated (Russ
1994). The letter /v/ only appears as /v/ in a few native words, and the rest of them represent the
phoneme /f/ (Joyce, Paul). The reason towards this phenomenon can be attributed to the German
orthography. In the first half of Middle High German, the pronunciation of the consonant /v/
remains unchanged. However, as time evolved, during the second half of Middle High German, the
voiced consonant /v/ shifted and started being read as the voiceless /f/ (Kodydek 2000). This shift in
pronunciation remains influential nowadays, thus we can easily find German replacing the
consonant /v/ with the phoneme

Two Years Of A Foreign Language
One of the most common things that America is known for is having a combination of so many
cultures and languages. Although spanish is the second language people think of being spoken in the
United States, languages such as german, chinese, japanese, french, and russian are commonly
spoken as well. It is important that all US high school and college students are required to learn at
least two years of a foreign language so that teens can be more open to travel, can compete for jobs,
and are able to expand their knowledge about the world. People in the US tend to get accustomed to
the country they live in and only explore the wonders that are in America. If teens were required to
take two years of a foreign language they would also learn

Descriptive Essay About Oma
One of the first words I ever learned was "Oma." My Oma was part of the group of women around
me during my infancy, along with my Mom and Aunt, and unbeknownst to my infant self, I had
already taken the first steps to becoming a bilingual. Growing up in the United States, my
vocabulary was dominated by English words, with Spanish numbers and German family terms
sprinkled in. A problem I encountered during my pre–school years was the dynamic naming system
of elderly ladies in my life. I grew up addressing my paternal grandmother as "Oma," and my
maternal grandmother as "Grandma." The issue was that the rest of the German language wasn't
bestowed unto me along with the word for grandma. Consequently, I thought my grandma's actual
name was "Oma." The true meaning of "Oma" wasn't revealed to me until middle school. As it turns
out, my family was code–switching; we situationally used a German word in an otherwise English
setting to describe a specific person, and it helped make conversation about my relatives more
precise. I took four German classes through my high school experience, and for the most part found
German an easy language to learn, speak and write. My teacher always told ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
My high was learning to navigate the HVV by myself and proceed to ask locals for directions to
landmarks. The solo trip in a foreign country was accompanied by an exhilarating feeling unlike any
I've ever felt. My greatest failure, in my eyes, was failing to master the genders of the German
dialect. No matter how long I studied dictionaries, or spoke to my German friends, or saw words
around the city, I couldn't reciprocate the correct gender in my sentences. Perhaps the ease with
which I learned German nouns made me consistently overconfident. After all, in English, we say
"the" before a noun, or maybe "that". In German, there's at least five possibilities: der, die, das, den,
dem,

A Double Standard
SEXUAL DOUBLE STANDARD
.
Society is known to treat men and women differently despite the equality that is supposed to exist
between the sexes. While sexism and gender sensitivity was at its worst during the early eras, it still
exists nowadays because of what is known as the double standard mentality. In the poem 'Double
Standard' Harper presents various examples of this double standard mentality that exists in the late
1800's. The poem focuses on sexual double standard which is more appropriately considered the
battle between the sexes nowadays and it presents this sexual double standard in three main lights,
these being sexual double standard in social, cultural, personal, and public perception which
represent the gravity of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Of course, in the poem, this particular aspect of sexual double standard is expressed in how the
speaker suggests another aspect of infidelity, where in the man's preoccupation with the mistress,
who is most likely the speaker in the poem results to his fiancé or 'would–be –wife' being snatched
away from him by another man. The lines, "Would you blame him, when you draw from me / Your
dainty robes aside, / If he with gilded baits should claim / Your fairest as his bride?" (17–20) express
a verbal irony where the speaker questions her role in the misfortune of the man when in fact it is
the man who has brought this upon himself, but even so, because of the sexual double standard that
exists, the man views the speaker as the cause of this misfortune. This presumption is made out of
the cultural typecast that paints the woman as a temptress and as someone, who, if not for her
submission, would not be in the situation she is in. The next aspect of sexual double standard
illustrated in the poem is that which is related to public or civic perception. This is often a situation
where the

Early Head Start Program Analysis
Introduction
According to a United States Census Bureau report (2010) the number of people speaking a primary
language other than English at home more than doubled between 1980 and 2007. During those
years, the percentage of the population who considered English as their second language increased
by 140 percent while those who considered English as their primary language only grew thirty–four
percent in the same time period (US Census Bureau, 2010).
Spanish speakers showed the biggest increase in raw numbers nationwide gaining 23.4 million
people since 1980. Vietnamese–speaking persons accounted for the largest percentage increase with
more than a 500 percent increase during the same time frame (US Census Bureau, 2010).
Spanish speakers ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When preparing to create an appropriate lesson, Perez (p. 318) suggests the idea that all children
have stories to share, and through sharing those stories, they can learn more about themselves and
other cultures. Personal stories and cultural stories from children's homes can be an excellent way
for children to display their cultural identity, pride, and accomplishments (Perez, p. 318). With this
said, I believe a great lesson for the students would be to write an autobiography. Writing an
autobiography will not only allow the students to practice their written and oral skills, it will also
give them a chance to share things about their culture that others may not know about. This
assignment will also be helpful to the teacher as she can use this assignment to formulate future
lessons including more of each student's culture. Since the focus is on learning more about each
student, this should be a cultural autobiography. When preparing this cultural autobiography,
students will be encouraged to seek out members of their community, family members, and friends
for

Analysis Of Jamison Technology Institute ( Jti )
Jamison Technology Institute (JTI) is a small technology company founded in Canada that creates
smart phones with their main target market being business people. JTI has been successful over the
past two years in Canada, and has decided to expand to Germany. What will be focused on is what
we need to know about German employment trends, legal aspects, social norms, what is needed for
expatriate employees, recruitment and selection processes, and a recommendation for expansion.
This will help JTI know what is expected when expanding over to Germany, as this is the first try in
expanding into an international market. The information found for this report was secondary
research. The findings are not very surprising, there are differences in the German culture compared
to Canadian culture. My recommendation is to hire on two local Germans to help JTI with
recruitment and selection processes as well as creating and properly translating employment
contracts. We should also send over two expatriates who are high level managers and have been
working with the company for the past two years. I believe we are going to have trouble hiring on
employees, due to the professional shortage in the technical sector in Germany. Employment Trends
Germany 's unemployment rate is 4.2% as of August 2016. Based on the graph below (Figure 1) it
shows that the unemployment rate has been slowly falling over the past year, which means there are
less people looking for jobs in Germany. Figure 1 –

Key Challenges to Cross Cultural Management: O2 Germany...
Generally, culture can be viewed as the behavioural norms within a group of people sharing
common ethnicity, beliefs, education, historical background, location or institutions. It is widely the
accepted behaviour in a group and likely the most striking or peculiar form of behaviour noted by a
foreign member new in the group. Considering this, multinational corporations (MNC) must be
highly sensitive towards cross cultural management in order for them to expand, implement their
strategies and achieve their goals in domains outside their home.
According to the GLOBE Project (House and Hanges, 2004, p15), leadership is the ability of an
individual to influence, motivate and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and
success ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The biggest differences come in terms of family collectivism and uncertainty avoidance, where the
Spanish appreciate having strong ties in a group (family collectivism) and the Germans show a
strong distaste towards change (uncertainty avoidance).
Before the acquisition, o2 Germany had a hierarchical management organization composed
primarily of Germans under the leadership of German CEO Rudolf Gröger, where the internal
reporting, communication and meetings were mainly in the German language. The functional
divisions such as HR, Sales and Marketing were tailor–made for the German market, pointing that
o2 Plc used a decentralized and polycentric approach for its German subsidiary. Only certain
functions and processes such as corporate finance, board of directors reporting, and corporate
strategy were kept uniform across o2 Plc subsidiaries and the communication was in English.
Conveniently for o2 Germany at that time, Telefónica had an established branch (Telefónica DE)
since 2003 in Germany as a wholesale Internet Carrier providing network infrastructure services to
Internet Service Providers (ISP) such as Freenet and HanseNet/Alicey. The top management of o2
Germany tried to convince its employees that Telefónica was anyway its preferred partner to help it
achieve its aspirations of becoming an Integrated Communications Service Provider (fixed/ cellular
telephony and internet surfing) and hence its

Analysis Of ' The Grand Portrait Of Humanity '
The stage holds a certain power over the audience that sits in front of it. Some people think of it
only as a flat surface that allows actors to perform and entertain the public, but it offers so much
more than they could ever realize. Through the story on the stage, actors pour their hearts out so that
they can uncover something that each and every human beings tries to find, a glimpse of humanity's
truth. Understanding and truth is what an actor lives and strives for, but this is not possible without
the use of lines and characterization. An actor cannot simply perform on the stage without these
because he will never uncover a piece of humanity's truth without uncovering a piece of his
character. Every single actor must follow their lines and characterization in order to fill out the
grand portrait of mankind. Understanding more about the human race allows the stage to flourish
with knowledge, acceptance, and compassion. An actor's duty is to expose a glimpse of humanity's
truth through the stage just like it is a person's duty to expose a glimpse of truth through the world.
The only way to reveal truth in this world is to understand languages and culture like an actor
understands his lines and characterization. This reason is what drives my interest for languages and
culture. I want to help play my part at Ohio University as a global citizen in order to make the world
a more knowledgeable, accepting, and compassionate place. For the majority of my life, I thought of

Reflection Paper
When I was four years old, in the dining room of the house in Geneva my family was renting, I
unleashed one of my historic temper tantrums. "Mom, no one talks in your dumb language!" I said,
vowing to never speak it again. While my mother was upset I was insulting her native tongue,
German, she understood my mindset. My experience growing up in different places meant my
perception of the world wasn't reflective of my ethnic background; while we travelled to Germany
every year for the holidays, we had never lived there. At this point in my life, I treasure the fact that
I grew up in a bilingual household with parents who were passionate about language, but my
journey to this point has been a strange one.
On January 3rd, 1998, I was born the Southwest German town of Tübingen in the same hospital my
mother was born in. It's a beautiful, historical town, and that area in Germany was the only
attachment I had to the country for quite some time. Until I was almost two, I lived in Bucharest,
Romania, and moved to the French–speaking part of Switzerland immediately afterwards. While
neither of my parents are French, they love the language and the culture; it didn't hurt that my
father's work for the foreign service resulted in our move to Geneva. In that setting, I was exposed
to a few distinct types of speech; almost all of the children at my preschool were British, and for
some time, I was socialised to adopt qualities of their dialects. However, since my father is from the
U.S.

Martin Luther's Impact On The History And Development Of...
Martin Luther: Impact on the history and development of the German language German is a West
Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and (co–)
official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, South Tyrol (Italy), the German–speaking
Community of Belgium, and Liechtenstein. It is also one of the three official languages of
Luxembourg. German is the second most widely spoken Germanic language, after English. One of
the major languages of the world, German is the first language of about 95 million people
worldwide and the most widely spoken native language in the European Union. German also is the
fourth most widely taught non–English language in the US (after Spanish, French and American
Sign Language) and third in the EU (after English and French; at lower secondary level),the second
most commonly used scientific language, as well as the fourth most widely used language on
websites (after English, Russian and Japanese). German derives most of its vocabulary from the
Germanic branch of the Indo–European language family. A portion of German words are derived
from Latin and Greek, and fewer are borrowed from French and English. With slightly different
standardized variants (German, Austrian, and Swiss Standard German), German is a pluricentric
language. German can be divided into different historical eras, Old High German (early as 700–
1050 A.D.), Middle High German (1050–1350 A.D.), Early New High German (1350–1650 A.D.)
and

Culture Of German Culture
German culture has spanned throughout the entire German–speaking world. From its roots, culture
in Germany has been molded by major intellectual and popular currents in Europe, both religious
and secular. Historically Deutschland has been called Das Land der Dichter und Denker (the country
of poets and thinkers) (Wasser, 2006). Germany is in the middle of Europe, not only geographically,
but also in terms of politics and economics. The country is Europe's second most populated after
Russia, with more than 81 million people. The German economy is the largest on the continent and
the fifth largest in the world after Japan. While German exerts its influence on the countries that
border it – Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Switzerland and Poland – all of these cultures have, in varying degrees, had a hand in molding
today's Germany.
The population is 91.5 percent German, with Turkish being the second largest ethnic group at 2.4
percent. The remaining 6.1 percent is made up mostly of those of Greek, Russian, Italian, Polish,
Serbo–Croatian and Spanish descent (Zimmermann, 2015).
Culture is precisely related to language in many different ways. When a person uses language what
is said and how it is said is contributed by the person's culture. During some cultures, the past
influences language. Other languages are molded with the current beliefs of the culture. The
German language has gone through three different periods each

English : The History Of The English Language
The History of the English Language BEFORE ENGLISH Where does English come from? English
has a convoluted history, spanning many millennia and cultures throughout history. The English we
all know and love today started its journey way back in the late Stone Ages. The people who spoke
this early concept of English are known as the Neolithic or Indo–European people. These people
lived in Eastern Europe and Central Asia sometime after 5,000BC, although different sources state
anywhere between 3,000BC – 7,000BC. Since there are no recorded writings of this Indo–European
language, it's a mystery as to how it actually sounded. Using the "comparative method", linguists
were able to reconstruct what it may have sounded like using context clues from several of its
daughter languages. Thanks to this method, it is thought by many that modern–day Lithuanian may
be the closest to the Indo–European language, i.e. the most unchanged form. Indo–European is but
one of many language families, however it is by far the most expansive family, accounting for
nearly half of today's modern languages. Within Europe, there are only few languages which do not
derive from this tree. These include Basque, Finnish, Estonian, Turkish, Hungarian, and few other
small Russian languages. The Indo European Spread Sometime between 3,500BC – 2,500BC, this
Indo–European language spread all throughout Europe and Asia, developing and evolving as it did.
As they developed in isolation, by 1,000BC, Indo–European had split into smaller language groups,
the main ones being Hellenic, Italic, Indo–Iranian, Celtic, Germanic, Armenian, Balto–Slavic, and
Albanian. Several other groups existed, such as Anatolian, Tocharian, Phrygian, Thracian and
Illyrian, but they have since died out before they had a chance to properly develop. Over time these
new language groups forked into even smaller languages, languages one would recognize as
modern–day languages, such as Swedish, Portuguese, and Latin. Because all of these languages
came from the same source, it makes sense as to why some words in different languages look
similar. Compare: English (brother), Dutch (broer), German (brüder), Old Norse (bróðr) English
(father), Dutch (vader),

English Language Essay
English has been used in many different ways since we ever started speaking it. Now as we move
into the future, English has and still will be used as an international language. Why is it considered
so? Also how did this come about? There are changes ongoing that affect English as a language,
such as employment opportunities and why it is important for any potential employer wishing to
employ someone. It is also used by professionals who are at work each day, on travel, or work–
related matters. English is spoken in many different countries and many people there understand
English as it is required for business, travel etc. English is also a source of knowledge as it is needed
to understand what people are saying, reading books, writing ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Doctors and nurses may also use medical terminology when discussing something in front of a
patient in order to prevent undue anxiety. Medical "jargon" is not at all meant to speak in pig latin in
front of a patient. It is so that there is no mistake when doctors are conveying information about a
patient to each other. For example, to a lay person, "fever" may mean that the person feels hot, or
that the temperature is above 100 Fahrenheit. But no one really knows and can cause a lot of
confusion. With medical terms, things are very clear, so that even a surgeon in France can read a
scientific journal article and know exactly what the author means. That way, also, medicine can be
global and that the medical societies can share ideas and innovations. Since everything in a patient's
medical records must be documented, from signs and symptoms, to the patient's medical history, to
the final diagnosis and treatment, it saves the doctors and all other medical personnel a considerable
amount of time to use a universally accepted form of medical terminology. And, even more
importantly to use medical terminology, means it will be safer when all medical professionals, from
doctors and nurses, lab techs to radiology techs, etc. use the same universal medical terminology so
they don't have to try to guess what was ordered or charted on the patient's medical records or what
procedure a patient needs.
English is

How Did George Orwell Write Politics And The English Language
The English Language's Slight Decay The English language fascinates some people. It takes words
from other languages like Latin, Greek, and German putting in a different level than the rest. It
evolved a lot from how it was spoken in the past some words people stopped using and gets
replaced with new words. Now there are more people who understand English which makes it the
third most spoken language in the world, and people continue to learn it. Like every other language,
people tend to have bad habits with the language and rarely do others try and correct them. While
others manipulate the language to make their intentions less harmful. George Orwell saw people
doing the bad habits and manipulating the language back in 1945 and tried to show people their
mistakes and how to fix it in his essay "Politics and the English Language." Orwell writes about the
bad habits people use and this essay continues to apply ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Orwell first writes about dying metaphors/clichés and that it would be best to avoid using ones that
has been used too often and try to make your own or just not use on at all. Next he talks about
verbal false limbs instead of using simple verbs some writers will add more verbs thinking it will
sound better. Then he talks about pretentious diction where people write something a lot more
complicated when you can simplify it to a few words, example "cease all activities thou art engaged
in, the hour of the hammer is upon us" can be shortened to "stop, hammer time" some people are
guilty of this. Finally he talks about meaningless words like jargon or words that will mean
something from person to person. After showing all this mistakes he offers solutions to all of them
so people can correct them or correct others but he says he would rather have you break all his rules
than you say something very

English as a Global Language
English as a Global Language
English is fast becoming the dominant means by which the world is able to communicate. It is being
referred to as the global language as it is seen as a common means for interaction between different
countries. This new phenomena can be seen in a positive light because the use of English as a
common language brings efficiency and greater understanding. Growth and development are not
tolerant of differences and English becomes a means for international expansion. Nonetheless this
also brings with it a development which "gobbles up cultures and traditions".
In South East Asia, as a result of English becoming a kind of global currency, there is a large turn
towards acquiring language skills not in any language ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the growth of English and globalization, small communities are becoming inundated with
English media. This media results in people hearing more English than other languages. There are
more English translations than any other languages. Increasingly people are writing in English in
order to appeal to a world market and in doing so producing writing which is more western and does
not encapsulate the different experiences of story telling which differ so considerably from culture
to culture. World literature, because of the increased use of English as a global language becomes
English literature
In sum the global nature of English is linked with a loss of individuality. The unique nature of
language, culture, tradition and literature can become lost in response to the wave of western
English culture and language. Personally I have no idea where this new movement may leave us. It
is a great shame that individuality may be lost, as is alluded to in this article, in the strive for a
growth and a more convenient world. Nonetheless I do see advantages gathered from the use of
English as a dominant medium. I do believe that there is room in all this for a compromise between
local culture and language and that the global use of English which does not necessarily mean the
loss of one and gain of the other. As an English teacher and a native English speaker it is important
to bear in mind these aspects of the

The German Culture : The Culture Of The German Culture
The German Culture
Cody Lowry
Northwood University
The German culture is a very sophisticated group of people in the upper Europe. German's are
widely recognized for there one of the kind environment that there society provides. I am going to
research the German cultures customs, food, language, roles, clothing, music, and entertainment.
This map of the cultural components will explain the main topics in the Germany.
The language of the German culture is very sophisticated with a wide vocabulary. Germany has a
wide variety of languages spoken in their country like Turkish, Kurdish, Danish, Sorbian, North
Frisian, and West Frisian (Commisceo, 2017). According to Commisceo Global Consultancy, the
variety of languages only used by a little under five percent of Germany as ninety–five percent of
the culture speaks its main language (Commisceo, 2017). Within the main language, the characters
used to write the language are almost completely the same as English with the exception of a few.
The few exceptions of the language are the umlauts and eszett that both have different meanings
within the language. The eszett is the symbol for "double S" in a word (Paul Joyce, 2011). The
umlaut is a symbol placed above the letters A, O, or U, to express different pronunciations of the
letter in the word (Paul Joyce, 2011). Germans also have many slang terms that they use on a daily
basis. Just like in the English Language, German Language has multiple words used for the

Red Bull's Marketing Mix
Introduction
Originally established in Thailand in 1962 under the name Krating Daeng, Red Bull was
incorporated in 1984 with its head office in Austria. It is now a market leader in the energy drink
segment with presence in over 130 countries and an employee base of over 3,900 worldwide. It
recorded a turnover of $2.6 billion in 2006 with a whopping 300% increase in global sales as
compared to the year 2000. Starting with its first international foray in the neighbouring Hungary in
1993, it has since then entered and established a foothold in various key markets like United States,
Germany and United Kingdom. Through its well developed network of local subsidiaries in these
and other key markets, it manages to make its products ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Till now, Red Bull has concentrated on the American and European markets for international
expansion but if the company chooses to focus on Asian markets as a potential target, then it must
take into account the vast cultural differences. The unconventional marketing strategies used so far
might not work just as effectively in the new Asian markets. The Red Bull website provides links to
the company's Japanese language pages which is line with its focus on Japan as a next key target,
but the cultural differences are not limited to the language only.
4. Choices
Any company with a global marketing strategy faces competition in the industry and then within
that industry at the market level. The factors operating at industry level consist of new entrants,
suppliers, substitutes and the other factors that are at market level consisting of existing buyers and
sellers (Hollensen, 2004, p.90). The functional drinks market has been steadily growing in the last
few years which would attract the new entrants. This is particularly relevant for the existing soft
drink manufacturing companies as the investment requirement will be relatively low for them to
make an entry. The company is being challenged by the existing players like Gatorade and Taisho
Pharmaceuticals who mainly cover the energy drinks segment, there are other competitors as well in

Bilingual Education In High Schools
Education is a privilege offered in the United States of America that the children of
America should take advantage of this privilege irrespective of caste, creed and religion.
Unfortunately, educational privilege cannot be enjoyed by those who speak other languages than
English. Bilingual Education is an asset, not a hindrance, that helps non–native students to explore
content subjects in their languages while learning English. This reduces the achievement gap
between native and non–native students. High schools require their students to study a foreign
language before graduating, so why is this form of bilingual education accepted in the schools?
However, elementary bilingual education is under constant criticism. Why is there a problem ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"When Proposition 227 took effect in 1998, dismantling most of California's bilingual education
programs, two school districts were not directly affected" (Crawford, 2004, p. 105). This proposal
extremely saddened me because schools ignored the needs of language minority students, and
simply placed them in English immersion or "sink–or–swim" programs. As an immigrant, I can
understand the feelings of these ignorant students whose parents came here with the hope of
providing better education to their children, however, facing seemingly insurmountable obstacles.
They are forced to assimilate the language and some students feel pressured to learn the English
language; eventually, such a horrendous experience forced them to drop out from schools. Policy
makers and educators should be more sensitive to the needs of their rapidly growing language
minority student population. " A conference on the education of Spanish–speaking children,
sponsored by the National Education Association in 1966, led to a study and report on innovative
education programs in Southwestern states which made use of the students' native language. The
report made several recommendations,

Germany 's Tourism As An American Citizen
Many Americans have common misconceptions about Germany and its people even before visiting
the country or getting to know a German national. Germans are often perceived to be cold or mean
and that they dislike tourists. Many also believe that the language sounds harsh or is unromantic and
all Germans consume is sauerkraut, sausage, and beer. These views could be largely due to the way
Hollywood paints Germans out to be and American views on holidays such as Oktoberfest. As a
German as well as an American citizen, I have heard many of these stereotypes and can confidently
refute these claims and say that Germany and its people are actually very friendly and have a rich
and diverse culture.
Germany's tourism is on the rise as described in a report in a marketline industry profile. It describes
that the travel and tourism industry grew in 2015 by 3.3% and is "projected to maintain a similar
growth rate..."(Travel and Tourism in Germany 8). In fact, every time I visit I meet more and more
people who are touring Germany. A study done in 2013 by Andrew Hare and collegues was aimed to
see how Americans perceived Germans and Germany. It found that almost 60% of Americans had a
positive impression and thought it was modern, forward thinking, and economically powerful (Hare
et. All 3–59). Germany has also adopted many other cultures' customs from words to holidays to
music. When my mom was younger and living in Germany there was no Halloween! Now kids are
starting to catch on and

Native Immigrants And The City Of Miami
When it comes to different dialects recognized across the United States, some of the most prominent
dialects are Eastern New England, Lowland Southern, Western, and Mid–western English. Miami
English is often neglected when it comes to the vast amount of dialects found throughout the United
States. Mostly because the emergence of the language is fairly new compared to all other dialects.
Many of the immigrant's that established their lives in the City of Miami began making their way
from Cuba in the late 50s and ever since then, the city's population has been drastically growing.
Fast–forward about five decades later and the second and third generations of those same
immigrants developed what is now known as a "Miami dialect". Although Miami English is
unstudied when compared to other distinguished dialects in America, it is the most prominent
dialect spoken in the City of Miami. With the colossal amount of spanish speaking communities that
have established themselves throughout the city, Miami is often viewed as a bilingual city. Many
visitors will easily pick up the unique lexical characteristics that many, if not all, Miamians use.
Along with the distinct phonological characteristics that is often noted when natives pronounce their
L's and words with /æ/. One of the notable attributes about living in a state and/or city in America is
that whenever you travel outside of your city or state, most people are quick to point out your
"accent". However, from your standpoint,

Language Variation In Dutch

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