This document discusses land use in Pakistan related to farming and forests. It describes the different types of soil found in Pakistan, including alluvial soil which is most fertile and found in river plains. Farming is not possible in mountainous or desert areas. Agriculture is an important part of Pakistan's economy, with common food crops including wheat and rice, and cash crops like cotton. Terrace farming is used on mountain slopes in Balochistan. Pakistan has several types of forests including alpine, coniferous, dry, thorn, mangroves, and riverine forests which grow in different climate regions and provide environmental benefits.

3. SOCIAL
STUDIES
Presenter: Miss Sobia Sultan

4. ◦ What bread and cake have made from?
◦Which one of you likes to eat chips or French fries?
◦What are the French fries made from?
◦Which are famous fruits of summer?
◦ All the foods that we spoke about grow on farms.
Most of the food we eat comes from farms of our
own country and some in foreign countries.

5. LAND USE: FARMING
AND FORESTS

6. Objectives
◦ describe the uses and kinds of soil.
◦recognize that agriculture is the
backbone of the country.
◦identify the importance of various types
of forests.

7. Soil
◦The agriculture and industry of a country depend on the
kind of soil and rocks that are found there.
◦No farming is possible in mountainous area, deserts and
coastal areas.
◦The most fertile soil is called alluvial soil. It can
be found in the plains, around the great rivers.

8. Typeoflandin
Pakistan

9. Types of Soil
◦Alluvial soil
◦Sandy soil
◦Rocky soil

10. Soil
◦In lower valleys among mountainous areas, where
there are rivers, the soil is usually fertile. These areas
are sheltered from the wind as well e.g. Indus river.
◦But fast flowing rivers cut through the rocks and
carries away much of the fertile soil. This is called
erosion
◦Topsoil (upper layer of soil) is
fertile in mountainous areas.

11. 1) Farming is impossible in
plains/deserts
2) Most fertile soil is called
alluvial/topsoil
3) Valleys/glaciers are suitable to
grow crops.

12. Agriculture
◦Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed,
fiber and other desired products by the cultivation of
certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals
(livestock).
◦In Pakistan, in Punjab province mainly, in parts of Sindh,
and in some parts of Khyber Pakhtun Khwa suitable land for
agriculture is available.

13. Agriculture
◦In Balochistan, due to being
most mountainous area
farmers make mountain
slopes and plant the food
crops on them. This is
called terrace farming.

14. Food Crops
◦Wheat
◦Rice
◦Maize
◦Millets
◦Gram
◦Masoor
◦Mustard
Cash Crops
◦Cotton
◦Sugar cane
◦Sugar beat
◦Tobacco
Pakistan produces variety of fruits
such as mangoes, apples, oranges,
melons, apricots, bananas and
peaches.

15. ◦Farming on mountain slopes is
called terrace/plantation farming.
◦Cash crop is wheat/cotton.
◦Mustard is crop food/cash.

16. Forests
◦Pakistan does
not have great
and large forest
resources.

17. Types of Forests
Alpine
◦These forests grow in
snowy conditions.
◦In Pakistan they are found
in Gilgit-Baltistan, Chitral,
Dir, and Swat.
Coniferous
◦These are found in lower
parts of mountains.
◦In Pakistan they are found in
Murree, Nathia Gali, and
Balochistan.

18. Dry Forests
◦These forests have
evergreen trees.
◦In Pakistan they are found
in Photohar plateau,
Rawalpindi, Attock,
Balochistan etc.
Thorn/Rakh
◦These forests grow in dry
climate where soil is not
fertile.
◦In Pakistan they are found in
west of Balochistan, Punjab
and Sindh.

19. Mangroves
◦These forests grow in coastal
areas, protect soil erosion near
coastline. The trees are not large
due to salty water.
◦They are found in South of
Pakistan in delta area.
Riverine
◦They are also called bela
forests. They are found
close to the river.
◦Largest riverine forests are in
Sindh along river Indus.

20. Importance of Forests
◦Plantations: - These are man-made forests.
◦Forests are a great way to protect soil erosion.
◦They provide home for the wild animals as well.
◦Forests keep the environment clean, produce oxygen
and stops land-sliding.

21. ◦Man-made forests are
mangroves/plantation.
◦Riverine/thorn are found near rivers.
◦Mangroves are found near snowy
areas/coastal areas.

22. ANY
QUESTION?